Gaceta Sanitaria最新文献_第9页

IF 1.9 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102396

José Pulido Manzanero

引用次数: 0

Evaluación piloto del programa «Transformem els patis» en escuelas de primaria de Barcelona [巴塞罗那小学 "Transformem els patis "计划试点评估]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102429

Jesús Periañez , Xavier Continente , Marta Sanz-Mas , Gemma Drou , Albert Espelt , Emma Cortés , María José López

{"title":"Evaluación piloto del programa «Transformem els patis» en escuelas de primaria de Barcelona","authors":"Jesús Periañez , Xavier Continente , Marta Sanz-Mas , Gemma Drou , Albert Espelt , Emma Cortés , María José López","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the “Transformem els patis” (Let's transform the schoolyards) program in Barcelona in terms of schoolyard use, social interaction, physical activity, and diverse forms of play with a gender perspective.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A cross-sectional pilot evaluation study with mixed methodology involving eight primary schools (four in intervention group and four in control group). For the quantitative analysis, 16 systematic observations were performed in the schoolyards of both groups. The group size, group composition according to sex, physical activity, the carried-out activity and play structures or material use, and environmental variables were analyzed. For the qualitative analysis, three structured group interviews were held with teachers and the monitoring team of the intervention group. A thematic content analysis with a phenomenological perspective was conducted, exploring changes related to the physical schoolyard transformation, its educational use, and interactions among children, and the overall assessment of the schoolyard transformation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>192 groups of schoolchildren were observed in the intervention group and 203 in the control group. The transformed schoolyards had more natural elements, play structures, places to sit and non-cemented flooring. Compared to the non-transformed schoolyards, both in the boys’ and girls’ groups, a higher proportion of active play was registered, as well as a higher proportion of non-sport games and imaginative games among boys and a lower proportion of girls watched the schoolyard.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Transformed the schoolyards are more inclusive, naturalized, playable, and equitable, with a greater diversity of elements and play structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial. Recursos humanos en sanidad: más de lo mismo no es una solución. Informe SESPAS 2024 [社论。医疗保健领域的人力资源：千篇一律不是解决办法。SESPAS 2024 年报告]。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102391

Miguel Ángel Negrín , Vicente Ortún

引用次数: 0

¿Qué sabemos y qué deberíamos saber sobre los desequilibrios de médicos en España? Diagnóstico y propuestas. Informe SESPAS 2024 [关于西班牙医生的不平衡，我们知道些什么，又应该知道些什么？诊断和建议。SESPAS 报告 2024]。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102366

Beatriz González López-Valcárcel, Patricia Barber Pérez

{"title":"¿Qué sabemos y qué deberíamos saber sobre los desequilibrios de médicos en España? Diagnóstico y propuestas. Informe SESPAS 2024","authors":"Beatriz González López-Valcárcel, Patricia Barber Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article characterizes the main features of the supply, demand, and labor markets for physicians in Spain, with an international and territorial perspective. It also presents some of the results of the simulation model for specialist physicians with a 2035 horizon and proposes strategic and short-term lines of action in the planning, regulation, and management of health professionals in Spain, with a focus on specialist physicians. In Spain there are high rates of physicians and medical graduates, but low rates of nurses, compared to other developed countries. Approximately 30% of practicing physicians (not considering residents) practice only in the private network. In the last two decades, competition from the private sector for health professionals has intensified, competing with the public network, which is subject to an excessively rigid regulatory framework. There is currently a shortage of physicians in some specialties, particularly in family medicine, which urgently needs specific incentives to stimulate vocations. Numbers consider only part of the story. The imbalances in the educational and labor markets are not resolved by creating vacancies, but by reforming the regulatory framework, the incentive systems, and the slack in public management to compete with the private sector in attracting and retaining talent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S021391112400013X/pdfft?md5=83c9ff5c3c6442f78ebad7c10fdc65b9&pid=1-s2.0-S021391112400013X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139907082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sinhogarismo como determinante de la salud y su impacto en la calidad de vida 无家可归作为健康的决定因素及其对生活质量的影响

IF 1.9 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102388

Mercedes Botija , Ana Isabel Vázquez-Cañete , Laura Esteban-Romaní

{"title":"Sinhogarismo como determinante de la salud y su impacto en la calidad de vida","authors":"Mercedes Botija , Ana Isabel Vázquez-Cañete , Laura Esteban-Romaní","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the health status of the homeless population who spend the night on the streets and in shelters (extreme residential exclusion), with reference to their quality of life, self-perceived health, comorbidity and access to health resources.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 263 homeless people in the city of Valencia by means of a nocturnal count and using the EQ-5D-3L Health Related Quality of Life questionnaire and questions from the European Quality of Life Survey for Spain.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the people who participated in the study, 129 of them slept outdoors, 49% (62.79% men, 19.37% women and 17.84% unidentified), while 134 slept in hostels, i.e. 51% (67.16% men and 32.84% women) with an estimated average age of 41.53 years and 55% had been living on the street for less than 12 months. People staying overnight on the streets presented worse quality of life and more than a quarter of the sample lacked a health card.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is a relationship between homelessness and poor health conditions in terms of quality of life, perceived health, comorbidity and accessibility to health to resources. The inverse care law is evidenced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000359/pdfft?md5=c76692aeb04e9d9f2c0683680afdd6b0&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cumplimiento de la legislación sobre tabaco en espacios al aire libre y cubiertos en recintos hospitalarios 在医院的室外和室内区域执行烟草法规

IF 1.5 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102418

Carmen Cánovas Pérez, Olga Monteagudo-Piqueras

引用次数: 0

Unequal impact of COVID-19 on excess deaths, life expectancy, and premature mortality in Spanish regions (2020-2021) COVID-19 对西班牙各地区超额死亡、预期寿命和过早死亡率的不平等影响（2020-2021 年）

IF 1.5 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102424

Nazrul Islam , Fernando J. García López , Dimitri A. Jdanov , Miguel Ángel Royo-Bordonada , Kamlesh Khunti , Sarah Lewington , Ben Lacey , Martin White , Eva J.A. Morris , María Victoria Zunzunegui

{"title":"Unequal impact of COVID-19 on excess deaths, life expectancy, and premature mortality in Spanish regions (2020-2021)","authors":"Nazrul Islam , Fernando J. García López , Dimitri A. Jdanov , Miguel Ángel Royo-Bordonada , Kamlesh Khunti , Sarah Lewington , Ben Lacey , Martin White , Eva J.A. Morris , María Victoria Zunzunegui","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to estimate regional inequalities in excess deaths and premature mortality in Spain during 2020 and 2021, before high vaccination coverage against COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>With data from the National Institute of Statistics, within each region, sex, and age group, we estimated the excess deaths, the change in life expectancy at birth (<em>e</em><sub>0</sub>) and age 65 (<em>e</em><sub>65</sub>) and years of life lost as the difference between the observed and expected deaths using a time series analysis of 2015-2019 data and life expectancies based on Lee-Carter forecasting using 2010-2019 data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From January 2020 to June 2021, an estimated 89,200 (men: 48,000; women: 41,200) excess deaths occurred in Spain with a substantial regional variability (highest in Madrid: 22,000, lowest in Canary Islands: −210). The highest reductions in <em>e</em><sub>0</sub> in 2020 were observed in Madrid (men −3.58 years, women −2.25), Castile-La Mancha (−2.72, −2.38), and Castile and Leon (−2.13, −1.39). During the first half of 2021, the highest reduction in <em>e</em><sub>0</sub> was observed in Madrid for men (−2.09; −2.37 to −1.84) and Valencian Community for women (−1.63; −1.97 to −1.3). The highest excess years of life lost in 2020 was in Castile-La Mancha (men: 5370; women: 3600, per 100 000). We observed large differences between reported COVID-19 deaths and estimated excess deaths across the Spanish regions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Regions performed highly unequally on excess deaths, life expectancy and years of life lost. The investigation of the root causes of these regional inequalities might inform future pandemic policy in Spain and elsewhere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Niveles para la orientación comunitaria de la atención primaria en Colombia 哥伦比亚面向社区的初级保健水平

IF 1.5 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102414

José Ivo Montaño-Caicedo

引用次数: 0

Aborto en Melilla: barreras de océano y frontera 梅利利亚的堕胎问题：海洋和边境障碍

IF 1.9 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102355

Eva Estévanez Jiménez , Maite Cruz Piqueras

{"title":"Aborto en Melilla: barreras de océano y frontera","authors":"Eva Estévanez Jiménez , Maite Cruz Piqueras","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide insights into the challenges faced by women seeking abortion services in Melilla, Spain. It seeks to describe the journey these women undertake and to identify and analyze the barriers they encounter in accessing abortion care.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A qualitative research approach was employed, involving a series of eight semi-structured interviews during 2022. Three interviews were conducted with national experts in the field of abortion, while five interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals from the Melilla Health Area who are directly involved in providing abortion services and supporting women throughout the process. The study was guided by a theoretical framework that focuses on barriers to abortion access and sexual and reproductive rights. The collected data was analyzed using content analysis and categorized based on key dimensions of the study.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study identified several significant barriers to abortion care access in Melilla. These include conscientious objection among healthcare providers, the geographical remoteness of Melilla, the legal challenges faced by Moroccan women due to their irregular status, and the requirement of parental consent for minors aged 16 and 17. Consequently, women seeking abortion services are forced to travel to mainland Spain, continue with undesired pregnancies, or resort to unsafe clandestine abortions in Morocco, thereby endangering their lives in the worst cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The barriers to abortion access identified in this study represent a violation of women's reproductive rights in Melilla. Urgent action is required to review the current process, ensuring that access is improved and the right to safe abortion is guaranteed for all women residing in Melilla.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000025/pdfft?md5=51bfe659080b31405fb4ca03b370b8c4&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139674791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

John E. Wennberg (1935-2024). Apoyando la hipótesis nula 约翰·温伯格（John E. Wennberg， 1935年-2024年）。支持零假设

IF 1.5 4区医学

Gaceta Sanitaria Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102431

Enrique Bernal-Delgado

引用次数: 0