Gaceta Sanitaria最新文献

{"title":"Estimación retrospectiva de los casos iniciales de COVID-19 en Santiago Región Metropolitana en Chile","authors":"Jenny Márquez ,&nbsp;David García-García ,&nbsp;María Isabel Vigo ,&nbsp;César Bordehore","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Estimate daily infections of COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic in the Santiago Metropolitan Region (SRM) in Chile and Chile that are more realistic than those officially registered.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Retrospective estimate of daily infections from daily data on COVID-19 deaths, a seroprevalence study, and the REMEDID (Retrospective Methodology to Estimate Daily Infections from Deaths) algorithm.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In SRM, it is observed that: 1) the maximum peak of infections was more than double that registered in the official statistics; 2) such peak was reached on May 22 (95% <span>C</span>I: 20–24 May), 2022, that is, 24 days before the official date of the peak of infections; and 3) the first estimated contagion took place on January 28, 2020 (95% CI: January 21 to February 16), that is, 36 days before the official date. In Chile, the situation is similar. During the first wave SRM accounted for 70%–76% of those infected in Chile, while from August 2020 onwards it accounted for 36%–39%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The official records of COVID-19 infections in SRM and Chile underestimated the real number of positives and showed a delay of about a month in the dynamics of infections. This is not an isolated situation, as it is known to have been the case in other countries as well. However, it is important to have reliable estimates for a correct modeling of the spread of the virus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000049/pdfft?md5=7bcb116adde386e16feaee75691a2bde&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139738411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diseño de la evaluación de los grupos socioeducativos para hombres en atención primaria","authors":"Antonio Iáñez-Domínguez ,&nbsp;María Soledad Palacios-Gálvez ,&nbsp;Elena Morales-Marente ,&nbsp;Violeta Luque-Ribelles","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Public Health System of Andalusia develops the Socio-Educational Groups Strategy (GRUSE), focused on promoting the health and emotional well-being of those who present somatic symptoms without organic cause in primary care health centers. This intervention began with groups of women and has been extended to groups of men, after verifying that the unemployment caused by the economic crisis, generated discomfort due to the loss of the “productive role”. A mixed methodology research has been designed to measure the effects of GRUSE in male participants. The quantitative design has longitudinal and quasi-experimental section, in which a battery of scales are used as instruments for collecting information. The qualitative design includes semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The objective of this article is to present the design of the research, with which it is expected to collect evidence of the impact of the intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000013/pdfft?md5=9bf6f90278d64e371c8773e7a821bbf6&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Políticas en salud laboral en personas trabajadoras mayores: análisis comparativo entre España y Chile","authors":"Cynthia Basualto-Cárcamo ,&nbsp;Nora Gray-Gariazzo ,&nbsp;Fernando G. Benavides","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze and compare the current Spanish and Chilean regulations regarding occupational risk prevention, regarding the existence of specific indications that protect the occupational health and safety of people over 55 years of age.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Qualitative study in which a documentary content analysis was carried out using ATLAS/ti. The sample was 88 regulatory documents on occupational risk prevention for Spain and Chile. The guidance of the European Agency for Safety at Work (EU-OSHA) regarding age-critical risks was followed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In global terms, 21.9% of the total Spanish documents analyzed show the explicit presence of considerations on aging, while for Chile this occurs in 9%. Both countries mention indications regarding ergonomic risks and noise. Shift work and psychosocial risks are considered only in Spain, while extreme temperatures, vibrations and geographical altitude appear exclusively in Chilean regulations. Neither country refers to issues inherent to working women (care responsibilities, menopause).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The Spanish regulations present a greater presence of indications on aging compared to the Chilean one. However, development in this area is insufficient in both countries. Chile and Spain have guides of recommendations, which are not mandatory, and their application is voluntary. This suggests that the prevention of occupational risks has a great pending challenge with people over 55 years of age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000293/pdfft?md5=caec459d5f8b4af0c45ac62c3c6ecb41&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140328518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The case against outsourcing from healthcare services","authors":"Benjamin Goodair,&nbsp;Aaron Reeves","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000098/pdfft?md5=762ed9a51942055178f5eb2eaa2ecc42&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000098-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139674792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La profesión de la salud pública en España: un reto urgente para fortalecer su práctica","authors":"Mireia Llimós ,&nbsp;Andreu Segura-Benedicto ,&nbsp;Fernando G. Benavides","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent health crises have highlighted the weakness of public health structures in Spain. The causes are, among others, the scarcity of economic resources and the delay in their institutional modernization. In addition, there is the weakness of the training processes and the employability. The Spanish Society of Public Health and Health Administration (SESPAS) has developed a White paper of the public health profession with the aim of contributing to strengthening professional practice. The sociodemographic characteristics of the associations federated to SESPAS have been described and the discourse of professionals has been analyzed through six focus groups and 19 interviews (72 people). To agree on the conclusions and recommendations, a meeting was organized with the participation of 29 participants. The demographic and employment data of the 3467 people belonging to seven SESPAS societies show that, overall, about 60% are women and 40% were under 50 years of age. Undergraduate degrees were medicine (35.9%), nursing (17.4%) and pharmacy and veterinary medicine (10.4%). Key aspects of the meaning of public health, training, employability and career and institutionalization of public health were collected through interviews and focus groups. The final meeting agreed on 25 conclusions and 24 recommendations that aim to contribute to strengthening professionals and the public health profession in Spain. Some of them, related to training, employability and professional career, have been shared in a workshop at the School of Public Health of Menorca with public health officials from the Ministry of Health and some autonomous communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000116/pdfft?md5=0e7f9a487c9d9a7e780b61a94ab5f72f&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000116-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139992413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respuesta a la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19 desde la perspectiva de género: lecciones aprendidas","authors":"Christian Llobera Ribera ,&nbsp;María Teresa Ruiz-Cantero ,&nbsp;Mar García-Calvente ,&nbsp;Gemma Torrell ,&nbsp;Diana González Bermejo ,&nbsp;Carmen Olmedo ,&nbsp;Emma Moatassim ,&nbsp;Amaia Bacigalupe","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To delve deeper from a gender perspective into the lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic to address future health crises.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Study with key informants with experience in public health and gender from the Ministerio de Sanidad, ministries of the autonomous communities, Institut Català de la Salut, Hospital de La Princesa, Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública and Universidad País Vasco. Source of information: individual open-ended questionnaire on health and health inequalities/gender inequalities related to COVID-19. After presenting the findings, the key informants group discussed them in a meeting until reaching a consensus on the lessons learned.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The lack of clinical statistics by sex could compromise epidemiological surveillance, losing the opportunity to characterize the disease. The performance of essential services fell more on women, exhausting them with double and triple shifts; with the differences according to sex in the clinical presentation of COVID-19, and the criteria for hospitalization/admission to the intensive care unit, their access to health care decreased. Increased: gender violence and mental health problems; delaying recognition of the second effects of vaccines in women; partially due to information biases in clinical trials. The gender perspective was lacking in academic, healthcare, and health management areas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Women's gender dimensions determined their higher frequency of COVID-19 and played a fundamental role in its control. Broadly considering the lessons learned will strengthen prevention systems and be able to provide effective responses to future health crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000050/pdfft?md5=7a5b7199cc9c011b33d9cafc1a7acc2e&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139738410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efecto de la igualdad de género en la mortalidad por enfermedades no transmisibles","authors":"Tannia Valeria Carpio-Arias ,&nbsp;Marta Guijarro-Garvi ,&nbsp;María Teresa Ruiz-Cantero","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Relate gender inequalities with the probability of mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCD), in the countries of the world from the year 2000 to 2019, to detect the progress of Target 3.4 of the Sustainable Development Goal 3, to reduce NCD by one third between the ages of 30 and 70 by 2030.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Exploratory ecological study on the association between the probability of death from NCD and the gender inequality index (GII) at the global level in 2000, 2015 and 2019. Logistic regression estimation of the risk of not being on track to meet Target 3.4 by 2019 by gender inequality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean probability of death from NCD decreased progressively in all countries. Median 2000/2015/2019: women 20.20/16.58/16; men 26.59/22.45/21.88; total 23.14/20.10/19.23. The risk of not achieving the goal in 2019 is greater in countries with a lower GII than in countries with a higher GII (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.14–3.99; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018), being the higher risk in women (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.40–5.06; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.003) than in men (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.44–3.98; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.017).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The risk of deaths from NCD has decreased in both sexes in all countries of the world since the year 2000; but progress is slow, so the greater gender inequality in the countries, there is a greater risk of not achieving the reduction needed to comply with the agreement to reduce mortality from NCD by one third in 2030; this risk being greater in women than in men.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911124000165/pdfft?md5=b077f0c18bcd1e73f3129e5c4dd47c40&pid=1-s2.0-S0213911124000165-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139908036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolución de la presencia de mujeres en los órganos de decisión del Sistema Nacional de Salud en España","authors":"Christian Gil-Borrelli ,&nbsp;Blanca Obón Azuara ,&nbsp;M. Ángeles Rodríguez-Arenas ,&nbsp;Elisa Chilet Rosell ,&nbsp;Pello Latasa Zamalloa ,&nbsp;en nombre del Grupo de Trabajo sobre Género, Diversidad Afectivo-Sexual y Salud de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To examine the presence of women in the organs of the Interterritorial Council of the Spanish National Health System (CISNS).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Annual reports of the CISNS from 2005 to 2022 were analyzed. Artificial intelligence was used to assign gender, and percentages of women's participation were calculated. Temporal evolution, vertical segregation, and horizontal segregation were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Between 2005 and 2022, there were 14,308 participations in 85 organs, with 52% women, rising from 42% in 2005 to 61% in 2022. There was a higher participation of women in propositional organs (54%), followed by executive ones (50%), and plenary sessions (40%). The General State Administration had 61% women compared to 48% in autonomous communities. Women's participation varied by topic, being higher (82%) in gender violence and lower (35%) in inspection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although there is a slight reduction in the participation gap between women and men, inequalities persist. Women have less presence in higher hierarchical levels (plenary sessions), maintaining vertical segregation. Additionally, women's representation in certain topics remains low, maintaining horizontal segregation. Concrete actions must be taken to continue advancing equality and improving health outcomes in society as a whole.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S021391112400058X/pdfft?md5=5746d0c0b1f71379685449b22c5354f7&pid=1-s2.0-S021391112400058X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open access and data sharing in cancer stem cells research","authors":"Rut Lucas-Domínguez ,&nbsp;Antonio Vidal-Infer ,&nbsp;Adolfo Alonso-Arroyo ,&nbsp;Beatriz Tarazona-Álvarez ,&nbsp;Máxima Bolaños-Pizarro ,&nbsp;Vanessa Paredes-Gallardo","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Understanding and targeting cancer stem cells (CSC) are areas of active research in oncology and further dissemination of scientific results is urgently needed to accelerate the comprehension of their involvement in tumor heterogeneity, resistance to conventional therapies and metastasis. In the context of open science, open access and data sharing, the aim of this study is to assess the current practices of cancer researchers in terms of publications and dissemination of research data.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A bibliometric study was conducted based on a bibliographic search using the Web of Science, and CSC articles with at least one Spanish affiliation were retrieved. A comparative study of the openness criteria of the journals was carried out, as well as an analysis of the associated data attached to the articles as supplementary material or deposited in repositories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>708 documents from 282 journals were retrieved. 303 articles contained associated research data, mostly published in Q1 journals, demonstrating a correlation between impact journals and their commitment to quality improvement. Supplementary material was the preferred method of data sharing, being pdf the most used file type. Only 69 articles mentioned datasets deposited in repositories, mainly from genomic nature. The main cancers studied were digestive and gastrointestinal, neurological, breast, hematological and respiratory, which coincided with the tumor types with the highest incidence and mortality, and in which the presence of CSC has been described.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Researchers and publishers have become more aware of open science practices, but there is still a need for data quality according to the FAIR principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reformas de atención primaria en América Latina: avances en Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Perú","authors":"Lucero A. Juárez Herrera y Cairo ,&nbsp;Mercedes Carrasco-Portiño ,&nbsp;María Sofía Cuba-Fuentes ,&nbsp;Leila Posenato García ,&nbsp;Clara Bermúdez-Tamayo ,&nbsp;Valeria Pérez-Muto","doi":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the 1990s, structural reforms have been initiated in Latin America, with varying degrees of success. One of their main objectives has been to transform health systems, with an emphasis on strengthening primary health care (PHC). This implies promoting a comprehensive and cohesive approach, reducing fragmentation in the provision of services, improving coordination between the different levels of care, and ensuring better quality of care. The purpose of this article is to briefly reflect on the initiatives and reforms related to the implementation of PHC in recent years in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. These countries have had structural and historical differences between their PHC reforms, as well as some common characteristics. Despite the heterogeneity between the countries analyzed, there are common challenges to achieve universal access and equity in health. The reforms and programs implemented have recognized the importance of PHC as a central axis to improve access and reduce health inequities. Although different models of PHC have been designed, most share comprehensive, preventive and health-promoting approaches, with an emphasis on community participation. However, recent challenges accentuated by the pandemic have revealed the fragilities of PHC in these countries. To achieve effective and equitable universal access, greater political commitment, strong intersectoral initiatives, training and retention of PHC professionals, and sustainable financing mechanisms will be crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12494,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Sanitaria","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 102430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}