Frontiers in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The promise and limitations of artificial intelligence in CTPA-based pulmonary embolism detection.","authors":"Lin Li, Min Peng, Yifang Zou, Yunxin Li, Peng Qiao","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1514931","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1514931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is an essential diagnostic tool for identifying pulmonary embolism (PE). The integration of AI has significantly advanced CTPA-based PE detection, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. This review investigates the growing role of AI in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism using CTPA imaging. The review examines the capabilities of AI algorithms, particularly deep learning models, in analyzing CTPA images for PE detection. It assesses their sensitivity and specificity compared to human radiologists. AI systems, using large datasets and complex neural networks, demonstrate remarkable proficiency in identifying subtle signs of PE, aiding clinicians in timely and accurate diagnosis. In addition, AI-powered CTPA analysis shows promise in risk stratification, prognosis prediction, and treatment optimization for PE patients. Automated image interpretation and quantitative analysis facilitate rapid triage of suspected cases, enabling prompt intervention and reducing diagnostic delays. Despite these advancements, several limitations remain, including algorithm bias, interpretability issues, and the necessity for rigorous validation, which hinder widespread adoption in clinical practice. Furthermore, integrating AI into existing healthcare systems requires careful consideration of regulatory, ethical, and legal implications. In conclusion, AI-driven CTPA-based PE detection presents unprecedented opportunities to enhance diagnostic precision and efficiency. However, addressing the associated limitations is critical for safe and effective implementation in routine clinical practice. Successful utilization of AI in revolutionizing PE care necessitates close collaboration among researchers, medical professionals, and regulatory organizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1514931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization of fluorescent gold nanoparticles throughout the eye after topical administration.","authors":"Gabrielle Raîche-Marcoux, Sébastien Méthot, Ange Tchatchouang, Camille Bettoli, Cloé Maranda, Alexis Loiseau, Stéphanie Proulx, Patrick J Rochette, Emilie Genin, Élodie Boisselier","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1557611","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1557611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human eye is a highly intricate sensory organ. When a condition requiring treatment occurs, eyedrops, which represent 90% of all ophthalmic treatments, are most frequently used. However, eyedrops are associated with low bioavailability, with less than 0.02% of therapeutic molecules reaching the anterior chamber. Thus, new delivery systems are required to ensure sufficient drug concentration over time at the target site. Gold nanoparticles are a promising avenue for drug delivery; however, they can be difficult to track in biological systems. Fluorescent gold nanoparticles, which have the same ultrastability and biocompatibility as their nonfluorescent counterpart, could act as an effective imaging tool to study their localization throughout the eye after administration. Thus, this study (1) synthesized and characterized fluorescent gold nanoparticles, (2) validated similar properties between nonfluorescent and fluorescent gold nanoparticles, and (3) determined their localization in the eye after topical application on <i>ex vivo</i> rabbit eyes. The fluorescent gold nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized, and identified in the cornea, iris, lens, and posterior segment of rabbit eyeballs, demonstrating tremendous potential for future drug delivery research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1557611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing gastric cancer risk using the OLGA and OLGIM systems in Republic of Moldova.","authors":"Adriana Botezatu, Radu-Alexandru Farcas, Simona Grad, Dan-Lucian Dumitrașcu, Nicolae Bodrug, Massimo Rugge","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1563889","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1563889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric cancer is still an important public health problem. Efforts have been made to lower its prevalence globally. The Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) and operating link for gastric intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM) histological grading systems have been proposed to identify individuals with types of gastritis that have the potential to become malignant.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Our study was conducted to assess the value of OLGA and OLGIM systems in the diagnosis of gastric precancerous lesions, in the Moldovan population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective study, 142 consecutive patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) from a larger group of patients referred to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms or gastric cancer screening was investigated. The sample was divided into three groups: (a) CAG without intestinal metaplasia and gastric dysplasia; (b) CAG with intestinal metaplasia; (c) CAG with gastric dysplasia according to the morphological type of the lesion. GastroPanel biomarkers were correlated with OLGA and OLGIM stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a direct, moderate and statistically significant correlation between types of CAG and OLGA stages (<i>p</i> < 0.001), a direct, weak and statistically significant correlation between forms of chronic atrophic gastritis and OLGIM stages (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A statistically significant reduction in Pepsinogen I and the Pepsinogen-I/Pepsinogen-II ratio was observed alongside an increase in the stages of the OLGA and OLGIM systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OLGA and OLGIM systems are useful tools in diagnosing CAG. This is the first study assessing the use of this systems in the Moldovan population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Delirium in older persons.","authors":"Paolo Mazzola, Kevin N Hascup","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1587624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1587624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1587624"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A correlation study of serum tumor markers with systemic lupus erythematosus-associated interstitial lung disease.","authors":"Xing He, Jiaqi Ji, Ting Zhou, Zeli Luo, Siyu Fang, Xixi Chen, Chi Liu, Haiying Yan, Lu Guo","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1558702","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1558702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus-associated interstitial lung disease (SLE-ILD) is a pulmonary manifestation of SLE. Currently, serum biomarkers for early identification of SLE-ILD are lacking. Our study aimed to investigate the correlation and clinical significance of serum tumor markers (TMs) in patients with SLE-ILD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records from SLE patients between January 2017 and November 2023. We compared the differences in serum levels of TMs including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA125, CA15-3, and CA19-9), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), cytokeratin-19-fragment (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and ferritin (FER), between SLE-ILD and SLE patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 386 SLE patients were enrolled in this study, comprising 64 individuals with SLE-ILD. Compared with SLE group, SLE-ILD group exhibited higher serum levels of CEA, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, SCC, CYFRA21-1, and FER. Multivariate regression indicated that age (OR = 1.038, 95% CI = [1.004, 1.074]), CA15-3 (OR = 1.099, 95% CI = [1.039, 1.162]), and CA19-9 (OR = 1.032, 95% CI = [1.005, 1.059]) were associated factors for SLE-ILD (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Serum levels of CA15-3 demonstrated good diagnostic value with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.72; furthermore, combining age with serum levels of CA19-9 and CA15-3 presented enhanced diagnostic performance as reflected by an AUC = 0.80 (95% CI = [0.73, 0.86]). Serum levels of SCC and CYFRA21-1 moderately positively correlated with serum creatinine levels (<i>r</i> = 0.562 and 0.713, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum levels of CA125, CA15-3, and CA19-9 could act as associated markers for SLE-ILD. Serum SCC, CYFRA21-1 and FER levels may also be linked to kidney involvement in SLE-ILD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1558702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global hotspot and trend of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for pulmonary embolism.","authors":"Wei Wang, Jianyu Ji, Lin Han, Jing Pang, Li Mo, Fang Liu, Yamin Gao, Bin Xiong, Shulin Xiang","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1531716","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1531716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted support for pulmonary embolism (PE) has been increasing, yet no systematic bibliometric analysis has been conducted. This study evaluates global research trends in this field by analyzing countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant articles and reviews published up to August 15, 2023, were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used for bibliometric analysis of collected data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Publications on ECMO-assisted support for PE surged from 2015 to 2023, comprising 82.7% (306/370) of total studies. The United States, Germany, and China contributed 62.97% (233/370) of the research. <i>Perfusion-UK</i> had the most publications, while <i>Journal of the American College of Cardiology</i> was the most cited journal. The University of Maryland, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School were the leading institutions. Chetan Pasrija published the highest number of papers, while Konstantinidis SV was the most co-cited author. Research hot spots include: (1) ECMO management and survival rates, (2) combined treatments with thrombolysis or surgical thrombectomy, (3) anticoagulation and clot formation, and (4) ECMO support in COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study aims to increase awareness of research hot spots on ECMO-assisted support for PE by determining the collaboration and impact of authors, countries, institutions, and journals. In addition, it comprehensively reviews research trends on ECMO regarding PE. It also provides a reference for potential collaborators, institutions, and future research prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1531716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung function of tuberculosis patients after completion of treatment in Sidama, South Ethiopia.","authors":"Endrias Markos Woldesemayat, Jaime H Vera, Clea Tanner, Alemu Tamiso, Amare Assefa, Yohannes Markos Woldesenbet","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1451861","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1451861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lung function impairment are commonly reported after treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to examine lung function parameters among adults who have undergone treatment for pulmonary TB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in eight rural communities of Dale district of Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia. The post-TB group were smear-positive TB patients who successfully completed TB treatment between 2010 and 2021, while controls were selected from the neighbors of these participants with no documented history of TB. Lung function tests were conducted using a portable spirometer, and pulmonary symptoms were assessed using the Saint Georges Respiratory Questionnaire. Obstructive pulmonary impairment was defined as the ratio of FEV1/FVC below 70% and restrictive impairment was defined as having a normal FEV1/FVC ratio with a low FEV₁. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25 statistical package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 167 TB cases and 156 controls in the study. The median (IQR) was 38 (21) years for cases and 35 (21.75) years for controls. The median (IQR) time after completion of TB treatment was 24 (31.75) months for the TB cases. A higher proportion of post-TB participants (101/167 (60.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 52.9-67.6%)) than controls (63/156 (40.4%; 95% CI, 33.0-48.2%)) had obstructive impairment, <i>p</i> = 0.01. Thirty eight (22.8; 95% CI, 17.1-29.7) post-TB participants and 39 (25.0%; 95% CI, 18.9-32.3%) controls had restrictive impairment; <i>p</i> = 0.3. Post-TB participants had high risk of obstructive pulmonary impairment (adjusted hazards ratio [aOR], 2.1; 95% CI, 1.3-3.3) and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases symptoms scores (aOR, 73.0; 95% CI, 35.3-151.2). BMI was associated with obstructive impairment, (aOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.6) and the post-TB participants had increased risk of any impairment (aOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Post-TB participants had greater risk of pulmonary impairment and respiratory symptoms. Post-TB treatment follow-up care is suggested to quickly identify and manage pulmonary impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1451861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic chilblain: a case series from Injibara General Hospital, Ethiopia.","authors":"Alemu Bezabih Tegegnie, Tamiru Alene, Meaza Molla Sineshaw","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1564283","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1564283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Idiopathic chilblains are inflammatory lesions on the skin that typically appear after being in a cold, wet environment. The condition manifests itself as burning, soreness, and pruritis in the extremities (fingers and toes), usually occurring 12 to 24 h following a triggering event. Conservative measures are the mainstay of treatment for idiopathic chilblain; however pharmaceutical therapy may be necessary in cases that are severe or persistent. This is the only case series in Ethiopia concerning idiopathic chilblain.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>From June to August of 2024, 12 individuals in the dermatology department of Injibara General Hospital in Ethiopia were diagnosed with idiopathic chilblain. Nine (or 75%) of these patients were women. This study's mean age at diagnosis was 23.2 years (range: 3-55 years). All cases presented with itching sensations and/or pain. Only a few patients presented with swelling and color change during cold exposure. One patient presented with ulceration involving the tip of the digits. Most patients were prescribed clobetasol propionat and oral nifedipine. Others were treated with only topical corticosteroids, and few refused any medical treatment. All patients were counseled to avoid cold and keep extremities warm. Only one patient has persistent disease and the rest have completely improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the current study, young women were the group most frequently impacted by idiopathic chilblain. Idiopathic chilblain in Ethiopia is underreported, necessitating comprehensive studies involving larger patient numbers and a focus on prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and psychosocial impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1564283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In</i> <i>vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> analyses of surface whitening in hydrophobic trifocal intraocular lenses.","authors":"Margarita Cabanás, Jorge Navalón, Rafael Luchena, William Lee, Alejandro Cerviño","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1518707","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1518707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transparency loss due to the whitening of trifocal hydrophobic intraocular lenses (IOLs) is a rare but poorly understood phenomenon. This study investigates its characteristics, underlying mechanisms, and clinical impact to determine its relevance for patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A clinical and laboratory analysis was conducted on affected IOLs. Two patients with bilateral trifocal IOL implantation, where one eye exhibited whitening, underwent visual performance testing, light distortion assessment, optical coherence tomography, Scheimpflug imaging, and patient-reported outcome evaluations. An explanted IOL was examined using microscopic and optical bench methods, and attempts were made to replicate the whitening process <i>in vitro</i> using unused control lenses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical findings showed that IOL whitening had minimal impact on visual acuity and light distortion, with no significant impairment reported in patient-reported outcomes. Imaging and laboratory analysis suggested that whitening is caused by subsurface nanoglistening (SSNG), a previously unreported phenomenon in this IOL material. The modulation transfer function of the affected IOLs remained comparable to control lenses, and <i>in vitro</i> attempts to induce whitening were unsuccessful.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study provides the first evidence of SSNG in this hydrophobic IOL material, demonstrating that while whitening can occur, its clinical significance is generally low. Given the predominantly subjective nature of symptoms, management should be individualized, with explantation decisions made in close consultation with the patient. These findings contribute to a better understanding of IOL material stability and patient counseling in cases of transparency loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1518707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing ophthalmology students' awareness of retinitis pigmentosa: assessing the efficacy of ChatGPT in AI-assisted teaching of rare diseases-a quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Jiamu Zeng, Kexin Sun, Peng Qin, Shulin Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1534294","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1534294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a rare retinal dystrophy often underrepresented in ophthalmology education. Despite advancements in diagnostics and treatments like gene therapy, RP knowledge gaps persist. This study assesses the efficacy of AI-assisted teaching using ChatGPT compared to traditional methods in educating students about RP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 142 medical students randomly assigned to control (traditional review materials) and ChatGPT groups. Both groups attended a lecture on RP and completed pre- and post-tests. Statistical analyses compared learning outcomes, review times, and response accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups significantly improved in post-test scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but the ChatGPT group required less review time (24.29 ± 12.62 vs. 42.54 ± 20.43 min, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The ChatGPT group also performed better on complex questions regarding advanced RP treatments, demonstrating AI's potential to deliver accurate and current information efficiently.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ChatGPT enhances learning efficiency and comprehension of rare diseases like RP. A hybrid educational model combining AI with traditional methods can address knowledge gaps, offering a promising approach for modern medical education.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1534294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}