Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Case Report: Type A invasive thymoma with renal metastasis.","authors":"Xiao-Xia Wang, Xiao-Dong Zhao, Ming Wang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1448753","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1448753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thymomas are rare malignancies originating from the epithelial cells of the thymus, typically presenting in the anterior mediastinum. Despite their indolent nature and slow growth, thymomas have the potential to metastasize to various organs, including the lungs, bones, and liver. However, renal metastasis is exceedingly rare. This case reported the details a 65-year-old male diagnosed with invasive thymoma (Type A, Masaoka stage IV) with renal metastasis seven years after the initial diagnosis. The patient underwent laparoscopic-assisted radical nephrectomy, followed by chemotherapy. The case demonstrated the potential for long-term survival among patients with advanced stages of thymoma when managed with a multidisciplinary approach, and underscored the need for monitoring extrathoracic metastases during the follow-up of patients with thymomas, thereby improving early detection and survival of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1448753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor gene expression signatures associated with outcome in large B-cell lymphoma treated with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel).","authors":"Yuan Tian, Justin Budka, Frederick L Locke, Jason R Westin, Christina To, Gayatri Tiwari, Daqin Mao, Davide Bedognetti, Rhine R Shen, Jorge Andrade, Simone Filosto","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1519473","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1519473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>CAR T cell therapy provided transformative outcomes for patients with B-cell lymphoma; however, a large fraction of patients remains at risk for relapse, underlying the need to uncover mechanisms of resistance and predictive biomarkers. Herein, we leveraged the ZUMA-7 phase III randomized trial of relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) patients treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel; CD19-targeting CAR T cells) to discover tumor gene expression signatures (GES) associated with outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With tumor transcriptomics from 134 axi-cel patients, we employed multivariate penalized Cox models analyzing event-free survival (EFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and duration of response (DOR).</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>We identified two novel GES, a six-gene/transcript signature (6-GES; CD19, CD45RA, CCL22, KLRK1, SOX11, SIGLEC5) correlated with improved outcome after axi-cel (HR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16-0.44 for EFS), representing lymphomas with abundant target antigen (CD19) expression, adhesion molecules, and relatively low immune infiltration mostly composed of cytotoxic lymphocytes (T and NK cells) and DCs, and secondly, a 17-gene/transcript signature (17-GES; CD45RO, BCL2, IL-18R1, TNFSF4 [OX40L], KLRB1 [CD161], KIR3DL2, ITGB8, DUSP5, GPC4, PSMB5, RPS6KB1, SERPINA9, NBN,GLUD1, ESR1, ARID1A, and SLC16A1) correlated with disease progression after axi-cel (HR: 6.12, 95% CI: 3.57-10.50 for EFS), consistent with high immune inflammation and escape mechanisms, such as the upregulation of genes involved in repair of damaged DNA or chromatin remodeling, inhibition of apoptosis, and a metabolically restrictive environment. These signatures did not correlate with outcome in the standard-of-care arm of ZUMA-7 (chemotherapy, followed by transplant) or frontline therapy, supporting their predictive rather than prognostic value. The findings were technically reproduced in a subset of ZUMA-7 samples profiled by RNA-seq (axi-cel, n=124; SOC, n=125). The 6-GES was reduced, whereas the 17-GES was elevated at progression post axi-cel, consistent with the notion that these signatures represent features relevant for response and resistance to CAR T-cell therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our transcriptomic analysis identified gene expression signatures potentially predictive of outcome with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy, and these findings are informative for risk stratification and development of next-generation products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1519473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and therapeutic direction of HER2 low-expression breast cancer.","authors":"Linlin Zhou, Yinghui Zhang, Jiayu Zhang, Hongyu Wang, Bozhi Zhao, Yixin Cai, Yuansong Qu, Xinxin Li, Dongwei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1484103","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1484103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the oncogenic drivers of breast cancer and is often used as a definitive therapeutic marker for breast cancer. This has led to significant improvements in both targeted therapy and prognosis for HER2-targeted breast cancer. Due to the differences in HER2 gene and protein expression levels, they are clinically classified into HER2 zero-expression breast cancer, low-expression breast cancer and high-expression breast cancer. Among them, HER2 low-expression is considered a special expression state, which is insensitive to conventional anti-HER2 therapy and has a poorer prognosis and thus has received attention from researchers. Some studies demonstrate that patients with HER2 low-expression can benefit from antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). Several studies are currently exploring the efficacy of various ADC drugs in breast cancer with HER2 low-expression, opening up new treatment avenues for patients with HER2 low-expression breast cancer. This review aims to summarize the clinical features of HER2 low-expression breast cancer and the recent advances in its therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1484103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of mouse xenograft tumor model using patient-derived cancer organoids for clinical drug development.","authors":"Hisataka Ogawa, Keiichi Yoshida, Shinichiro Hasegawa, Hiroshi Wada, Masayoshi Yasui, Hideaki Tahara","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1485886","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1485886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> preclinical examinations of cancer cell lines are performed to determine the effectiveness of new drugs before initiating clinical trials. However, there is often a significant disparity between the promising results observed in preclinical evaluations and actual outcomes in clinical trials. Therefore, we hypothesized that this inconsistency might be due to the differences between the characteristics of cell lines and actual cancers in patients. Therefore, we screened drugs for bile duct cancer to test our hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established patient-derived cancer organoids (PDCOs) from the surgical samples of patients with bile duct cancer and conducted multiple <i>in vitro</i> drug screening tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified proteasome inhibitors (Bortezomib and Carfilzomib) as promising drugs in the screening. Bortezomib has demonstrated a significant antitumor effect on bile duct cancer cell-derived xenografts, as previously reported in preclinical trials. However, although Bortezomib showed significant proliferation inhibition in PDCOs in three-dimensional culture <i>in vitro</i>, it did not exhibit significant anti-tumor effects in mouse xenograft tumor models using our PDCOs. Bile duct cancer cell-line-derived xenografts are characterized by structurally uniform, irregular glandular structures surrounded by simple and sparse stromal components. However, organoid-derived xenografts exhibit a spectrum of differentiation levels within irregular glandular structures and consist of a complex and rich stromal microenvironment similar to those observed in surgical specimens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that <i>in vivo</i> studies using PDCO xenograft tumor models may be more suitable than conventional mouse tumor models for determining the clinical development of drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1485886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment of rare peripheral nerve lesions: long-term outcomes and quality of life.","authors":"Andrija Savić, Milan Lepić, Jovan Grujić, Aleksa Mićić, Aleksandra Stojiljković, Gunna Hutomo Putra, Andrej Terzić, Lazar Vujić, Lukas Rasulić","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1476019","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1476019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rare peripheral nerve lesions comprise a histologically diverse group of neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities, characterized by infrequent occurrence and variable clinical presentations, presenting significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study presents eight cases of surgically treated rare peripheral nerve lesions with previously unreported long-term outcomes involving quality of life (QOL) assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records from 2012 to 2022 to identify surgically treated cases of rare peripheral nerve lesions, selecting eight cases based on determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Long-term outcomes and QOL were assessed 12 months post-surgery by patient examination, control imaging and self-reporting questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 4 benign (hemangioblastoma, angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, endometriosis (n=2)) and 4 malignant lesions (NTRK-rearranged spindle cell neoplasm, lymphoma, metastatic breast carcinoma (n=2)). Even though benign lesions generally presented with better outcomes, this was more closely related with level of nerve invasion and postoperative sequele, rather than presence of malignancy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Because of a global lack of experience in handling such cases, this study aimed to present the cases we encountered in detail to serve as a basis for future literature reviews. The findings highlight the importance of individualized treatment strategies and long-term follow-up to optimize functional recovery and patient well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1476019"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis identifies a liquid-liquid phase separation-related subtypes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Peng-Lei Zhai, Meng-Min Chen, Qi Wang, Jing-Jun Zhao, Xiao-Mei Tang, Cui-Ni Lu, Jia Liu, Qin-Xin Yang, Ming-Liang Xiang, Qing-Hai Tang, Biao Gu, Shu-Ping Zhang, Si-Ping Tang, Da Fu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1509810","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1509810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Growing evidence indicates that abnormal liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) can disrupt biomolecular condensates, contributing to cancer development and progression. However, the influence of LLPS on the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients and its effects on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) are not yet fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to categorize patients with HNSCC based on LLPS-related genes and explored their multidimensional heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We integrated the transcriptomic data of 3,541 LLPS-related genes to assess the LLPS patterns in 501 patients with HNSCC within The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort. Subsequently, we explored the differences among the three LLPS subtypes using multi-omics analysis. We also developed an LLPS-related prognostic risk signature (LPRS) to facilitate personalized and integrative assessments and then screened and validated potential therapeutic small molecule compounds targeting HNSCC via experimental analyses.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>By analyzing the expression profiles of 85 scaffolds, 355 regulators, and 3,101 clients of LLPS in HNSCC, we identified three distinct LLPS subtypes: LS1, LS2, and LS3. We confirmed notable differences among these subtypes in terms of prognosis, functional enrichment, genomic alterations, TIME patterns, and responses to immunotherapy. Additionally, we developed the LPRS, a prognostic signature for personalized integrative assessments, which demonstrated strong predictive capability for HNSCC prognosis across multiple cohorts. The LPRS also showed significant correlations with the clinicopathological features and TIME patterns in HNSCC patients. Furthermore, the LPRS effectively predicted responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and facilitated the screening of potential small-molecule compounds for treating HNSCC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents a new classification system for HNSCC patients grounded in LLPS. The LPRS developed in this research offers improved personalized prognosis and could optimize immunotherapy strategies for HNSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1509810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Disease Burden and Prediction Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Attributable to Tobacco, Alcohol, and Obesity From 1990 to 2030.","authors":"Yuqi Deng, Yajie Wang, Jinsai Yang, Xinyu Luo, Jieya Qiu, Rou Long, Chaohui Zhang, Jiale Li, Guiyang Tang, Lili Chen, Jianhong Zuo","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1524308","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1524308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the highest in incidence and mortality rates globally. A significant portion of Colorectal cancer cases and deaths can be attributed to modifiable risk factors, with smoking, alcohol use, and high body mass index (BMI) being the three most prominent. However, the impact of these risk factors on Colorectal cancer across regions, genders, and age groups remains insufficiently characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, restrictive cubic splines (RCS) and quantile regression analyses are applied to explore the relationship between the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and ASMR or ASDR. Additionally, gender differences, changes across different SDI levels, and age group trends in smoking, alcohol use, and high BMI over the 30-year period are analyzed. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model is employed to predict mortality trends from 2020 to 2030, aiming to explore the epidemiological and sociodemographic transitions in the Colorectal cancer disease burden attributed to smoking, alcohol use, and high BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2019, the number of colorectal cancer deaths globally attributable to risk factors as smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity increased to 142,931, 52,495, and 85,882 cases respectively, collectively accounting for approximately one-third of all Colorectal cancer-related deaths. Notably, there is an upward trend in early-onset Colorectal cancer mortality associated with these factors.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To reduce the burden of Colorectal cancer, it is recommended to enhance health education, promote smoking cessation and alcohol moderation, and increase the coverage and participation in Colorectal cancer screening, which are crucial for lowering Colorectal cancer mortality rates. These findings are vital for the development of public health policies and intervention measures to reduce the global disease burden. They provide guidance for Colorectal cancer prevention across different regions, genders, and age groups worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1524308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which specific modes of exercise training are most effective for breast related cancer fatigue? Network meta-analysis.","authors":"Ying Li, Jianhua Zhang, Di Hu, Lei Gao, Ting Huang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1491634","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1491634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine the impact of various exercise modalities on Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF) among breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A computerized search was conducted on databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Database up to October 2023. Selection criteria were applied to include or exclude studies, resulting in the inclusion of 65 articles for comparison of the effects of 12 distinct exercise interventions on individuals with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 65 studies used 12 different measures of exercise. Network meta results show that Compared with Other exercise (OE), Baduanjin exercise (BE), Qigong (QG), Control group (CG), Tai Chi (TC) improved significantly in CFR. The effect of Yoga (YG) on improving sleep quality is better than Control group (CG) and Baduanjin exercise (BE). Compared with Control group (CG), Tai Chi (TC) and Yoga (YG) are more beneficial to improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients. Tai Chi (TC) is better than Multimodal exercise (ME), Other exercise (OE), Baduanjin exercise (BE), Pilates exercise (PE), Yoga (YG), Qigong (QG), Dance exercise (DE), Qigong (QG) in improving depression in breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that Tai Chi demonstrates positive effects in ameliorating CRF, enhancing quality of life, and alleviating depressive symptoms among breast cancer patients. Moreover, yoga exhibits favorable effects in improving sleep quality in this patient group. Nevertheless, additional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted in the future to delve deeper into the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of these exercise interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1491634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI models for the identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Hind M AlOsaimi, Aseel M Alshilash, Layan K Al-Saif, Jannat M Bosbait, Roaa S Albeladi, Dalal R Almutairi, Alwaleed A Alhazzaa, Tariq A Alluqmani, Saud M Al Qahtani, Sara A Almohammadi, Razan A Alamri, Abdullah A Alkurdi, Waleed K Aljohani, Raghad H Alraddadi, Mohammed K Alshammari","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1424647","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1424647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) models in identifying prognostic and predictive biomarkers in lung cancer. With the increasing complexity of lung cancer subtypes and the need for personalized treatment strategies, AI-driven approaches offer a promising avenue for biomarker discovery and clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple electronic databases to identify relevant studies published up to date. Studies investigating AI models for the identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in lung cancer were included. Data extraction, quality assessment, and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing diverse AI methodologies and biomarker targets. AI models, particularly deep learning and machine learning algorithms demonstrated high accuracy in predicting biomarker status. Most of the studies developed models for the prediction of EGFR, followed by PD-L1 and ALK biomarkers in lung cancer. Internal and external validation techniques confirmed the robustness and generalizability of AI-driven predictions across heterogeneous patient cohorts. According to our results, the pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity of AI models for the prediction of biomarkers of lung cancer were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.72 - 0.82) and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.78 - 0.84).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis highlight the significant potential of AI models in facilitating non-invasive assessment of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in lung cancer. By enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding treatment selection, AI-driven approaches have the potential to revolutionize personalized oncology and improve patient outcomes in lung cancer management. Further research is warranted to validate and optimize the clinical utility of AI-driven biomarkers in large-scale prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1424647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of anlotinib and chemotherapy combination as neoadjuvant therapy in the treatment of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma: a case report.","authors":"Gai Liang, Qu Zhang, Yan Luo, Yuanhua Zhao, Bo Luo","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1507281","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1507281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary arterial intimal sarcoma (PAIS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor often associated with an unfavorable prognosis and lacks a standardized treatment approach to date. This report presents a notable case of PAIS treated with neoadjuvant therapy involving anlotinib concomitantly administered with chemotherapy of ifosfamide and pirarubicin, which resulted in a favorable outcome. A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with chest tightness, cough, and dyspnea, all of which had persisted for more than a week. Initial evaluation via chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a sizable posterior mediastinal tumor measuring 11.9 × 7.6 cm. A CT-guided biopsy was performed, and pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of PAIS. Efficacy evaluation showed slow progress after one cycle of chemotherapy with ifosfamide and pirarubicin. To enhance treatment outcomes, we incorporated anlotinib as a neoadjuvant therapy alongside ifosfamide and pirarubicin. Subsequent CT imaging demonstrated a significant reduction in tumor size, and the patient experienced notable alleviation of symptoms. The patient then underwent surgery, radiation, and subsequently, maintenance treatment with anlotinib for one year. No severe drug-related side effects were observed. The patient achieved progression-free survival of 25 months following administration of anlotinib. Thus, the combination of anlotinib with ifosfamide and pirarubicin demonstrated significant efficacy and safety. This approach holds promise as an effective therapeutic strategy for managing unresectable, locally advanced, or advanced PAIS. However, further clinical studies are necessary to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1507281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}