GastroHep最新文献

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and host genetic polymorphisms in a low gastric cancer incidence and high H pylori prevalence country","authors":"C. J. Rush, E. Hoosien, Nico J. P. Villiers, C. Clay, D. Metz, M. Setshedi, Sandie R. Thomson, D. Levin","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.488","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and host interleukin (IL) polymorphisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma (GCA), but have not been investigated together, in the South African context of low GCA incidence and high H pylori prevalence.","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"17 1","pages":"277 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78904562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of serum pepsinogens for atrophic gastritis in Myanmar","authors":"Myint N. Tun,&nbsp;Khin S. Aye,&nbsp;Than T. Aye","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.490","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a precancerous lesion of gastric cancer. This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of serum pepsinogens in Myanmar to diagnose CAG as non-invasive makers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study of 70 dyspeptic patients without red flag signs was recruited and performed endoscopy with mucosal biopsies. Histologic severity was assessed by Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) staging. Serum pepsinogens (PG I and PG II) were measured by ELISA Gastro Panel, Biohit Healthcare (Finland). Serum pepsinogens I/II ratio (PGR) was calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean (±SD) age of the study population was 52.57 (±16.33) years. The CAG was diagnosed in 61.4% of dyspeptic patients. The median values of PG I, PG II and PGR in dyspeptic patients were 114.5 ng/mL, 12.7 ng/mL and 9.5, respectively. The median values of PG I and PG II were significantly lower in patients with CAG (<i>P</i> = 0.006 and 0.029) but that of PGR was not significantly changed. Both PG I and PGR were reversely correlated with OLGA stages (<i>P</i> = 0.013 and 0.048). For the best discrimination of CAG, the cut-off values of PG I in Myanmar was ≤114 ng/mL (Sensitivity 55.8%, specificity 63%, accuracy 58.6% and AUC 0.59) and that of PGR was ≤9.5 (Sensitivity 55.8%, specificity 55.6%, accuracy 55.7% and AUC 0.56).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Either PG I or PGR is useful as a non-invasive biomarker for screening of CAG with moderate diagnostic accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"3 6","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ygh2.490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71974341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biliary stent placement without endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with common bile duct stones","authors":"A. Kyaw, T. Aye, K. Aye, Wai‐Phyo Aung, T. Win","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.487","url":null,"abstract":"To avoid the late complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) such as cholangitis, liver abscess and recurrent common bile duct stones (CBDS), alternative methods should be considered in the management of CBDS, especially in younger patients.","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"63 2","pages":"401 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72624205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cholecystectomy on bile acid diarrhoea biomarkers: A prospective clinical study","authors":"Christian Borup,&nbsp;Nora Hedbäck,&nbsp;Signe Wildt,&nbsp;Jüri J. Rumessen,&nbsp;Pierre Bouchelouche,&nbsp;Emilie Gauliard,&nbsp;Dominique Rainteau,&nbsp;Lars K. Munck","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.489","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pathophysiological mechanisms of bile acid diarrhoea after cholecystectomy are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effects of cholecystectomy on the plasma biomarkers of bile acid diarrhoea: fibroblast growth factor 19 and 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients were examined prospectively before and after cholecystectomy. Diary registration of bowel habits with the Bristol stool scale was done for 7 days before each visit. Blood was collected at fasting and after ingestion of a solid study meal with 1250 mg unconjugated chenodeoxycholic acid. Plasma fibroblast growth factor 19 was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the complete bile acid profile including 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighteen patients completed the study. The median postoperative follow-up time was 4.6 months (interquartile range [IQR] 3.9-5.8). Diary-registered bowel movement frequency and stool consistency were unchanged; none developed diarrhoea. Before cholecystectomy, mean fibroblast growth factor 19 was 102 pg/mL (95% CI 74-141) vs 92 pg/mL (67-125) after (<i>P</i> = .29; paired <i>t</i> test). Following the meal, the median 150-minute increment from fasting in fibroblast growth factor 19 was 81 pg/mL (IQR: −20 to 274) before and 186 pg/mL (111-382) after cholecystectomy (<i>P</i> = .03; Wilcoxon-test). Mean fasting 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one was unchanged 6.0 ng/mL (4.1-8.7) vs 7.5 ng/mL (5.5-10.0) (<i>P</i> = .63; paired <i>t</i> test).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The stimulated postprandial response in fibroblast growth factor 19 increased after cholecystectomy, whereas fasting plasma biomarkers and bowel habits did not change significantly 3-6 months after cholecystectomy. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03168555.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"3 5","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ygh2.489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71980323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and host genetic polymorphisms in a low gastric cancer incidence and high H pylori prevalence country","authors":"Colin J. Rush,&nbsp;Ebrahim Hoosien,&nbsp;Nico de Villiers,&nbsp;Cornelis Clay,&nbsp;David C. Metz,&nbsp;Mashiko Setshedi,&nbsp;Sandie R. Thomson,&nbsp;Dion A. Levin","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.488","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> virulence factors and host interleukin (IL) polymorphisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma (GCA), but have not been investigated together, in the South African context of low GCA incidence and high <i>H pylori</i> prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine, based on these factors, the potential for developing GCA in a local cohort with <i>H pylori-</i>associated dyspepsia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-nine patients underwent gastroscopy and biopsy. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-positive biopsies were analysed for virulence factors; cytotoxin-associated antigen (CagA) and vacuolating toxin (VacA) and mosaics (<i>Vac A</i> m1/m2, <i>Vac A</i> s1/s2 or combinations). Host DNA was analysed for targeted regions in <i>IL-1B</i> and <i>IL-1RN</i> genes, to determine polymorphisms of <i>IL-1B-511*T</i> and <i>IL-1RN</i> (variable number tandem repeat [VNTR]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age was 43 years (SD ±11.7), 66% were female. Forty-eight patients (60%) were <i>H pylori</i> positive, 50% (24/48) demonstrated a virulent organism and 42% (20/48) of these demonstrated the most virulent carcinogenic combination; <i>VacA</i> m1/s1 and <i>CagA</i>. <i>IL-1RN</i> VNTR was sequenced in 25 specimens and <i>IL-1B511</i> polymorphisms in 48 patients; the high-risk <i>IL-1B511</i> TT allele was present in 52% (25/48) and TC allele in 33% (16/48). Overall, 85% (41/48) of patients demonstrated high-risk genetic polymorphisms. The highest risk associated with GCA, a combination of <i>H pylori VacA</i>m1/s1 virulence factor and <i>IL-1B511</i> TT or TC allele, was demonstrated in 42% (20/48).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Almost half the patients have a combination of virulent <i>H pylori</i> and carcinogenic <i>IL</i> polymorphism. The implication of these observations on the risk of developing GCA requires further elucidation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"3 5","pages":"277-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ygh2.488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71958719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biliary stent placement without endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with common bile duct stones","authors":"Aye-Mya-Mya Kyaw,&nbsp;Than-Than Aye,&nbsp;Khin-San Aye,&nbsp;Wai-Phyo Aung,&nbsp;Thet-Mar Win","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.487","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To avoid the late complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) such as cholangitis, liver abscess and recurrent common bile duct stones (CBDS), alternative methods should be considered in the management of CBDS, especially in younger patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study the effect of biliary stent placement without EST in patients with CBDS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-nine patients with CBDS underwent biliary stent placement without EST and complications were evaluated. The rate of stone disappearance, the change in number, size and indices of stones and common bile duct (CBD) diameter were evaluated at the second endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) 3 months later.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CBDS(s) disappeared in 11 (22.45%) of 49 patients. Almost all of the stones which disappeared after stenting without EST were &lt;14 mm and CBD diameter &lt;18 mm. Average diameter of the largest CBDS, mean number of CBDS, stone index and CBD diameter markedly reduced (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001 and <i>P</i> = 0.001 respectively). The size of the largest stone, stone indices and diameter of CBD in the stone disappearance cases were significantly smaller than those of the stone persistence cases (<i>P</i> = 0.003, <i>P</i> = 0.006, <i>P</i> = 0.004 respectively). Complications such as mild post-ERCP pancreatitis (6.12%), stent migration (10.2%) and cholangitis (4.08%) were observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Temporary stent placement without EST is effective for clearance of CBDS while preserving the duodenal papilla function, especially in small CBDS and less dilated CBD to avoid EST related complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"3 6","pages":"401-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ygh2.487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71947845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High‐dose dual therapy and CYP2C19 polymorphism in Helicobacter pylori eradication","authors":"Tin Ma Ma Win, M. Htun, Win Phyu Phyu Myint, M. M. Aung, N. Ni","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.484","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori infect about 50% of the world's population. The efficacy of treatment using standard regimens has declined in recent years, mainly due to widespread development of antibiotic resistance. Use of enhanced acid suppression and antibiotics with lower risk to resistance, will shape the future of treatment for H pylori. High‐dose dual therapy (HDDT) can overcome the effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism thus enhancing acid suppression and may become an option in H pylori eradication.","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"6 1","pages":"379 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74414242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Helicobacter pylori infection by 14C urea breath test in asymptomatic adults: A pilot study in Kanbauk village tract","authors":"Aye Min Soe, Khun Nyi Nyi, Pann Ei San","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.485","url":null,"abstract":"As Helicobacter pylori infection is highly prevalent estimated to be affecting more than 50% of the world's populations and implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastric diseases including gastric cancer, early detection of infection even before symptoms appears to be one of the most important strategies in management. This study was aimed to detect infection by 14C urea breath test and to describe the risk factors in asymptomatic adults at Kanbauk village‐tract, located in Southern Myanmar. It was a community‐based, cross‐sectional prevalence study conducted between 4 and 9 October 2019. After thorough history taking, physical examination, obtaining informed consent, and fasting for 5 h, H pylori infection was detected by 14C urea breath testing. Among 149 volunteers, infection was detected in 68.46% of the study population. The prevalence of H pylori infection in male patients was 66.7% and in female patients was 75%. There was no statistically significant association between H pylori infection and gender (P = 0.36). The mean age of H pylori infected patients was 37.4 years (SD ± 9.14) and it did not differ significantly (P = 0.421). Subjects who never attended government school were found out to have a significant association with H pylori infection (P = 0.006). Other factors such as family income, household numbers, smoking, betel chewing habit, alcohol consumption, BMI and blood groups were found to be no significant risk factors for H pylori infection. The prevalence of H pylori in Kanbauk village tract was comparable to two different community studies conducted in Myanmar.","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"2023 1","pages":"359 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91317958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bismuth‐based quadruple therapy vs concomitant therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication—a real‐world experience","authors":"D. M. Thomas, K. Devadas","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.486","url":null,"abstract":"Both bismuth‐based quadruple therapy (BQT) and concomitant therapy (CCT) are first‐line regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication. We compared the efficacy and adverse effects of both regimens in day‐to‐day clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"226 1","pages":"388 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80139133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Helicobacter pylori infection by 14C urea breath test in asymptomatic adults: A pilot study in Kanbauk village tract","authors":"Aye Min Soe,&nbsp;Khun Nyi Nyi,&nbsp;Pann Ei San","doi":"10.1002/ygh2.485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ygh2.485","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is highly prevalent estimated to be affecting more than 50% of the world's populations and implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastric diseases including gastric cancer, early detection of infection even before symptoms appears to be one of the most important strategies in management. This study was aimed to detect infection by ¹⁴C urea breath test and to describe the risk factors in asymptomatic adults at Kanbauk village-tract, located in Southern Myanmar. It was a community-based, cross-sectional prevalence study conducted between 4 and 9 October 2019. After thorough history taking, physical examination, obtaining informed consent, and fasting for 5 h, <i>H pylori</i> infection was detected by ¹⁴C urea breath testing. Among 149 volunteers, infection was detected in 68.46% of the study population. The prevalence of <i>H pylori</i> infection in male patients was 66.7% and in female patients was 75%. There was no statistically significant association between <i>H pylori</i> infection and gender (<i>P</i> = 0.36). The mean age of <i>H pylori</i> infected patients was 37.4 years (SD ± 9.14) and it did not differ significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.421). Subjects who never attended government school were found out to have a significant association with <i>H pylori</i> infection (<i>P</i> = 0.006). Other factors such as family income, household numbers, smoking, betel chewing habit, alcohol consumption, BMI and blood groups were found to be no significant risk factors for <i>H pylori</i> infection. The prevalence of <i>H pylori</i> in Kanbauk village tract was comparable to two different community studies conducted in Myanmar.</p>","PeriodicalId":12480,"journal":{"name":"GastroHep","volume":"3 6","pages":"359-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ygh2.485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71987013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}