Frontiers in Marine Science最新文献

{"title":"Identifying spatiotemporal variations in four-spot megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) fishery nurseries to enhance management and stock assessment","authors":"Esther Abad, Francisco Izquierdo, Jorge Landa, Francisco Velasco, Manuel Hidalgo, Maria Grazia Pennino","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1545819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1545819","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe identification of recruitment areas and other essential fish habitats of exploited stocks is a fundamental requirement for the development of marine spatial planning and ecosystem conservation measures. Reducing recruitment mortality is particularly relevant on the northern continental shelf of the Iberian Peninsula and is one of the key prerequisites for the future sustainability of trawl fisheries.MethodsIn this study, the distribution of nursery areas of four-spot megrim (<jats:italic>Lepidorhombus boscii</jats:italic>) was analyzed using time series of scientific bottom trawl survey data to assess whether recruitment areas are persistent over time. Four environmental variables were considered as potential predictors of recruit distribution, as they may influence habitat selection by this species: sea bottom temperature, sea bottom salinity, bathymetry, and sediment type. Additionally in a second stage and based on the spatial findings during this work, the recruitment abundance index within the a4a stock assessment model currently used to provide scientific advice for this species was divided into two spatial areas.ResultsSpatial analyses revealed a specific depth preference for four-spot megrim recruits, with higher abundance in shallower waters, particularly within the 150 to 300 m depth range, respect deeper ones. More importantly, our findings showed significant spatial-temporal variability in four-spot megrim nursery areas. Furthermore, the results of the updated assessment model showed differences in biological reference points (BRPs) compared to the existing model.DiscussionThis suggests that static spatial management approaches may be ineffective due to environmental variability and underscoring the importance of incorporating spatial structure into the assessment process. This approach enables more accurate stock evaluations and more effective, sustainable management, thus laying the groundwork for a potential implementation of spatial stock assessment for this species.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The International Ice Charting Working Group: the first twenty-five years","authors":"John Falkingham","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1563900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1563900","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1999, the International Ice Charting Working Group (IICWG) has successfully worked as a forum for the operational ice services and helped them to better meet the needs of their national and international maritime clients through coordination and cooperation in data sharing, standards, training, product development, and research activities. The annual meeting has proven to be a valuable opportunity for the national ice services to meet, along with their partners and clients, to share information about new research developments, implementation successes and failures, and advances in ice information products and services. This paper presents a brief overview of the first twenty-five years of the IICWG, including its raison d’être, the history of its formation, its organization, and its accomplishments.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in sediments and marine organisms in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent areas, China","authors":"Enkang Wang, Jing Wang, Yonggen Sun, Jinxia Zhao, Zhiwei Zhang, Guoqiang Xu, Yongqiang Zhang, Daolai Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1560640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1560640","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionHeavy metal(loid)s (HMs) are widespread pollutants in marine ecosystems that are disseminated through natural and anthropogenic activities.MethodsTo ascertain the extent of HM in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent areas, the contents of seven HMs were determined in 103 surface sediments and 82 marine organisms collected in October 2022. The pollution status and potential ecological risks were analyzed and evaluated using various indicators.ResultsThe results showed that, apart from Hg, all other HMS in the surface sediments had similar spatial distributions and were mainly derived from natural sources. Hg had an anthropogenic source and showed a very high potential ecological risk in the old Yellow River estuary. The average HM concentrations in marine organisms were in the order of Zn &amp;gt; Cu &amp;gt; As &amp;gt; Cr &amp;gt; Cd &amp;gt; Pb &amp;gt; Hg. Except for As and Cu in fish—which exceeded the standard at some stations—all other standard indices met the corresponding biological quality standards. The target hazard coefficients for the seven HMs were in the order of Cu &amp;gt; Cd &amp;gt; As &amp;gt; Zn &amp;gt; Cr &amp;gt; Hg &amp;gt; Pb. The target hazard coefficient of a single HM in all marine biological samples was &amp;lt;1, indicating that a single HM had no significant negative effects. The <jats:italic>BSAF</jats:italic> values of Cd and Hg in crustaceans, and Cu, Cd, and Hg in mollusks and fish were all &amp;gt;1, suggesting that these three organism types accumulated Cu, Cd, and Hg from surface sediments.ConclusionThe findings of this study can serve as a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of HM pollution in the Yellow River Basin.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling arguments on national system reforms of marine protected areas by extractive marine users in three maritime countries","authors":"Takafumi Ohsawa","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1446357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1446357","url":null,"abstract":"All coastal states are expected to establish marine protected areas (MPAs) in line with international targets. For most, this will mean a radical increase in the amount of marine area protected in this way. In order to achieve effective MPAs, the opinions of stakeholders must be carefully considered. This article examines the views of marine extractive users (people engaged in fishery and mining industries) in three coastal countries, the United Kingdom, Canada, and New Zealand, using public comments submitted in response to recent proposals for new MPAs. Specifically, I focus on practically ideal size, duration, required information for regulation, burden of proof and post-designation monitoring of MPAs. Therefore, the gathered material was analyzed to capture views on four issues: 1) to what extents MPAs should target geographical and time scale?; 2) to what extents MPAs should conserve objects and regulate activities based on limited evidence?; 3) who should bear the burden of proof with respect to the environmental impact of regulated activities?; and 4) who and how monitoring and research on ecosystems should be done in MPAs? The study finds that some extractive users oppose the large geographic/temporal scales of MPAs especially when these are based on the application of the precautionary approach. Others accepted these but use them to argue that their own activities are environmentally insignificant. Further, the arguments of some extractive users in favor of their industrial use of MPAs are also considered. These views were commonly found across all three countries, indicating that users in countries committed to the MPA project hold views that challenge this commitment. These findings suggest that challenges to the achievement of MPA targets lie ahead but also suggest new avenues of research and potential solutions. The paper makes six proposals for adjusting the application of the precautionary approach and related targets and regulations. In all cases, my results reinforce the importance of dialogue with marine extractive users for effective MPA reforms at the national and international levels.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-enhanced real-time monitoring of marine pollution: part 1-A state-of-the-art and scoping review","authors":"Navya Prakash, Oliver Zielinski","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1486615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1486615","url":null,"abstract":"Marine pollution, especially from oil spills and litter, poses significant threats to marine ecosystems, aquaculture and fisheries. The proliferation of pollutants requires advanced monitoring techniques to enhance early detection and mitigation efforts. Artificial Intelligence revolutionizes environmental monitoring by enabling rapid and precise pollution detection using remote sensing and machine learning models. This review synthesizes 53 recent studies on Artificial Intelligence applications in marine pollution detection, focusing on different model architectures, sensing technologies and preprocessing methods. The most deployed models of Random Forest, U-Network, Generative Adversarial Networks, Mask Region-based Convolution Neural Network and You Only Look Once demonstrated high prediction rate for detecting oil spills and marine litter. However, challenges remain, including limited training datasets, inconsistencies in sensor data and real-time monitoring constraints. Future research should improve Artificial Intelligence model generalization, integrate multi-sensor data and enhance real-time processing capabilities to create more efficient and scalable marine pollution detection systems.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of IFT20 mediated by neuropeptide FILa1 in ciliary activity during larval settlement of Urechis unicinctus","authors":"Long Zhang, Wenqing Zhang, Wenyuan Lai, Zhi Yang, Dawei Lin, Zhengrui Zhang, Zhifeng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1575455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1575455","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundSettlement and metamorphosis are crucial developmental events in the life cycles of most marine benthic invertebrates. Neuropeptides play an important role in inducing larval settlement. However, studies on the ciliary genes and the few studies have examined the pathways regulated by neuropeptides during larval settlement.MethodsHere, we employed multiple molecular biology techniques to identify a ciliary gene, intraflagellar transport protein 20 (<jats:italic>IFT20</jats:italic>) which played a significant role in the larval settlement of <jats:italic>Urechis unicinctus</jats:italic> (Annelida, Echiura), and revealed the related gene pathway of <jats:italic>IFT20</jats:italic> expression regulated by FILa1, a neuropeptide unique to <jats:italic>U. unicinctus</jats:italic>.ResultsThe IFT20 protein of <jats:italic>U. unicinctus</jats:italic> was highly conserved with that of other animals and localized at the ciliary base in the trochophore and the segmentation larvae of <jats:italic>U. unicinctus</jats:italic>. It was determined that the neuropeptide FILa1 inhibits <jats:italic>IFT20</jats:italic> expression through the cAPM-PKA-CREB and Ca<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> pathways, which in turn triggers larval settlement. Knockdown the mRNA level of <jats:italic>IFT20</jats:italic> resulted in a reduction in the number of vesicles at the ciliary base, the β-tubulin protein synthesis, the number and length of cilia, and the beat frequency of the circumoral cilia. Finally, the settlement rate of the larvae in the <jats:italic>IFT20</jats:italic>-dsRNA group increased by 3.64 times and 2.88 times compared to the control group at 48 and 72 h, respectively.ConclusionOur findings provide new insights into the function of <jats:italic>IFT20</jats:italic> and the signaling pathways through which neuropeptides regulate ciliary gene expression during larval settlement.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on mariculture suitability assessment based on GIS – a case study of sea area in Lianyungang","authors":"Jinzhu Gao, Jian Ding, Taitian An, Xiao Yang","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1518897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1518897","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionIn the future, China's mariculture must maintain its scale and improve quality. Crucial measures for achieving this goal are to optimize the layout of sea areas for aquaculture, strengthen the suitability assessment of marine aquaculture, and delineate suitable areas.MethodsThis study aims to scientifically identify marine aquaculture zones suitable for marine spatial planning by constructing a comprehensive suitability assessment system, incorporating both natural and social factors. The weights of the evaluation indicators were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Taking the Lianyungang sea area as a case study, GIS technology was employed to analyze marine aquaculture suitability based on the proposed index system.ResultsThe results categorized the Lianyungang sea area into aquaculture zones with varying suitability levels: excellent, good, average, poor, and very poor. Based on these findings, the study further classified the area into three types of management zones: key, moderate, and limited mariculture zones.DiscussionIn order to provide better decision support services and take into account the matching with Marine spatial planning and double evaluation, it is necessary to classify the evaluation results to facilitate users to propose scientific and practical management measures in this paper. Based on the evaluation results of mariculture suitability in the research area, it is necessary to strengthen the protection and development of mariculture suitable areas by providing sufficient resources and maximizing development potential.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucopolysaccharides secreted by the sea slug Elysia crispata incorporate carbon via kleptoplast photosynthesis","authors":"Diana Lopes, Paulo Cartaxana, Sónia S. Ferreira, Maria Inês Silva, Margarida Nunes, Joana Barata, Cláudia Nunes, Sónia Cruz","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1580478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1580478","url":null,"abstract":"Some Sacoglossa sea slugs feed on macroalgae and sequester chloroplasts in the cells of their digestive diverticulum. In some species, mostly within the genus <jats:italic>Elysia</jats:italic>, the stolen chloroplasts – kleptoplasts – remain photosynthetically competent for weeks to months. These sea slugs, like other gastropods, produce a viscous secretion or mucus involved in protection, locomotion, and reproduction. In this study, we profiled the carbohydrate composition of the mucus of the kleptoplast-bearing sea slug <jats:italic>Elysia crispata</jats:italic> and tracked the incorporation of carbon and nitrogen via stolen chloroplasts. Mucopolysaccharides were mainly composed by uronic acids and galactose with 1→4 glycosidic linkages. Using inorganic <jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C-labelled sea water, incorporated carbon was found in the secreted mucus only in the presence of light, mainly in the form of 3-O-methylgalactose, galactose, and fucose. Inorganic <jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N in the sea water could be traced in the sea slug tissues and in the mucus in both dark and light, with slightly higher levels found under the latter condition. Results show that inorganic carbon was fixed through photosynthesis in the kleptoplasts of the digestive diverticula, translocated as organic carbon to other animal tissues and incorporated in the secreted mucopolysaccharides. The present study pinpoints the biological relevance of photosynthesis to the metabolism of these remarkable animal-chloroplast symbiotic associations.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature affects the sorption of trace metals by macro- and microplastics within marine intertidal sediments: insights from a long-term laboratory-based study","authors":"Tamara N. Kazmiruk, Juan José Alava, Eirikur Palsson, Leah I. Bendell","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1570114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1570114","url":null,"abstract":"Macro- and microplastics and trace metals are significant pollutants in the marine environment and have been reported in all ecosystems around the world. The process of sorption/desorption of trace metals by macro- and microplastics is influenced by various factors, including the morphological characteristics of macro- and microplastics, their adsorption capacity, and environmental conditions. This research provides and discusses laboratory experimental findings on the sorption of trace metals cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) by macro- and microplastics of polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) within two contrasting marine intertidal sedimentary environments with high and low organic matter content under conditions of constant temperatures (T=- 4.0°C, T=+ 4.0°C, and T=+18.0°C). Our aim is to determine the effect of temperature on trace metal sorption onto macro- and microplastics. Temperature alters the metals’ sorption by plastic by altering the rate of reaching equilibrium and equilibrium concentration, whereas constant temperature had only a minor influence on the partitioning of trace metals. Sediment organic matter influences sorption dynamics at all three temperatures T=- 4.0°C, T=+ 4.0°C, and T=+18.0°C. This study enhances our understanding of how temperature can effect trace metals-plastic particle interactions in the marine intertidal sedimentary environment providing insight as to conditions that will create the greatest threat to higher trophic levels by providing an additional vector of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exposure into benthic food webs.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the internal structure of a climbing dune. The case of the Valdevaqueros dune (Cádiz, Spain)","authors":"Inmaculada Rodríguez-Santalla, David Gomez-Ortiz, Juan J. Muñoz-Perez","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1568474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1568474","url":null,"abstract":"While the internal structure of transgressive dunes is relatively well understood, little is known about that of climbing dunes. The Valdevaqueros dune, located 10 kilometers northwest of Tarifa (Cádiz), is considered one of the largest and most active transgressive dunes in Europe, as well as one of the main climbing dunes of the Iberian Peninsula. This study analyzes the internal structure of the Valdevaqueros dune using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles. The results reveal a variety of sedimentary structures that reflect different wind intensities and directions. The findings highlight the significant role of topography in the development of these structures. These results contribute to expanding knowledge about climbing dunes, and particularly the dynamics of the Valdevaqueros dune.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}