Frontiers in Marine Science最新文献

{"title":"Investigating plankton size spectra, biomass, abundance, and community composition in the Subtropical Convergence Front in the Southern Ocean","authors":"Natalia Yingling, Karen E. Selph, Moira Décima, Karl A. Safi, Andrés Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Christian K. Fender, Michael R. Stukel","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1465125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1465125","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoplankton community structure is crucial to pelagic food webs and biogeochemical processes. Understanding size-based biomass distribution and carbon dynamics is essential for assessing their contributions to oceanic carbon cycling. This study quantifies plankton carbon (C) based size spectra, community composition, living to total particulate organic carbon (POC) and C:Chlorophyll <jats:italic>a</jats:italic> (C:Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic>) ratios across biogeographical provinces in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean near the Subtropical Front (Chatham Rise, Aotearoa-New Zealand). We analyzed phytoplankton community composition using epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, while quantifying size-fractionated Chl-<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> and POC to estimate normalized biomass, abundance size spectra, and C:Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> ratios. On average, subtropical-influenced waters had lower macronutrients, higher total Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> (1.1 ± 0.2 μg Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> L<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>) and were dominated by nanoplankton, which accounted for 45% of the total plankton community (35.2 ± 4.6 μg C L<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>). In contrast, picoplankton dominated plankton communities within the subantarctic-influenced and accounted for 35% of the total plankton community (18.5 ± 0.9 μg C L<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>) in these water with higher macronutrient concentrations and lower total Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> concentrations (0.32 ± 0.06 μg Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> L<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>). Subantarctic-influenced regions had steeper (more negative) slopes for the normalized biomass size spectrum (average = -1.00) compared to subtropical-influenced waters (average = -0.78) indicating greater relative dominance of small taxa. The subantarctic-influenced region had ~2-fold higher surface average C:Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> ratios compared to the subtropical-influenced region with picoplankton consistently having lower C:Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> ratios, due to low Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> values, than larger nano- or microplankton. Live plankton carbon contributed a median of 67% of total particulate organic carbon in the euphotic zone (non-living detritus comprises the remaining ~1/3), which is indicative of substantial primary production and rapid recycling by a strong microbial loop. Our study provides important insights into phytoplankton community structure, biomass distribution and their contribution to carbon sequestration in this region, highlighting the important roles of nanoplankton in subtropical productive waters and picoplankton in offshore subantarctic waters as well as a strong variation of C:Chl<jats:italic>a</jats:italic> across different phytoplankton size classes.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and driving mechanisms of mixing and stratification in Suances estuary using the potential energy anomaly budget equation","authors":"Jagoba Lupiola, Javier F. Bárcena, Javier García-Alba, Andrés García","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1531684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1531684","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental variability of rivers and tides create complex mixing patterns, which modulate the estuarine ecosystem services. Therefore, a thorough understanding of these systems is vital, not only for their protection but also for their recovery. This study first applies a method to analyze the different mechanisms driving the mixing and stratification of the water column in Suances estuary, a small estuary with large intertidal zones, by using numerical modeling to calculate the potential energy anomaly (ϕ) and its derivative (<jats:italic>ϕ<jats:sub>t</jats:sub></jats:italic>). Numerical results show that Suances estuary presents an ellipse of mixing and stratification variability driven by, firstly, the river flow (seasonal cycle – monthly time scale), secondly, the tidal phase (ebb-flood cycle – diurnal time scale) and, lastly, the tidal magnitude (spring-neap cycle – fortnightly time scale). Furthermore, these results explicitly highlight how the driving mechanisms can vary for the same estuary geometry at different locations due to diurnal, fortnightly and seasonal changes in forcing. The predominant driving mechanisms in Suances estuary are straining (S) tending to stratify the estuary, river and tide advection (A) tending to mix it and non-linear straining (N), caused by contributions from intertidal areas that favor mixing or stratification according to the tidal cycles. Additionally, a threshold was found between the potential energy anomaly and the depth of the water column, confirming that there are limiting values of the potential energy anomaly depending on the depth that can develop in the estuary. This is especially significant in small and shallow estuaries, since maximum values of the potential energy anomaly will be obtained as a function of depth.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use change projection and driving factors exploration in Hainan Island based on the PLUS model","authors":"Jiahui Liu, Yaoqi Hou, Fangyi Li, Binbin Zheng, Zeheng Chen, Fa Zheng, Xiaohai Zhang, Rui Yu","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1534508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1534508","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionLand resources play a vital role in national economic and social development. Hainan Province faces the challenge of balancing land use with conservation while striving to develop a high-quality free trade port. This study aims to analyze land use changes and their driving factors to support sustainable land use policies.MethodsThis study utilised the GlobeLand30 dataset, along with data on temperature, precipitation, the digital elevation model (DEM), slope, soil, gross domestic product (GDP), and population, to apply the Patch-generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) model. This model was used to analyse land use changes on Hainan Island from 2000 to 2020, to investigate the relationship between land use change and its driving factors.Results(1) During 2000~2020, forests and cultivated land were the predominant land use type, while wetlands and artificial surfaces increased by two times, and bare land remained stable; (2) Temperature significantly influenced cultivated land, forests, and grasslands, while GDP and population growth impacted water bodies and artificial surfaces; (3) The predicted land use map for 2020 achieved high accuracy (Kappa = 0.85); (4) By 2040, forests and cultivated land are expected to remain dominant, with grasslands and artificial surfaces decreasing, while wetlands and bare land are projected to increase.DiscussionThe study highlights the complex interactions between land use and its driving factors in Hainan. The findings provide valuable insights for sustainable land use policy development, balancing economic growth with ecological conservation in the region.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turbulence and mixing variability in a microtidal estuary subject to mixed semidiurnal tidal cycles","authors":"Jan Tiede, Remo Cossu, Jan Visscher, Alistair Grinham, Torsten Schlurmann","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1447316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1447316","url":null,"abstract":"Reynolds stresses and Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) are instrumental in quantifying the turbulent dynamics that govern mixing and momentum transport in estuaries, factors crucial for understanding and managing estuarine circulation, water quality, and sediment transport. Employing Acoustic Doppler Current profilers, this study investigated hydrodynamics and turbulence in the Brisbane River, Australia. Measurements were conducted at two locations, covering the mouth and middle reach of the estuary. Of particular interest were flow reversals during flood flows, adding complexity to the turbulent dynamics. Reynolds stresses at site I were primarily generated by bed shear, while site II showed more complex stresses due to density differences and lateral circulations. At the river mouth, the mixed semidiurnal tidal regime led to a highly variable turbulent regime, with subsequent flood and ebb events exhibiting markedly different characteristics.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing Pakistan’s fisheries legislation and institutional framework: integrating Sustainable Development Goal 14 within the scope of International Fisheries Law","authors":"Liu Lina, Muhammad Murad Zaib Butt","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1503748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1503748","url":null,"abstract":"International Fisheries Law (IFL) provides innovative approaches to fisheries governance at national levels. The emergence of Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14) is phenomenal for fisheries because it creates new means for implementing IFL. Under SDG 14, fisheries governance for sustainable fisheries has become a complex and challenging task for any state. Developing States like Pakistan are struggling to achieve SDG 14 with new approaches to fisheries governance. The current situation of fisheries governance in Pakistan motivated the content of this research paper. This research paper adopted the comprehensive literature review (CLR) methodology to analyse existing fisheries governance mechanisms in Pakistan. Besides CLR, the paper also analysed a ‘case study’ on fisheries governance of Pakistan entitled ‘National Policy and Strategy for Marine Fisheries. Furthermore, one hundred sixty-seven research articles and national and international legislation on fisheries governance from 2010 - 2023 are analysed. The results of the CLR methodology suggested that an extensive integrated mechanism under a comprehensive framework should be developed for fisheries governance. The framework forwarded a policy mechanism incorporating sustainable development goals with SDG 14 that should be implemented coherently for sustainable fisheries. The discussion followed the analysis and suggested that regional to local and bottom-up and top-down approaches in fisheries governance are required to address the challenges to sustainable fisheries in Pakistan. The conclusion of the discussion portrayed that future research related to fisheries governance in Pakistan shall be based on the practical implementation of SDG 14.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decarbonizing Arctic shipping: governance pathways and future directions","authors":"Yitong Chen, Kaiyue Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1489091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1489091","url":null,"abstract":"Arctic shipping is a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide and black carbon, which intensify climate risks in the region. While the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has established the International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (Polar Code) to address environmental and safety concerns of polar navigation, it falls short in promoting the decarbonization of Arctic shipping. The collaboration between the IMO and the Arctic Council, along with the contributions of the Arctic Council’s task forces, is essential but requires further strengthening. In response to the climate crisis, the IMO has raised environmental standards, leading efforts to promote low-carbon growth in Arctic shipping through measures such as sulfur limits, heavy fuel oil bans, and reductions in black carbon emissions. Despite these initiatives, the governance of Arctic shipping decarbonization remains fragmented. To achieve meaningful decarbonization, the Polar Code must be strengthened and expanded into a unified regulatory framework. Additionally, enhanced collaboration between the IMO and the Arctic Council is crucial to maximize their collective impact. As a key player in Arctic shipping, China must strengthen compliance with international regulations through updated domestic legislation and Arctic policies. By actively engaging in multilateral mechanisms and developing a port state control inspection network, China can play a pivotal role in advancing Arctic shipping governance and IMO energy efficiency standards, contributing to a more coordinated and sustainable approach to the region’s environmental challenges and global maritime governance.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculating 3D rugosity maps for complex habitat scans","authors":"Kindrat Beregovyi, Jennifer A. Dijkstra, Thomas Butkiewicz","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1449332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1449332","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in 3D scanning and reconstruction techniques, such as structure-from-motion, have resulted in an abundance of increasingly-detailed 3D habitat models. However, many existing methods for calculating structural complexity of these models use 2.5D techniques that fail to capture the details of truly 3D models with overlapping features. This paper presents novel algorithms that extend traditional rugosity metrics to generate multi-scale rugosity maps for complex 3D models. Models are repeatedly subdivided for local analysis using multiple 3D grids, which are jittered to smooth results and suppress extreme values from edge cases and poorly-fit reference planes. A rugosity-minimizing technique is introduced to find optimal reference planes for the arbitrary sections of the model within each grid cell. These algorithms are implemented in an open-source analysis software package, HabiCAT 3D (Habitat Complexity Analysis Tool), that calculates and visualizes high-quality 3D rugosity maps for large and complex models. It also extends fractal dimension and vector dispersion complexity metrics, and is used in this paper to evaluate and discuss the appropriateness of each metric to various coral reef datasets.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antarctic krill habitat suitability variation in the Southern Ocean over 20 years","authors":"Yiyang Tan, Yan Bai","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1513013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1513013","url":null,"abstract":"Antarctic krill (<jats:italic>Euphausia superba</jats:italic>) is a key species that sustains the biodiversity of the Southern Ocean and is a protected and restricted fishing target in this region. Considering the significant impacts of climate change on the ecological environment of the Southern Ocean, it is critical to understand the long-term spatio-temporal habitat distribution of Antarctic krill. This study integrates remote sensing and reanalysis data with Antarctic krill survey records to evaluate krill habitat suitability in the Southern Ocean. A novel habitat suitability model was developed using phytoplankton phenology and sea ice dynamics as key timing parameters, employing the Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) algorithm. This is the first time interannual variation in krill habitat distribution, spanning over 20 years (1997–2019), has been analyzed in relation to environmental parameters. Results show that the ice-free period in the Amundsen Sea has extended annually, while phytoplankton blooms have occurred earlier, lasted longer, and exhibited increasing chlorophyll a concentration (CHL), particularly in coastal regions. Additionally, the CatBoost model outperformed traditional species distribution models (SDMs) in handling large-scale presence-absence data (GCV = 0.16), demonstrating that bloom peak CHL and sea ice retreat timing are more effective indicators of krill habitat suitability than single-time environmental parameters. Based on long-term changes in highly suitable habitat areas for Antarctic krill and synchronized trends with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index, the overall area of suitable habitat for Antarctic krill in the Prydz sector has declined, likely linked to surface cooling caused by climate change. In contrast, the coastal region of the Atlantic sector, particularly the Western Antarctic Peninsula, a rapid warming area, has experienced an increase in krill habitat suitability. However, habitat suitability in the Weddell Sea has shown a marked decrease. Although climate change has produced mixed effects on krill habitats due to the varying responses of krill different life stages to environmental parameters, this study overall highlights a degradation of krill habitat in the Southern Ocean over the past two decades. These findings provide new insights into Antarctic krill habitat modeling and offer a long-term perspective on the climate change impacts, emphasizing the need for future under-ice investigations.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and copper on gill tissue structure, metabolism, and immune function of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Jian Xu, Guangpeng Feng, Yunzhi Yan","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1538734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1538734","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoplastics (NPs) and copper (Cu) are increasingly released into aquatic environments, posing significant risks to aquatic organisms, including crabs. As the primary interface between the organism and the surrounding environment, gills are particularly susceptible to the impacts of NPs and Cu exposure. Investigating the toxicity of these pollutants, especially their combined effects, is crucial for assessing their environmental risks. This study evaluated the toxicity of NPs (0.4 mg/L), Cu²<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> (0.1 mg/L), and the combination (NPs + Cu²<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>) on the gill tissues of <jats:italic>Eriocheir sinensis</jats:italic>, focusing on tissue morphology, metabolism, and immune functions. The results demonstrated that exposure to NPs, Cu²<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> and NPs + Cu²<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> caused structural damage to gill tissues and significantly elevated antioxidant parameters such as GSH-Px activity and GSH content, as well as immune parameters including ACP and AKP activity. Compared with the single exposure group, energy metabolism-related genes (<jats:italic>TAT</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TPI</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HK</jats:italic>) were down-regulated in the combined exposure group. Pathways associated with glutathione metabolism and cytochrome P450 were notably affected, and the combined exposure suppressed the expression of immune-related genes such as <jats:italic>CYP450</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GST</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>UGT</jats:italic>. In summary, we found an enhanced toxicological impact of NPs when combined with Cu<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>. Thus, this study provides insights into the toxicological mechanisms of NPs and Cu²<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> in aquatic organisms, highlighting their ecological risks to aquatic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary organic selenium, vitamin C, and vitamin E supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemistry, and antioxidant status in juvenile Hypophthalmichthys molitrix","authors":"Hairui Yu, Maida Mushtaq, Saira Razzaq, Umar Ali, Muhammad Khan, Abdur Rahman, Guobo Quan, Mehroze Fatima, Saima Naveed, Muhammad Hammad Zafar, Muhammad Aziz ur Rahman","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1555994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1555994","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of selenium (Se), vitamin C, and vitamin E on growth performance, meat quality, and antioxidant status in <jats:italic>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</jats:italic> juveniles. A total of 480 juveniles (mean weight: 20 ± 0.29 g) were randomly assigned to 24 aquaria (20 fish per 100 L), which were allocated to eight dietary treatments (three aquaria per treatment) following a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments included: (1) a basal diet without supplementation (Control), (2) selenium supplementation (S), (3) vitamin C supplementation (C), (4) vitamin E supplementation (E), (5) selenium and vitamin C supplementation (SC), (6) selenium and vitamin E supplementation (SE), (7) vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation (EC), and (8) selenium, vitamin C, and vitamin E supplementation (SCE). The supplementation levels were 0.9 mg/kg Se, 300 mg/kg vitamin C, and 100 mg/kg vitamin E, respectively. After a one-week acclimatization period, a 10-week growth trial was conducted. Fish fed the SCE diet exhibited significantly higher (p&amp;lt; 0.05) final weight gain, body length gain, body weight gain percentage, and specific growth rates compared to other treatments. Selenium concentrations in the kidney, liver, pancreas, and muscle were significantly higher (p&amp;lt; 0.05) in the SCE, SC, SE, and EC groups compared to the Control and single-supplement groups. Hematological parameters, including WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, and MCHC, were significantly higher (p&amp;lt; 0.05) in the SCE group compared to all other groups. Similarly, serum activities of ALT, AST, and ALP were significantly lower (p&amp;lt; 0.05) in the SCE group than in other treatments, while blood glucose levels were unaffected (p &amp;gt; 0.05) by dietary treatments. Antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were significantly enhanced (p&amp;lt; 0.05) in the whole body and muscle tissues of fish receiving Se, vitamin C, and E supplementation. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in muscle and serum were significantly higher (p&amp;lt; 0.05) in the Control group compared to all supplemented groups. The proximate composition of meat, including dry matter, fat, ash, and protein contents, was not significantly affected (p &amp;gt; 0.05) by the dietary treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of selenium, vitamin C, and vitamin E significantly improved growth performance, selenium deposition in tissues, and antioxidant status of <jats:italic>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</jats:italic> juveniles, without adversely affecting meat chemical composition.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}