Frontiers in Marine Science最新文献

{"title":"Intelligent quality control method for marine buoy data based on transformer encoder and BiLSTM","authors":"Miaomiao Song, Saiyu Gao, Shixuan Liu, Yuzhe Xu, Shizhe Chen, Jiming Zhang, Wenqing Li, Keke Zhang, Xiao Fu","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1528587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1528587","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean moored buoys are essential ocean monitoring devices that are permanently moored in the sea to collect real-time hydrological and meteorological data. In response to the anomalies and missing data in datasets collected from ocean moored buoys, this paper innovatively established an intelligent quality control Transformer-Encoder-BiLSTM model. This model can impute missing data and identify anomalies in buoy datasets. The model first uses the multi-head attention mechanism of the Transformer Encoder to extract global features from time-series data of buoy observations. Subsequently, it utilizes the BiLSTM network for temporal reasoning training to capture dynamic changes within the time series, predicted data. Finally, using the predicted data as a benchmark, the model conducts anomaly detection, fills in missing values, and rectifies stuck values. We conducted a series of comprehensive experiments, with the data from Buoy No. 0199 in Qingdao, China as an illustrative example. The experimental results indicate that the performance indicator R² of the model is above 0.9, the accuracy of quality control is above 97%, while both precision and recall are above 84%. The F1 scores range between 81.61% and 90.09%. These experiments demonstrate that this method exhibits high accuracy and efficiency in filling in missing data, rectifying stuck values and identifying anomalous data, showing broad application potential.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of ocean response to super typhoon Mangkhut in the South China Sea","authors":"Zhiyuan Wu, Zeyuan Zou, Jie Chen, Hongmei Luo, Bin Deng, Changbo Jiang, Zhao Lv, Haojian Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1586377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1586377","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of the South China Sea (SCS) to the super typhoon Mangkhut (2018) and the air-sea interaction are evaluated through COAWST model in this study which fully coupled with the atmosphere model (WRF), the ocean model (ROMS), and the wave model (SWAN). A comparison of our modeled results with several buoys and tide stations revealed remarkable consistency, the minimum root mean square error (RMSE) for wind speed, significant wave height, and water level are 3.013 m/s, 0.641m, 0.007m. During the development and dissipation of super typhoon Mangkhut, the Coriolis force caused the typhoon wind field to exhibit a pronounced rightward deflection. The characteristics of the significant wave height field are generally similar to those of the wind field, although there is a temporal lag of several hours. Moreover, we researched on the spatiotemporal variations of sea surface temperature (SST) impact by the Mangkhut’s passage, and found that it exhibits two main characteristics: spatial asymmetry and temporal lag. The spatial asymmetry is primarily governed by typhoon-generated wind fields, while the temporal lag is mainly controlled by upwelling and vertical mixing processes during the typhoon’s passage, with Ekman pumping playing a pivotal role in these dynamics. This study mainly concentrates on investigating the dynamic and thermodynamic responses of the ocean during extreme weather conditions by using COAWST model.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers of biosonar click rates in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) over the West Florida Shelf","authors":"Marzia Baldachini, Elena Papale, Jeanne M. Shearer, Randall S. Wells, Frants H. Jensen","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1558655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1558655","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding cetacean echolocation behavior is important for effective population monitoring and conservation. Using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM), researchers can listen for the biosonar clicks produced by echolocating animals to estimate both diurnal and seasonal variations in their presence and activity. Furthermore, if species-specific click rates are known, cue counting techniques can be used to provide an estimate of population density. This study investigated the click rates of wild bottlenose dolphins tagged with sound and movement recording DTAG3s during health assessments over the West Florida Shelf in the Gulf of Mexico to quantify individual variability and explore factors influencing click production. We observed modest but significant differences in click rates across individuals, and higher click rates during dives compared to inter-dive surface intervals. Within dives, dive depth was the most important in shaping click rates, reflecting that dolphins adjust their echolocation behavior to tailor their acoustic field of view based on both predator-prey distance and their proximity to other large reflectors such as the ocean bottom. Click rates also showed subtle diurnal peaks at dawn and dusk, aligning with increased foraging efforts. The findings lay the groundwork for bottlenose dolphin density estimation using the cue counting technique and underscore the importance of incorporating region-specific information on foraging ecology and diving behavior into models of click rates. Our study provides the first estimate of bottlenose dolphin click rates but calls for further research to refine these click rate estimates to facilitate acoustic monitoring of delphinids.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine ranching enhances ecosystem stability and biological carbon sequestration potential: insights from Ecopath with Ecosim model simulation of 30-year ecological path of a national marine ranching in China","authors":"Jiale Yan, Yan Chen, Yingkun Cao, Jiamin Sun, Bin Wen, Xiaowei Gao, Gang Wang, Lixin Gong, Huixin Liu, Qian Li, Xiujin Liu, Jiabo Zhang, Zepeng Li, Futang Ma, Haien Zhang, Weidong Li, Zhe Pan","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1583896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1583896","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionMarine ranching is an effective marine ecosystem protection measure that not only helps protect marine resources, but also has an important carbon sink function.MethodsThis study took the Haizhidu marine ranching in the Bohai sea of China as the research object, constructed 20 functional groups in the area, and used the ecosystem model Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) and stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) to model the system, evaluate the biological structure, energy transfer efficiency, and ecological carrying capacity (ECC) of different functional groups in the system, and calculate the carbon sequestration potential when shellfish reach ECC and the impact of marine ranching construction on system stability and maturity.Results and DiscussionThe results of the study on the characteristic parameters of the marine ranching system show that in the Haizhidu marine ranching ecosystem, the functional group with the highest biomass is the sediment detritus functional group (37.75 t/km<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), followed by phytoplankton (21.40 t/km<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), and the lowest is the other pelagic fishes (0.26 t/km<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>); the highest trophic level is the Platycephalus indicus (3.70), followed by the 3.43 of Sebastes schlegelii and cephalopods; the energy transfer efficiency is mainly concentrated in the trophic levels I and II. The simulation results of the shellfish ECC show that the ECC of shellfish in this system is 49.21 t/km<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. When the system reaches this capacity, the carbon sequestration potential of shellfish is 12.44 t/km<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, and the total carbon fixation of the system can increase by 12.90 t/km<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. At the same time, the ecosystem showed a high degree of maturity and stability when the shellfish proliferated to the ECC.ConclusionIn general, the results show that in the process of marine ranching management, reasonable control of the number of shellfish can improve the stability of the system and increase its carbon sequestration capacity. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the ecological service function of marine ranching in the future and increase the carbon sequestration service function of marine ranching ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic differentiation between captive and wild populations induced by selective breeding in morphologically diverse Takifugu pufferfish","authors":"Nobuhisa Kajino, Hyoun-Joong Kim, Hyun-Ki Hong, Wan-Ok Lee, Hiroshi Takahashi, Kwang-Sik Choi, Hyung-Bae Jeon","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1437097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1437097","url":null,"abstract":"Pufferfish from the genus <jats:italic>Takifugu</jats:italic> are vital commercial resources in East Asia. Within the genus, the taxonomic status of two commercially important species, <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. chinensis</jats:italic>, remains ambiguous, especially given their morphological variability. Recent observations of suspected hybrids between <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. chinensis</jats:italic> on Jeju Island, South Korea, displaying intermediate phenotypes, have further confused their classification. In this study, we analyzed 73 pufferfish, including wild-caught <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>T. chinensis</jats:italic>, suspected hybrids, and farm-bred <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic>, using 16 microsatellite loci to explore their population structure and evolutionary relationships. The Bayesian clustering and principal coordinate analysis showed minimal genetic differentiation among the wild populations, regardless of phenotype. This finding suggests that <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. chinensis</jats:italic> might represent a single species with considerable morphological diversity. In contrast, farm-bred <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic> exhibited significant genetic differentiation from wild populations, likely due to domestication-induced genetic drift. These results challenge the existing taxonomic distinctions between <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. chinensis</jats:italic> and highlight the profound impact of aquaculture on the genetics of captive populations. This study underscores the necessity for ongoing research into the taxonomy and population genetics of the <jats:italic>T. rubripes</jats:italic>-<jats:italic>chinensis</jats:italic> complex to guide conservation and management strategies and stresses the importance of genetic monitoring in pufferfish aquaculture to counteract inbreeding and genetic drift.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The three-dimensional composite analysis method of mesoscale eddies in the Philippine Sea based on sound speed profile clustering","authors":"Xingyu Zhou, Qinghong Li, Xiangjun Yu, Gengming Zhang, Yaowei Ma","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1557271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1557271","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional composite methods for mesoscale eddies predominantly employ simplistic geographical partitioning, seldom taking into account the variations in mesoscale eddy structures that are jointly influenced by seasonal and regional factors within the area., nor does it consider the issue of approximating mesoscale eddies as elliptical structures. This study combines mesoscale eddy data from satellite altimetry (2007-2022) with Argo profile data captured by eddies to propose a mesoscale eddy composite analysis method based on profile clustering and an elliptical model. This method provides the three-dimensional structures of various types of mesoscale eddies in the Philippine Sea. The results show that the eccentricity of the best-fitting ellipses for mesoscale eddies in the Philippine Sea is predominantly between 0.7 and 0.9, with the orientation of the major axis mostly directed at 80° northeast. Based on sound speed profile clustering, mesoscale eddies are classified into five categories. The composite eddy anomaly structures exhibit a clear correlation with the profile types. Compared to the single mesoscale eddy structure obtained by the traditional mesoscale eddy composite method, this approach accurately composites five typical mesoscale eddy structures in the Philippine Sea, and its elliptical shape is more consistent with actual observational results.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in macrobenthos communities during the invasive Spartina alterniflora removal and mangrove restoration","authors":"Lin Lin, Yuqing Guo, Guangzhao Wang, Shilong Feng, Kai Liu, Mingcheng Hu, Mouxin Ye, Chunxi Cao, Ruohai Chen, Silong Ding, Zenghui Peng, Fenfen Ji, Yi-Jia Shih","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1581442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1581442","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe mangrove ecosystem has been severely threatened by the invasive species <jats:italic>Spartina alterniflora</jats:italic> for a long time. The macrobenthos diversity, as a biological indicator for assessing ecosystem sensitivity, can respond sensitively to the removal of the invasive <jats:italic>S. alterniflora</jats:italic>. Traditional morphological method has been commonly used to study macrobenthos diversity. However, it is difficult to comprehensively and accurately assess using traditional morphological method alone. Few studies have systematically assessed the effectiveness of environmental DNA in monitoring the diversity of macrobenthos in mangrove ecosystems.MethodsTraditional morphological method and eDNA metabarcoding (using COI primers) were combined to analyze changes in macrobenthos diversity in September (before <jats:italic>S. alterniflora</jats:italic> removal), October (after <jats:italic>S. alterniflora</jats:italic> removal but before mangrove planting), and December (after <jats:italic>S. alterniflora</jats:italic> removal and mangrove planting) of 2022 at the Quanzhou Bay Mangrove Wetland Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China.ResultsThe results showed that 26 species were identified using traditional morphological method, while 212 species were identified through eDNA metabarcoding, especially more Arthropod were detected. However, no species were found to be common between the two methods at the species level. In terms of abundance, Arthropods and Annelids were the dominant groups for two methods, both 28.38% in the traditional morphological method and 38.38% and 32.94% in the eDNA metabarcoding, respectively. Additionally, the traditional morphological method indicated that following the removal of <jats:italic>S. alterniflora</jats:italic>, species richness, density, biomass, and diversity indices of macrobenthos initially declined, but subsequently showed a consistent recovery trend.DiscussionOur study suggests that eDNA metabarcoding has tremendous potential to monitor macrobenthos diversity, but shows low consistency in species with traditional method. For broader application in macrobenthos diversity using eDNA metabarcoding, further optimization is needed. Additionally, the results suggested that after the removal of <jats:italic>S. alterniflora</jats:italic>, macrobenthos diversity initially declined but gradually recovered, and long-term monitoring is warranted in order to better understand the changes in macrobenthos diversity with planting of mangroves.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic cause of saltwater intrusion extremes and freshwater challenges in the Changjiang Estuary in flood season of 2022","authors":"Rui Ma, Cheng Qiu, Jianrong Zhu, Zhilin Zhang, Yiping Zhu, Lingting Kong, Lei Ding, Wei Qiu, Hui Wu","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1573883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1573883","url":null,"abstract":"Estuarine regions heavily rely on the supply of freshwater from rivers, which could suffer saltwater intrusion. In the late summer and autumn of 2022, the Changjiang basin experienced prolonged severe drought, resulting in the river discharge decreasing to its lowest level according to historical records. Furthermore, the Changjiang Estuary was affected successively by three typhoons in September. Saltwater intrusion extremes have occurred since early September, resulting in the Qingcaosha Reservoir, the largest estuarine reservoir in the world, being unsuitable for water intake for 98 days. This has seriously threatened the safety of the water supply in Shanghai. No such extremely severe event has occurred since salinity has been recorded in the estuary, even in the dry season. Our findings show that saltwater intrusion extremes were caused by the combined effect of extremely low river discharge and typhoons, which drove substantial landward water transport to form a horizontal estuarine circulation flowing into the North Channel and out of the South Channel. This landward net water transport overcame seaward runoff and brought highly saline water into the estuary. The extremely low river discharge is the fundamental cause for the severe saltwater intrusion, and the typhoons greatly amplified it. The surface and bottom salinities at the water intake of the Qingcaosha Reservoir were amplified 9.6 and 23.4 times by Typhoon Hinnamonr and 10.1 and 15.1 times by Typhoon Nanmadol, respectively. We reveal the dynamic cause of saltwater intrusion extremes, which is conducive for developing effective response measures for estuarine freshwater resources safety.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OXPHOS genes analysis in the red mullet (Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758)","authors":"Giada Santa Calogero, Marco Mancuso, Tanja Segvic-Bubic, Venera Ferrito, Anna Maria Pappalardo","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1577491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1577491","url":null,"abstract":"Red mullet, <jats:italic>Mullus barbatus</jats:italic> Linnaeus, 1758, is a very important target species of high commercial value for small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea. The distribution of the species is wide encompassing the North-Eastern Atlantic (from Scandinavia to Senegal), the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. Climatic differences across its range could trigger specific bioenergetic demands due that ectothermic aquatic species exploit heat exchange with the external environment to regulate metabolic activities and adaptation. Mitochondrial OXPHOS (mtOXPHOS) genes are particularly involved in these processes and they have been studied in the last decades as a system that is subject to selection under determined environmental constraints. Based on the above considerations, the purpose of this work were to analyze the nucleotide sequences of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (<jats:italic>COI</jats:italic>) and Cytochrome b (<jats:italic>Cytb</jats:italic>) OXPHOS genes in seven Mediterranean populations of <jats:italic>M. barbatus</jats:italic>, living within a latitudinal range between the North Adriatic, the Strait of Sicily in the South, the Ionian Sea in the East and the Balearic Sea in the Western Mediterranean. The aims were to assess the genetic diversity in the studied populations and to detect the presence of positive selection on the two-target protein-encoded genes using tests of recombination and selection based on different models of evolution. The diversity indices indicated higher values of haplotype diversity in the Adriatic populations than in the remaining populations for both genes. Furthermore, a very high number of <jats:italic>COI</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cytb</jats:italic> private haplotypes was found in almost of populations. Signature of pervasive positive selection by FUBAR and episodic positive selection by MEME were exclusively detected in <jats:italic>COI</jats:italic> gene. Our results support the need to manage red mullet populations as separate sub-populations with distinct gene pools.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of sand nourishment dynamics under repeated storm impact supported by machine learning-based analysis of UAV data","authors":"Jan Tiede, Joshua Leon Lovell, Christian Jordan, Armin Moghimi, Torsten Schlurmann","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1537066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1537066","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding beach dynamics and the long-term evolution of beach nourishment projects is critical for sustainable coastal management, particularly in the face of rising sea levels and increasingly variable storm climates. This study examines the development of a large-scale sand nourishment (600,000 m³) in the southwestern Baltic Sea over 25 months (October 2021–November 2023) using UAV-derived digital surface models (DSMs) and machine learning (ML). High-frequency, multi-temporal UAV surveys enabled detailed analyses of the development of the nourished beach and dune. Results revealed that the volumetric impact of the 100-year flood in October 2023 was comparable to the cumulative effects of the October 2022–January 2023 storm season. This demonstrates that both episodic extreme events and the cumulative impacts shape the morphological evolution of the nourishment. The study also highlights sediment transport reversals under easterly winds, promoting longer-term stability by retaining sediment within the system. By standardizing volumetric analyses using tools equipped with ML, this research provides actionable insights for adaptive management and establishes a framework for comparable, accurate assessments of nourishment lifetime. In particular, these methods efficiently capture subtle variations in coastline orientation, wave incidence angles, and resulting alongshore beach dynamics, offering valuable insights for optimizing nourishment strategies. These findings underscore the importance of continuous, high-resolution monitoring in developing sustainable strategies for storm-driven erosion and sea level rise.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}