Fungal Diversity最新文献

{"title":"Microsporidia and invertebrate hosts: genome-informed taxonomy surrounding a new lineage of crayfish-infecting Nosema spp. (Nosematida)","authors":"Cheyenne E. Stratton, Sara A. Bolds, Lindsey S. Reisinger, Donald C. Behringer, Amjad Khalaf, Jamie Bojko","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00543-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00543-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Microsporidia, an often overlooked fungal lineage, exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques. They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts, including crustaceans. Crustacea are, in essence, ancient insects and their relationship with the Microsporidia is both diverse and convoluted. Relationships between crayfish and their microsporidian parasites display geospatial and taxonomic diversity. Through classical (histological, ultrastructural, developmental) and genomic (phylogenetic, phylogenomic) approaches, we expand the known diversity of crayfish-infecting microsporidia into the genus <i>Nosema</i> by describing three novel species from North America: <i>Nosema astafloridana</i> n. sp. infecting <i>Procambarus pictus</i> and <i>Procambarus spiculifer</i>, <i>Nosema rusticus</i> n. sp. infecting <i>Faxonius rusticus</i>, and <i>Nosema wisconsinii</i> n. sp. infecting <i>Faxonius propinquus</i> and <i>Faxonius virilis</i>. Additionally, we provide SSU sequence data for further <i>Nosema</i> diversity from <i>Procambarus clarkii</i> and <i>Pacifasticus gambelii</i>. The taxonomy of aquatic crustacean-infecting <i>Nosema</i> have been under scrutiny among microsporidiologists—using genomic data we solidify this systematic relationship. Our genomic data reveal phylogenomic divergence between terrestrial insect-infecting <i>Nosema</i> and aquatic crustacean-infecting <i>Nosema</i> but place our novel species within the <i>Nosema</i>. Comparative genomic analysis reveal that <i>Nosema rusticus</i> n. sp. is a tetraploid organism, making this the first known polyploid from the genus <i>Nosema</i>. Annotation of the genomic data highlight that crayfish-infecting <i>Nosema</i> have distinct proteomic differences when compared to amphipod and insect-infecting microsporidians. Alongside the new diversity uncovered and genome-supported systematics, we consider the role of these new ‘invasive’ parasites in biological invasion systems, exploring their relationship with their invasive hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal numbers: global needs for a realistic assessment","authors":"Kevin D. Hyde, Alwasel Saleh, Herbert Dustin R. Aumentado, Teun Boekhout, Ishika Bera, Sabin Khyaju, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun, K. W. Thilini Chethana, Chayanard Phukhamsakda, Mingkwan Doilom, Vinodhini Thiyagaraja, Peter E. Mortimer, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Sinang Hongsanan, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Wei Dong, Rajesh Jeewon, Fatimah Al-Otibi, Subodini N. Wijesinghe, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00545-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00545-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Estimates of global fungal diversity have varied widely, suggesting a range from fewer than one million to over 10 million species, with each of the estimates drawing data from various criteria. In 2022, <i>Fungal Diversity</i> published a special issue on fungal numbers. It had been hoped that the editorial would provide a more accurate account of the numbers of fungi. Instead, it was concluded that this was not possible based on present evidence and, some of the data necessary for accurate assessments was put forward, and the present paper expands on this short article. The review first looks at estimates of fungal numbers and what these estimates are based on. It then presents future research needs that will help us to gain a more accurate estimate of fungal numbers. This includes work that needs to be done in tropical rainforests, where the greatest diversity is expected, where whole rainforests, canopy diversity, and palm fungi are addressed. Case studies for lichens and associated fungi, soil and litter fungi, evidence from particle filtration, freshwater fungi, marine fungi, mushrooms, and yeasts will also be given. Once we have such information, we can obtain a more accurate estimate of fungal numbers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classes and phyla of the kingdom Fungi","authors":"Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Kevin D. Hyde, Kirill V. Mikhailov, Gábor Péter, André Aptroot, Carmen L. A. Pires-Zottarelli, Bruno T. Goto, Yuri S. Tokarev, Danny Haelewaters, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Paul M. Kirk, André L. C. M. de A. Santiago, Ramesh K. Saxena, Nathan Schoutteten, Madhara K. Wimalasena, Vladimir V. Aleoshin, Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi, Kahandawa G. S. U. Ariyawansa, Amanda R. Assunção, Thushara C. Bamunuarachchige, Hans-Otto Baral, D. Jayarama Bhat, Janusz Błaszkowski, Teun Boekhout, Nattawut Boonyuen, Michael Brysch-Herzberg, Bin Cao, Jonathan Cazabonne, Xue-Mei Chen, Claudia Coleine, Dong-Qin Dai, Heide-Marie Daniel, Suzana B. G. da Silva, Francisco Adriano de Souza, Somayeh Dolatabadi, Manish K. Dubey, Arun K. Dutta, Aseni Ediriweera, Eleonora Egidi, Mostafa S. Elshahed, Xinlei Fan, Juliana R. B. Felix, Mahesh C. A. Galappaththi, Marizeth Groenewald, Li-Su Han, Bo Huang, Vedprakash G. Hurdeal, Anastasia N. Ignatieva, Gustavo H. Jerônimo, Ana L. de Jesus, Serhii ..","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00540-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00540-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fungi are one of the most diverse groups of organisms with an estimated number of species in the range of 2–3 million. The higher-level ranking of fungi has been discussed in the framework of molecular phylogenetics since Hibbett et al., and the definition and the higher ranks (e.g., phyla) of the ‘true fungi’ have been revised in several subsequent publications. Rapid accumulation of novel genomic data and the advancements in phylogenetics now facilitate a robust and precise foundation for the higher-level classification within the kingdom. This study provides an updated classification of the kingdom <i>Fungi</i>, drawing upon a comprehensive phylogenomic analysis of <i>Holomycota</i>, with which we outline well-supported nodes of the fungal tree and explore more contentious groupings. We accept 19 phyla of <i>Fungi,</i> viz<i>. Aphelidiomycota</i>, <i>Ascomycota</i>, <i>Basidiobolomycota</i>, <i>Basidiomycota</i>, <i>Blastocladiomycota</i>, <i>Calcarisporiellomycota</i>, <i>Chytridiomycota</i>, <i>Entomophthoromycota</i>, <i>Entorrhizomycota</i>, <i>Glomeromycota</i>, <i>Kickxellomycota</i>, <i>Monoblepharomycota</i>, <i>Mortierellomycota</i>, <i>Mucoromycota</i>, <i>Neocallimastigomycota</i>, <i>Olpidiomycota</i>, <i>Rozellomycota</i>, <i>Sanchytriomycota,</i> and <i>Zoopagomycota</i>. In the phylogenies, <i>Caulochytriomycota</i> resides in <i>Chytridiomycota</i>; thus, the former is regarded as a synonym of the latter, while <i>Caulochytriomycetes</i> is viewed as a class in <i>Chytridiomycota</i>. We provide a description of each phylum followed by its classes. A new subphylum, <i>Sanchytriomycotina</i> Karpov is introduced as the only subphylum in <i>Sanchytriomycota</i>. The subclass <i>Pneumocystomycetidae</i> Kirk et al. in <i>Pneumocystomycetes</i>, <i>Ascomycota</i> is invalid and thus validated. Placements of fossil fungi in phyla and classes are also discussed, providing examples.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic revision of Marasmius Fr. and Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner based on multigene phylogenetics and morphological evidence","authors":"Jadson J. S. Oliveira, Dennis E. Desjardin, Thomas S. Jenkinson, Simona Margaritescu, Marina Capelari, Jean-Marc Moncalvo","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00534-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00534-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many taxonomic and systematic rearrangements were proposed to <i>Marasmius</i> Fr. since its original concept in 1835, and since 1980 when it became the type of Marasmiaceae. These were based on morphological and/or more recently molecular phylogenetic studies. This study conducted a comprehensive taxonomic and systematic evaluation of <i>Marasmius</i> that benefits the whole family, implementing multilocus (SSU, LSU, ITS, <i>rpb2</i> and <i>ef1-α</i>) phylogenetic analyses integrated with morphological and other features. The resulting trees support (1) a Marasmiaceae clade-based circumscription within Marasmiineae, (2) a <i>Marasmius</i> clade-based circumscription within Marasmiaceae, and (3) a subgenus-section-subsection-series system. Two subgenera are proposed: <i>Globulares</i> and <i>Marasmius</i>. <i>Marasmius</i> auton. subgen. includes <i>Crinis-eques</i> sect. nov., sect. <i>Marasmius</i>, <i>Sanguirotales</i> sect. nov., <i>Variabilispori</i> sect. nov., and <i>Sicciformes</i> sect. nov., while <i>Globulares</i> subg. nov. groups sect. <i>Globulares</i> and sect. <i>Sicci</i>. Four subsections are proposed in sect. <i>Globulares</i> and three in sect. <i>Marasmius</i> and sect. <i>Sicciformes</i>. Seventeen series were defined in sect. <i>Globulares</i> and three in sect. <i>Sicci</i>. Selected traits were assessed for their phylogenetic signals within <i>Marasmius</i>, providing a robust framework for a natural system. Based on this analysis, Marasmiaceae includes <i>Chaetocalathus</i>, <i>Crinipellis</i>, <i>Marasmius</i> and <i>Moniliophthora/Paramarasmius</i>, and Campanellaceae fam. nov. includes <i>Brunneocorticium</i>, <i>Campanella/Tetrapyrgos</i>, <i>Neocampanella</i>, and <i>Marasmiellus</i> sect. <i>Candidi</i>. New species, names, combinations and epitypes are also proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current insights into palm fungi with emphasis on taxonomy and phylogeny","authors":"Sheng-Nan Zhang, Kevin D. Hyde, E. B. Gareth Jones, Xian-Dong Yu, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Jian-Kui Liu","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00536-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00536-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Palms (Arecaceae) are emblems of tropical forests and host a vast array of fungi. The fungi associated with palms have been studied for over two centuries. However, taxonomic identification of some taxa, especially of the prominent genera <i>Anthostomella</i>, <i>Linocarpon</i> and <i>Oxydothis</i>, when based solely on macro- and micro-morphological characteristics is confused and needs better taxonomic resolution. The present study contributes to palm fungal taxonomy by incorporating molecular approaches for fungal identification based on new collections from China and Thailand. In total, 538 samples with 248 successfully obtained fungal isolates were derived from about 23 palm genera. Preliminary analyses showed that these taxa could be recognized as 170 species belonging to 115 genera, 66 families, and three genera <i>incertae sedis</i>. The fungi were mainly distributed in Dothideomycetes (<i>c.</i> 57.6%) and Sordariomycetes (<i>c.</i> 40.6%), with a few Lecanoromycetes (0.6%), Leotiomycetes (0.6%), and Orbiliomycetes (0.6%). In the present study on palm hosts in different ecosystems, it becomes obvious that the biodiversity and specificity of palm fungi is a reflection of habitats more than the hosts or geographical distributions. Based on morpho-phylogenetic evidence, 109 interesting taxa have been illustrated and described, including one new family Pseudocapsulosporaceae, seven new genera and 48 new species. The new genera are <i>Javarisimilis</i> and <i>Thecatisporium</i> (Astrosphaeriellaceae), <i>Neomorosphaeria</i> (Morosphaeriaceae), <i>Pseudocapsulospora</i> (Pseudocapsulosporaceae), <i>Pseudoeutypa</i> (Diatrypaceae), <i>Pseudothailandiomyces</i> (Tirisporellaceae), and <i>Subanthostomella</i> (Xylariales <i>incertae sedis</i>). New species are <i>Anthostomella arecacearum</i>, <i>A. foliatella</i>, <i>A. mangrovei</i>, <i>A. pseudobirima</i>, <i>Brunneiapiospora phoenicis</i>, <i>Diaporthe trachycarpi</i>, <i>Dictyosporium licualae</i>, <i>Ernakulamia palmae</i>, <i>Exosporium licualae</i>, <i>Fasciatispora asexualis</i>, <i>Javarisimilis palmarum</i>, <i>Koorchaloma arecae</i>, <i>Lophodermium nypae</i>, <i>Morenoina rattanica</i>, <i>Nemania palmarum</i>, <i>Neobambusicola palmae</i>, <i>Neodeightonia nypae</i>, <i>Neoeriomycopsis sabal</i>, <i>Neoleptosporella palmae</i>, <i>Neomassaria livistonae</i>, <i>N. palmae</i>, <i>Neomorosphaeria mangrovei</i>, <i>Neosetophoma trachycarpi</i>, <i>Niesslia trachycarpi</i>, <i>Orbilia licualae</i>, <i>Oxydothis caryotae</i>, <i>Ox. foliata</i>, <i>Ox. palmae</i>, <i>Ox. pyriforme, Ox. sinensis</i>, <i>Parateichospora palmarum</i>, <i>Periconia arecacearum</i>, <i>Phaeosphaeria palmae</i>, <i>Phyllosticta arecacearum</i>, <i>P. foliacea</i>, <i>Protocreopsis palmarum</i>, <i>Pseudocapsulospora phoenicis</i>, <i>Ps. rhapidis</i>, <i>Pseudomicrothyrium palmae</i>, <i>Pseudothailandiomyces nypae</i>, <i>Serenomyces phoeniceus</i>, <i>Stanjehughesia elaeidis</i>, <i>Subanthostomella palma","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141618240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes","authors":"Asha J. Dissanayake, Jin-Tao Zhu, Ya-Ya Chen, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Kevin D. Hyde, Jian-Kui Liu","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Diaporthe</i> is an important plant pathogenic genus, which also occurs as endophytes and saprobes. Many <i>Diaporthe</i> species that are morphologically similar proved to be genetically distinct. The current understanding of <i>Diaporthe</i> taxonomy by applying morphological characters, host associations and multi-gene phylogeny are problematic leading to overestimation/underestimation of species numbers of this significant fungal pathogenic genus. Currently, there are no definite boundaries for the accepted species. Hence, the present study aims to re-structure the genus <i>Diaporthe</i>, based on single gene phylogenies (ITS, <i>tef</i>, <i>tub</i>, <i>cal</i> and <i>his</i>), multi-gene phylogeny justified by applying GCPSR (Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition) methodology as well as the coalescence-based models (PTP—Poisson Tree Processes and mPTP—multi-rate Poisson Tree Processes). Considering all available type isolates of <i>Diaporthe</i>, the genus is divided into seven sections while boundaries for 13 species and 15 species-complexes are proposed. To support this re-assessment of the genus, 82 <i>Diaporthe</i> isolates obtained from woody hosts in Guizhou Province in China were investigated and revealed the presence of two novel species and 17 previously known species. Synonymies are specified for 31 species based on molecular data and morphological studies. Dividing <i>Diaporthe</i> into several specific sections based on phylogenetic analyses can avoid the construction of lengthy phylogenetic trees of the entire genus in future taxonomic studies. In other words, when one conducts research related to the genus, only species from the appropriate section need to be selected for phylogenetic analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomics, divergence times and notes of orders in Basidiomycota","authors":"Mao-Qiang He, Bin Cao, Fei Liu, Teun Boekhout, Teodor T. Denchev, Nathan Schoutteten, Cvetomir M. Denchev, Martin Kemler, Sergio P. Gorjón, Dominik Begerow, Ricardo Valenzuela, Naveed Davoodian, Tuula Niskanen, Alfredo Vizzini, Scott A. Redhead, Virginia Ramírez-Cruz, Viktor Papp, Vasiliy A. Dudka, Arun Kumar Dutta, Ricardo García-Sandoval, Xin-Zhan Liu, Teeratas Kijpornyongpan, Anton Savchenko, Leho Tedersoo, Bart Theelen, Larissa Trierveiler-Pereira, Fang Wu, Juan Carlos Zamora, Xiang-Yu Zeng, Li-Wei Zhou, Shi-Liang Liu, Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad, Admir J. Giachini, Guo-Jie Li, Makoto Kakishima, Ibai Olariaga, Danny Haelewaters, Bobby Sulistyo, Junta Sugiyama, Sten Svantesson, Andrey Yurkov, Pablo Alvarado, Vladimír Antonín, André Felipe da Silva, Irina Druzhinina, Tatiana B. Gibertoni, Laura Guzmán-Dávalos, Alfredo Justo, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Mahesh C. A. Galappaththi, Merje Toome-Heller, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Kare Liimatainen, Rodrigo Márquez, Armin Mešić, Jean-Marc Moncalvo..","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00535-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00535-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla in the fungal tree of life. The outline of Basidiomycota provides essential taxonomic information for researchers and workers in mycology. In this study, we present a time-framed phylogenomic tree with 487 species of Basidiomycota from 127 families, 47 orders, 14 classes and four subphyla; we update the outline of Basidiomycota based on the phylogenomic relationships and the taxonomic studies since 2019; and we provide notes for each order and discuss the history, defining characteristics, evolution, justification of orders, problems, significance, and plates. Our phylogenomic analysis suggests that the subphyla diverged in a time range of 443–490 Myr (million years), classes in a time range of 312–412 Myr, and orders in a time range of 102–361 Myr. Families diverged in a time range of 50–289 Myr, 76–224 Myr, and 62–156 Myr in Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina, and Ustilaginomycotina, respectively. Based on the phylogenomic relationships and divergence times, we propose a new suborder Mycenineae in Agaricales to accommodate Mycenaceae. In the current outline of Basidiomycota, there are four subphyla, 20 classes, 77 orders, 297 families, and 2134 genera accepted. When building a robust taxonomy of Basidiomycota in the genomic era, the generation of molecular phylogenetic data has become relatively easier. Finding phenotypical characters, especially those that can be applied for identification and classification, however, has become increasingly challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141566298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection dictates the distance pattern of similarity in trees and soil fungi across forest ecosystems","authors":"Yue-Hua Hu, Daniel J. Johnson, Zhen-Hua Sun, Lian-Ming Gao, Han-Dong Wen, Kun Xu, Hua Huang, Wei-Wei Liu, Min Cao, Ze-Wei Song, Peter G. Kennedy","doi":"10.1007/s13225-024-00537-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00537-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How the four major processes affecting community assembly—selection, dispersal, drift, and diversification—solely or jointly shape co-occurring assemblages of macro- and microorganisms at the same scales remains poorly understood. Here, we delved into the distance pattern of similarity (DPS) in tree and soil fungal communities in three <i>c.</i> 20-hectare forest plots spanning tropical to temperate climates in Yunnan province, Southwest China. Specifically, we decrypted the assembly contribution of individual-based random sampling, selection and/or dispersal using drift-inexplicit ordination and drift-explicit baseline models. Surprisingly, our findings demonstrated that most soil fungal realized distribution ranges (RDR) were shorter than most trees. Because of explicitly integrating drift and the range of DPS is broader than the RDR of most trees and fungi, selection baseline models overwhelmingly captured the DPS structures in trees and fungi across spatial scales in tropical, subtropical, and subalpine forest ecosystems and that for fungi across taxonomic levels and fungal guilds. Under the premise that modeling frameworks, ecosystems, spatial scales, sample intensities, selection variables, and dispersal variables are well unified, the ubiquitous dominance of selection elucidates no fundamental difference in the assembly mechanism between trees and soil fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141489552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trends, limitations and future research in the fungi?","authors":"Kevin D. Hyde, Petr Baldrian, Yanpeng Chen, K. W. Thilini Chethana, Sybren De Hoog, Mingkwan Doilom, Antonio R. Gomes de Farias, Micael F. M. Gonçalves, Didsanutda Gonkhom, Heng Gui, Sandra Hilário, Yuwei Hu, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Sabin Khyaju, Paul M. Kirk, Petr Kohout, Thatsanee Luangharn, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Ishara S. Manawasinghe, Peter E. Mortimer, Allen Grace T. Niego, Monthien Phonemany, Birthe Sandargo, Indunil C. Senanayake, Marc Stadler, Frank Surup, Naritsada Thongklang, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Ali H. Bahkali, Arttapon Walker","doi":"10.1007/s13225-023-00532-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-023-00532-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset of botany, to a valuable, modern scientific discipline. As this field of study has grown, there have been significant contributions to science, technology, and industry, highlighting the value of fungi in the modern era. This paper looks at the current research, along with the existing limitations, and suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts, in the field mycology. We show how fungi have become important emerging diseases in medical mycology. We discuss current trends and the potential of fungi in drug and novel compound discovery. We explore the current trends in phylogenomics, its potential, and outcomes and address the question of how phylogenomics can be applied in fungal ecology. In addition, the trends in functional genomics studies of fungi are discussed with their importance in unravelling the intricate mechanisms underlying fungal behaviour, interactions, and adaptations, paving the way for a comprehensive understanding of fungal biology. We look at the current research in building materials, how they can be used as carbon sinks, and how fungi can be used in biocircular economies. The numbers of fungi have always been of great interest and have often been written about and estimates have varied greatly. Thus, we discuss current trends and future research needs in order to obtain more reliable estimates. We address the aspects of machine learning (AI) and how it can be used in mycological research. Plant pathogens are affecting food production systems on a global scale, and as such, we look at the current trends and future research needed in this area, particularly in disease detection. We look at the latest data from High Throughput Sequencing studies and question if we are still gaining new knowledge at the same rate as before. A review of current trends in nanotechnology is provided and its future potential is addressed. The importance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi is addressed and future trends are acknowledged. Fungal databases are becoming more and more important, and we therefore provide a review of the current major databases. Edible and medicinal fungi have a huge potential as food and medicines, especially in Asia and their prospects are discussed. Lifestyle changes in fungi (e.g., from endophytes, to pathogens, and/or saprobes) are also extremely important and a current research trend and are therefore addressed in this special issue of Fungal Diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140182799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species diversity of fungal pathogens on cultivated mushrooms: a case study on morels (Morchella, Pezizales)","authors":"Feng-Ming Yu, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Thatsanee Luangharn, Xiang-Yu Zeng, Cui-Jin-Yi Li, Shu-Xin Bao, Hong Ba, De-Qun Zhou, Song-Ming Tang, Kevin D. Hyde, Qi Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s13225-023-00531-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-023-00531-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mushrooms are important organisms because of their human nutritional and medicinal value. With the expansion of the cultivation of edible mushrooms, fungal diseases have become a major problem in limiting their production. Numerous fungi can cause mushroom deformation or rots. In this publication we report on fungal diseases found during <i>Morchella</i> cultivation in China, with emphasis on morphology and phylogeny to characterise species. The key findings include 1) establishment of a new family <i>Albomorchellophilaceae</i> in <i>Hypocreales</i>, and a novel monotypic genus <i>Albomorchellophila</i> with the type species <i>A. morchellae</i>. Divergence time estimates indicate that <i>Albomorchellophilaceae</i> diverged from its sister family <i>Calcarisporiaceae</i> at ca. 105 (92–120) MYA; 2) the phylogeny and morphology of the family <i>Pseudodiploosporeaceae</i> (<i>Hypocreales</i>) is revised. The family contains a single genus <i>Pseudodiploospora</i>. Intraspecific genetic analyses of <i>Pseudodiploospora longispora</i> reveals significant base differences within strains, especially in the regions of protein-coding genes <i>RPB</i> 2 and <i>TEF</i>; 3) four fungicolous taxa, i.e., <i>Cylindrodendrum alicantinum</i>, <i>Hypomyces aurantius</i>, <i>Hypomyces rosellus</i>, and <i>Trichothecium roseum</i>, are reported as putative pathogens on cultivated morels for the first time. In addition, the previously reported pathogens of morels, <i>Clonostachys rosea</i>, <i>Clonostachys solani</i>, <i>Hypomyces odoratus</i>, and <i>Pseudodiploospora longispora</i> are also detailed in their symptoms and morphology; 4) the phylogeny and morphology of “<i>Zelopaecilomyces</i>” previously placed within <i>Pseudodiploosporeaceae</i> are re-assessed. “<i>Zelopaecilomyces</i>” is proved to be introduced through a chimerism of gene fragments sourced from two distinct organisms. Consequently, it is recommended that “<i>Zelopaecilomyces</i>” should not be recognised due to the mixed up molecular data in phylogeny and a lack of support from morphological evidence. Furthermore, this study discusses the voucher specimen <i>Paecilomyces penicillatus</i> (CBS 448.69), which may contain two mixed taxa, i.e., <i>Pseudodiploospora longispora</i> and a member of <i>Penicillium</i>. Publications on pathogenic fungi of cultivated mushrooms is sporadically, which leads to a lack of understanding of causal agents. As a follow up to the diseases of morel cultivation, we also review the fungal diseases of cultivated mushrooms reported over the last four decades. More than 130 pathogens affect the growth and development of the main cultivated mushrooms. The taxonomic diversity of these pathogens is high, distributed in 58 genera, 40 families, 20 orders, 12 classes and six phyla. The host infected are from Ascomycota to Basidiomycota, mainly being reported from <i>Agaricus bisporus</i>, <i>Cordyceps militaris</i>, <i>Morchella</i> spp., and <i>Pleurotus</i> spp. This s","PeriodicalId":12471,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140032232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}