G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Congenital heart disease missense mutations in the TBX5 DNA-binding domain alter thermal stability and DNA-binding affinity.","authors":"Alejandro Rivera-Madera, Edwin G Peña-Martínez, Jean L Messon-Bird, Diego A Pomales-Matos, Oswaldo L Echevarría-Bonilla, Leandro Sanabria-Alberto, Esther A Peterson-Peguero, José A Rodríguez-Martínez","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf174","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Missense mutations can alter the biochemical properties of proteins, including stability, structure, and function, potentially contributing to the development of multiple human diseases. Mutations in TBX5, a transcription factor necessary for heart development, are among the causes of congenital heart diseases. However, further research on biophysical and biochemical mechanisms is needed to understand how missense mutations in transcription factors alter their function in regulating gene expression. In this work, we applied in vitro and in silico approaches to understand how 5 missense mutations in the TBX5 T-box DNA-binding domain (I54T, M74V, I101F, R113K, and R237W) impact protein structure, thermal stability, and DNA-binding affinity to known TBX5 cognate binding sites. Differential scanning fluorimetry showed that mutants I54T and M74V had decreased thermal stability, mutants I101F and R113K had increased stability, and R237W had no significant effect on stability. Additionally, DNA-binding affinity decreased for all 5 missense mutants when evaluated in vitro for known TBX5 genomic binding sites within regulatory elements of Nppa and Camta1 genes. Structural modeling of the TBX5 predicted altered protein conformations and stability due to the loss or gain of amino acid residue interactions. Together, our findings provide biophysical and biochemical mechanisms that can be further explored to establish causality between TBX5 missense mutations and the development of congenital heart diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel mutant allele of Mta3 in the mouse: genetic analysis of roles in immunity and androgen biology.","authors":"Kaliopi Chrysovergis, Kathryn Headley, Kathryn M Harper, Sheryl S Moy, Sara A Grimm, Wendy N Jefferson, Maria I Sifre, Debabrata Mahapatra, Yesenia Rodriguez, Carmen J Williams, Paul A Wade","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf171","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metastasis associated (MTA) proteins, encoded in mammals by 3 highly similar gene paralogs, Mta1, Mta2, and Mta3, are integral components of the nucleosome remodeling deacetylase (NuRD) complex. While biochemical and molecular studies have probed the functions of the Mta gene family, genetic data in animals is less complete. Here we report the creation of a novel allele of Mta3 in which the first 2 coding exons, which encode the bromo-adjacent homology (BAH) domain of Mta3, are deleted. Animals homozygous for this Mta3ΔBAH allele are viable, fertile, and have no obvious deleterious phenotype. Exploration of the Mta3ΔBAH allele revealed that the Mta3 locus has an unannotated promoter located between Mta3 exons 3 and 4, which is unperturbed in the Mta3ΔBAH allele, which appears to drive expression of an MTA3 protein variant lacking the BAH domain. To explore the genetic relationship of this allele to the paralog Mta1, the Mta3ΔBAH animals were crossed to animals bearing the Mta1tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi allele, no double homozygous mutant animals were recovered, indicating synthetic lethality between these 2 Mta alleles. To understand the impact of the Mta3ΔBAH allele on functions previously described ex vivo, studies were performed to examine roles of Mta3 in the immune response and in androgen biology. Mta3ΔBAH homozygous animals have modest defects in B lymphocyte activation and antibody production, which could result in a selective disadvantage in a natural environment. Conditional mutation in B lymphocytes revealed selection for cells escaping deletion in post-germinal center stages of antigen-dependent activation. Although adult Mta3ΔBAH animals did not exhibit androgen dysregulation, Mta3ΔBAH males displayed sex-dependent behaviors suggesting dysregulation during critical windows of behavioral development. These studies clarify the genetic requirements for MTA proteins in mammalian development and identify specific functions for MTA3.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family-based selection: an efficient method for increasing phenotypic variability.","authors":"Shraddha Lall, Chris Milton, Benjamin de Bivort","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf165","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persistent idiosyncrasies in behavioral phenotypes have been documented across animal taxa. These individual differences among organisms from the same genotype and reared in identical environments can result in phenotypic variability in the absence of genetic variation. While there is strong evidence to suggest that variability of traits can be heritable and determined by the genotype of an organism, little is known about how selection can specifically shape this heritable variance. Here, we describe a Python-based model of directional artificial selection for increasing the variability of a polygenic trait of interest. Specifically, our model focuses on variability in left-vs-right turn bias in Drosophila melanogaster. While the mean value of turn bias for a genotype is non-heritable and constant across genotypes, the variability of turn bias is a heritable and polygenic trait, varying dramatically among different genetic lines. Using our model, we compare different selection regimes and predict selection dynamics at population and genetic levels. We find that introducing population structure via a family-based selection regime can significantly affect selection response. When selection for increased variability is implemented on the basis of independently measured traits of individuals, the response is slower, but leads to a population with a greater genetic diversity. In contrast, when selection is implemented by measuring traits of families with half or full siblings, the response is faster, albeit with a reduced final genetic diversity in the population. Our model provides a useful starting point to study the effect of different selection regimes on any polygenic trait of interest. We can use this model to predict responses of laboratory-based selection experiments and implement feasible experiments for selection of complex polygenic traits in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited population structure but signals of recent selection in introduced African Fig Fly (Zaprionus indianus) in North America.","authors":"Priscilla A Erickson, Alexandra Stellwagen, Alyssa Bangerter, Ansleigh Gunter, Nikolaos T Polizos, Alan O Bergland","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf178","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive species have devastating consequences for human health, food security, and the environment. Many invasive species adapt to new ecological niches following invasion, but little is known about the early steps of adaptation. Here, we examine the population genomics of a recently introduced drosophilid in North America, the African Fig Fly, Zaprionus indianus. This species is likely intolerant of subfreezing temperatures and recolonizes temperate environments yearly. We generated a new chromosome-level genome assembly for Z. indianus. Using resequencing data of over 200 North American individuals collected over 4 years in temperate Virginia, along with a single collection from subtropical Florida, we tested for signatures of population structure and adaptation within invasive populations. We show that founding populations are sometimes small and contain close genetic relatives, yet temporal population structure and differentiation of populations are mostly absent across North America. However, we identify 2 haplotypes that are differentiated between African and invasive populations and show signatures of selective sweeps. Both haplotypes contain genes in the cytochrome P450 pathway, indicating these sweeps may be related to pesticide resistance. X chromosome evolution in invasive populations is strikingly different from the autosomes, and a haplotype on the X chromosome that is differentiated between Virginia and Florida populations is a candidate for temperate adaptation. These results show that despite limited population structure, populations may rapidly evolve genetic differences early in an invasion. Further uncovering how these genomic regions influence invasive potential and success in new environments will enhance our understanding of how organisms evolve in changing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved vectors for retron-mediated CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.","authors":"Tara N Stuecker, Stephanie E Hood, Julio Molina Pineda, Sonali Lenaduwe, Joshua Winter, Meru J Sadhu, Jeffrey A Lewis","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf175","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vivo site-directed mutagenesis is a powerful genetic tool for testing the effects of specific alleles in their normal genomic context. While the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses classical tools for site-directed mutagenesis, more efficient recent CRISPR-based approaches use Cas \"cutting\" combined with homologous recombination of a \"repair\" template that introduces the desired edit. However, current approaches are limited for fully prototrophic yeast strains and rely on relatively low-efficiency cloning of short gRNAs. We were thus motivated to simplify the process by combining the gRNA and its cognate repair template in cis on a single oligonucleotide. Moreover, we wished to take advantage of a new approach that uses an Escherichia coli retron (EcRT) to amplify repair templates as multi-copy single-stranded (ms)DNA in vivo, which are more efficient templates for homologous recombination. To this end, we have created a set of plasmids that express Cas9-EcRT, allowing for co-transformation with the gRNA-repair template plasmid in a single step. Our suite of plasmids contains different antibiotic (Nat, Hyg, Kan) or auxotrophic (HIS3, URA3) selectable markers, allowing for editing of fully prototrophic wild yeast strains. In addition to classic galactose induction, we generated a β-estradiol-inducible version of each plasmid to facilitate editing in yeast strains that grow poorly on galactose. The plasmid-based system results in >95% editing efficiencies for point mutations and >50% efficiencies for markerless deletions, in a minimum number of steps and time. We provide a detailed step-by-step guide on how to use this system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating allele frequencies, ancestry proportions and genotype likelihoods in the presence of mapping bias.","authors":"Torsten Günther, Amy Goldberg, Joshua G Schraiber","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf172","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Population genomic analyses rely on an accurate and unbiased characterization of the genetic composition of the studied population. For short-read, high-throughput sequencing data, mapping sequencing reads to a linear reference genome can bias population genetic inference due to mismatches in reads carrying non-reference alleles. In this study, we investigate the impact of mapping bias on allele frequency estimates from pseudohaploid data and genotype likelihoods, 2 approaches commonly used in ultra-low to medium coverage sequencing. To mitigate mapping bias, we propose an empirical adjustment to genotype likelihoods. Using data from the 1000 Genomes Project, we find that our new method improves allele frequency estimation. To test a downstream application, we simulate ancient DNA data with realistic post-mortem damage to compare widely used methods for estimating ancestry proportions under different scenarios, including reference genome selection, population divergence, and sequencing depth. Our findings reveal that mapping bias can lead to differences in estimated admixture proportion of up to 4% depending on the reference population. However, the choice of method has a much stronger impact, with some methods showing differences of 10%. qpAdm appears to perform best at estimating simulated ancestry proportions, but it is sensitive to mapping bias and its applicability may vary across species due to its requirement for additional populations beyond the sources and target population. Our adjusted genotype likelihood approach largely mitigates the effect of mapping bias on genome-wide ancestry estimates from genotype likelihood-based tools. However, it cannot account for the bias introduced by the method itself or the noise in individual site allele frequency estimates due to low sequencing depth. Overall, our study provides valuable insights for obtaining more precise estimates of allele frequencies and ancestry proportions in empirical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into the virulence repertoire and hemibiotrophic lifestyle of the grapevine black rot pathogen Phyllosticta ampelicida.","authors":"Monica Colombo, Paola Bettinelli, Jadran Garcia, Giuliana Maddalena, Silvia Laura Toffolatti, Ludger Hausmann, Silvia Vezzulli, Simona Masiero, Dario Cantù","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf186","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phyllosticta ampelicida, the causal agent of grapevine black rot, is a globally emerging pathogen that infects all grapevine green tissues, with young shoots and berries being particularly susceptible. Severe infections can result in total crop loss. To investigate its virulence repertoire, we generated a high-quality genome assembly of strain GW18.1 using long-read sequencing, resulting in 22 scaffolds, including 4 complete chromosomes and 12 chromosome arms, with a total genome size of 35.6 Mb and 10,289 predicted protein-coding genes. Two additional strains (TN2 and LB22.1) were sequenced with short reads to assess intraspecies diversity. Comparative genomics revealed a conserved virulence factor repertoire, including 314 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), 17 cytochrome P450s, 35 peroxidases, and 20 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. Trophic lifestyle prediction based on gene content supports a biotrophic-like lifestyle consistent with hemibiotrophic pathogens. Broader comparisons with other Phyllosticta species and 10 plant-pathogenic fungi pointed to species-specific features, while analysis of gene family evolution identified expansions and contractions in transporters and CAZymes. These genomic resources will support efforts to better understand and manage grapevine black rot.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and hyperspectral imaging-based prediction blending enables selection for reduced deoxynivalenol content in wheat grains.","authors":"Jonathan S Concepcion, Amanda D Noble, Addie M Thompson, Yanhong Dong, Eric L Olson","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf176","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breeding for low deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin content in wheat is challenging due to the complexity of the trait and phenotyping limitations. Since phenomic prediction relies on nonadditive effects and genomic prediction on additive effects, their complementarity can improve selection accuracy. In this study DON-infected wheat kernels were imaged using a hyperspectral camera to generate reflectance values across the spectrum of visible and near-infrared light that were used in phenomic predictions. Five Bayesian generalized linear regression models and 2 machine learning models were trained using phenomic and genomic predictions from advanced soft winter wheat breeding lines evaluated in 2021 and 2022. Across all training sets and models, phenomic predictions using wavebands in the visible light spectrum (400 to 700 nm) had higher predictive ability than genomic predictions or phenomic predictions using the full waveband range (400 to 1,000 nm). Forward prediction using 2021 trial, 2022 trial, and combined trials as the training set was performed using model blending on 2 sets of F4:5 selection candidates evaluated independently in 2022 and 2023. The phenotypic and genetic correlations, as well as indirect selection accuracies, of the model averages of phenomic predictions and combined phenomic and genomic predictions were higher than genomic predictions alone. Accuracies depended on the combination of training set and selection candidates. Unsupervised K-means clustering using the blended predicted values partitioned selection candidates into 2 groups with high and low mean observed DON content. This study demonstrates the potential of hyperspectral imaging-based phenomic prediction to complement genomic prediction and highlights considerations for prediction-based selection of low DON in wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The chromosome-level genome assembly of the slug Deroceras laeve facilitates its use as a comparative model of regeneration.","authors":"Jerónimo R Miranda-Rodríguez, Javan Okendo, Wilbert Gutiérrez-Sarmiento, Tobiáš Ber, Josef Pasulka, Kateryna Nemesh, Aranza Torrado-Tapias, Emilio Ortiz-Ávila, Obed Ramírez-Sánchez, Carlos Lozano-Flores, Luis F Hernández-Ramírez, Maribel Hernández-Rosales, Petr Svoboda, Shawn M Burgess, Alfredo Varela-Echavarría","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf164","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genome of the land slug Deroceras laeve was sequenced, assembled up to the chromosome level, and annotated for non-coding RNAs and protein-coding genes. Due to the small size of this pulmonate species, ease of laboratory culture, cosmopolitan distribution, as well as recently released anatomical and histological resources, this genomic resource creates new opportunities for the investigation of the largely unexplored mechanisms of regeneration in mollusks. Moreover, it also makes this slug an attractive model for functional genomics and evolutionary biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a novel loss-of-function waxy endosperm allele on sorghum seed development and grain quality.","authors":"Pallavi Dhiman, Shejal Soumen, Deepti Nigam, Scott R Bean, Xiaorong Wu, Gunvant B Patil, Zhanguo Xin, Yinping Jiao","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf177","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkaf177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waxy sorghum seeds, defined by reduced amylose content in starch, offer the potential for improving grain quality in food and industrial applications. While waxy endosperms arising from a nonfunctional waxy (wx) allele leading to the absence of granule-bound starch synthase enzyme have been identified in sorghum, their broader effects on seed development and grain quality remain inadequately understood. To address this gap, we identified a novel wx loss-of-function allele, \"wxe\" in the mutant population of the sorghum reference genome line BTx623. Beyond reduced amylose content, wxe exhibited increased kernel hardness, elevated protein content, reduced endosperm-to-germ ratio, and decreased kernel weight compared to the wild-type. Integrating transcriptomic, metabolomic, and seed chemistry analyses revealed coordinated regulatory changes during seed development due to disrupted amylose synthesis. This included altered starch granule structure, enhanced lipid profiles, and reduced carbohydrate content. Differentially expressed genes and transcription factors related to starch metabolism provided insights into the regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, metabolic profiling showed significant changes in the accumulation of compounds influencing flavor and nutritional properties. This study enhances our understanding of the molecular coordination of sorghum seed development and provides new insights into regulating seed development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}