G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Diploids derived from polyploids: genetic characteristics of four novel interspecific Sorghum populations.","authors":"Wenqian Kong, Pheonah Nabukalu, Stan Cox, Jaxk Reeves, Andrew H Paterson","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag165","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyploidy has repeatedly shaped grass evolution, yet direct observations of how polyploid-derived chromosomes behave when returned to diploidy remain rare. Interspecific crosses between diploid Sorghum bicolor and tetraploid hybrids derived from Sorghum halepense generate mixed-ploidy progeny, providing an opportunity to examine chromosome transmission during the early stages of diploidization. Using genome-wide SNP markers, we characterized chromosomal inheritance patterns in 2 diploid and 2 tetraploid families derived from these crosses. Genotype-dosage profiles alone distinguished diploids from tetraploids with complete accuracy, reflecting strong ploidy-dependent differences in dosage-class distributions. Although diploid progeny retained much of the halepense-derived genomic background, several genomic intervals exhibited extended, nonrandom runs of S. bicolor homozygosity that remained polymorphic in corresponding tetraploid populations. These patterns, together with recurrent segregation distortion across independent families, suggest that the transition from tetraploidy to diploidy can expose allelic combinations that differ in transmission or viability. Analyses of flowering time further indicated that diploid and tetraploid derivatives possess distinct genomic architectures, with major association peaks occurring in different chromosomal regions across ploidy levels. Collectively, these results indicate that early diploidization involves nonrandom retention and loss of parental haplotypes shaped by both selective and structural constraints. The diploid extractions characterized here provide a rare empirical system for investigating the early stages of diploidization and a practical framework for studying and eventually mobilizing polyploid-derived variation for sorghum germplasm development. However, broader integration into elite breeding programs will require additional evaluation of cross-fertility, meiotic behavior, and chromosomal stability across diverse breeding backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A marine-derived fungal genome of Annulohypoxylon annulatoides reveals AT-rich isochores with putative regulatory functions.","authors":"Che-Yu Thiat-Ut Kuo, Yu-Ching Liu, Cheng-Ju Yang, Chieh-Ping Lin, Hung-Wei Chen, Huei-Mei Hsieh, Yu-Ming Ju, Tsui-Hua Liu, Yi-Chien Lee, Isheng Jason Tsai","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag192","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine and coastal fungi experience intense environmental variability, yet the genomic features associated with tolerance to such conditions remain unclear. From 56 fungal isolates collected along the Lailai rocky shore in northern Taiwan, we selected the coastal isolate Annulohypoxylon annulatoides RYS0019 for phenotypic and genomic investigation because of its prevalence and distinctive stress-response profile. Compared with 5 bark-derived conspecific strains, RYS0019 showed distinct growth and recovery dynamics under salinity, temperature, and UV-associated stress treatments. We generated a high-quality 41.8 Mb de novo genome assembly with 11,523 predicted proteins and compared it with 15 other Hypoxylaceae genomes. Across Annulohypoxylon genomes, we identified variably sized and dispersed AT-rich isochores that are repeat-enriched and gene-poor. Despite variation in AT content, core gene content and Pfam domain profiles remained broadly conserved. Most AT-rich isochores were embedded within syntenically conserved regions and showed limited positional conservation across species, supporting recurrent, lineage-specific formation or expansion after species divergence. These regions also exhibit several sequence and structural features consistent with scaffold/matrix attachment regions, raising the possibility that they influence higher-order genome organization or context-dependent regulation. Together, our findings identify repeat-rich genome architecture as a dynamic feature of Annulohypoxylon genome evolution and provide a framework for testing how such regions may contribute to fungal environmental flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148435888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complete sequence of the silkworm W chromosome uncovers its rapid evolution by large-scale duplications/deletions and translocation of W-linked genes.","authors":"Wanshun Li, Hiroaki Abe, Yue Chen, Jianqiu Liu, Yanjue Wang, Masahiro Ajimura, Shenglong Li, Yingdan Xiao, Huizhen Guo, Jiaqi Wu, Yajing Xu, Xue Yang, XiaoXue Yang, Shaopeng Hao, Qihue He, Tsuguru Fujii, Ken Sahara, Atsuo Yoshido, Yusuke Takehana, Kiyoshi Naruse, Kallare P Arunkumar, Marian R Goldsmith, Guy Smagghe, František Marec, Qingyou Xia, Kazuei Mita","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag170","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complete sequence of the W chromosome, which carries feminization activity in the silkworm, is crucial for understanding the sex-determination system in Lepidoptera. However, extensive accumulation of transposons due to lack of recombination, the very rare protein-coding genes and almost no information about molecular markers has hindered full W sequencing. We report the first complete silkworm W sequence (T2T_W, 11683305 bp) obtained by combining sequencing-assembly technologies and newly developed error detection methods, evaluated with genetically mapped W-RAPD markers, W-mutants, and W-derived BAC clones. The T2T_W sequence showed that the W is composed of a massive 92% accumulation of transposons and repeat sequences, among which the main constituents are intact LTR/LINE retrotransposons indicating recent expansions. In addition to Fem clusters producing Fem piRNA (Feminizer-derived PIWI-interacting RNA), we found 26 protein-coding genes in the W sequence. These include four gene pairs encoding zinc-finger motifs designated z1:z20 and a gene encoding serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 1-like (SRRM1-like). To identify candidate genes for female sex-determination and differentiation we also sequenced the shortest W (3.8 Mb) from a translocation mutant with feminizing activity, which harbored four conventional genes: a Fem cluster, a pair of z1:z20 isoforms, z20-S, and a SRRM1-like gene. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that z1:z20 originated from a copy of an autosomal zinc-finger gene pair, z2:z21, translocated onto the W around 2.43 Mya and subsequently amplified to yield 4 W-linked zinc-finger gene pairs. The complete W sequence revealed that large-scale deletions and amplifications played a significant role in W chromosome evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using deep learning models as a genetic architecture for the simulation of breeding schemes.","authors":"Olumide Onabanjo, Theo Meuwissen, Hans Magnus Gjøen, Emre Karaman, Thinh T Chu, Peer Berg","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag187","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In several simulation studies, long-term selection led to the rapid depletion of genetic variance. These outcomes differ from real-life observations that we aim to replicate, thereby highlighting a fundamental limitation of current classical quantitative genetic simulation models. Deep learning (DL) models have demonstrated promising results in capturing complex interactions essential for maintaining genetic variance; thus, we hypothesize that DL-based genetic simulation models may preserve more genetic variance than classical models, because the biological pathways underlying complex traits exhibit interactions that classical models ignore. The primary objective of this study was to introduce alternative DL-based genetic simulation models and compare them with classical genetic simulation models in terms of their retention of additive genetic variance under truncation selection in a simulated full-sib pig breeding scheme using real haplotypes as founders. After 20 generations of directional truncation selection, the classical models (A, ADAA, and ADAAADDD) retained between 55% and 64% of their initial additive genetic variance. In contrast, while the DL_simple model lost all its additive variance, the DL medium retained 92% to 98% of its additive variance, and the DL_complex model's initial additive variance increased by 296% to 314%. This paper introduces DL-based genetic simulation models and concludes that their ability to retain additive genetic variance depends on the models' architectural complexity. When sufficiently complex, DL-based models exhibit greater retention of additive genetic variance because they intrinsically capture epistatic interactions that are converted into additive variance, as selection progresses, thus, affirming the role of non-additive genetic effects in maintaining long-term genetic variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome evolution and long-term demographic history in true crocodiles.","authors":"Ana M Saldarriaga-Gómez, Agusto Luzuriaga-Neira, Mario Vargas-Ramírez, George Amato, Evon Hekkala","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag178","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reference-quality genomes remain scarce for true crocodiles (Crocodylus), limiting comparative analyses of genome evolution and demographic history. Here, we generated and analyzed 2 long-read genomes, 1 for Crocodylus intermedius and 1 for C. niloticus, to investigate genome architecture, coalescent effective population size (Ne), and patterns of molecular evolution across crocodilians. Comparative analyses revealed broadly similar repeat landscapes in both species and extensive macro-synteny with Alligator sinensis, indicating strong structural conservation across crocodilian genomes. Using phased diploid assemblies and MSMC2, we reconstructed historical Ne trajectories and found marked differences between species. Crocodylus intermedius exhibited persistently low Ne throughout most of the late Quaternary, with a pronounced decline during the Late Pleistocene-early Holocene transition. In contrast, C. niloticus showed substantially larger Ne over comparable time intervals. Genome-wide codon-based analyses identified significant heterogeneity in dN/dS (ω) among crocodilian lineages. Crocodylus niloticus showed the lowest genome-wide ω, whereas elevated values in C. intermedius and other lineages were consistent with reduced long-term efficacy of purifying selection under smaller historical population sizes. Branch-site tests identified candidate genes under positive selection in both focal species, with functional categories related to ion transport, endocrine regulation, and cellular signaling. Together, these results provide genomic resources for Crocodylus and support an association between long-term demographic history and genome-wide patterns of molecular evolution across crocodilians.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annotated genome assemblies of two temperate North American dung beetles, Canthon chalcites and Phanaeus vindex.","authors":"Gwendolyn F Stark, Karin R L van der Burg, Alexander J Coverley, Katie E Marshall, Kimberly S Sheldon","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag194","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dung beetles serve as cultivators of their natural habitats, improving soil health and functions in both natural and anthropogenic environments. Despite their ecological importance, whole genome sequences for Scarabaeinae are limited. Here, we present the draft annotated genome assemblies for 2 temperate species of North American dung beetles collected from eastern Tennessee: Canthon chalcites and Phanaeus vindex. Both genome assemblies were generated from PacBio long reads and have high completeness, with BUSCO scores of 98.1% and 98.6% for C. chalcites and P. vindex, respectively. For C. chalcites, the BRAKER3 pipeline predicted 12,799 genes, and the gene set was 93.7% complete. For P. vindex, the BRAKER3 predicted 12,252 genes, and the gene set was 94.9% complete. From the annotated gene sets, orthologous protein sequence analyses among C. chalcites, P. vindex, the dung beetle species Onthophagus taurus, and the more evolutionarily distant beetle Tribolium castaneum indicated that there are 260 unique protein clusters for C. chalcites and 210 unique protein clusters for P. vindex. These 2 draft genomes provide valuable data for comparative genomics, evolution, and phylogenic studies for dung beetle species.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare variant analysis of whole genome sequenced juvenile idiopathic arthritis multiplex pedigrees identifies rare variants in NOD2 and ACVR1.","authors":"Cecile N Avery, Edgar J Hernandez, Sandy G Kazuko, John F Bohnsack, Marc Sudman, Sampath Prahalad, Kaitlin Radmall, Aimee O Hersh, Anthea Letsou, Lynn B Jorde","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag193","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a complex rheumatic disease that is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Linkage and genome-wide association studies have identified genes that contribute to the risk of developing juvenile idiopathic arthritis but are limited in their ability to identify disease-risk variants of large effect. Penetrant, heritable risk variants can be detected in high-risk families, but such cases are uncommon due to the low prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. This study utilizes whole-genome sequencing of 23 multiplex families, the largest such cohort to date, to discover variants and genes relevant to JIA pathogenesis. Pathogenic variants in NOD2 associated with Blau syndrome, an ultra-rare Mendelian inflammatory disorder, are the most recurrent variants in the cohort, consistent with previous reports that milder presentations of Blau syndrome are oftentimes misdiagnosed as juvenile idiopathic arthritis. For the first time, however, rare variants in ACVR1 and SMAD6, integral components of the Bone Morphogenic Protein pathway, are found to be associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Identified ACVR1 variants map to critical protein domains. AlphaFold modeling predicts that the ACVR1 interaction with its inhibitor OGT is disrupted by these variants, indicating that the patient-mutated protein has a gain-of-function phenotype. Drosophila melanogaster expressing either a wild-type or patient-mutated version of ACVR1 exhibit embryonic lethality, with the mutant exhibiting 1.4-fold greater lethality than wild-type. The combination of family-based cohorts for gene discovery, AI-based computational tools, and animal model studies for tests of variant function underscores shared disease pathogenesis between JIA and monogenic disorders of immunity and connective tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signal, noise, and sampling: How pool size and replication shape metabolomic inference.","authors":"David L Hubert, Dylan L Porter, Ryan D Robinson, Maya E Mijares, Elmira Ahmadian, Kenneth R Arnold, Mark A Phillips","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag249","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolomics provides direct insight into physiological state, but for small organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, it typically requires pooling individuals to obtain sufficient material. Pool sizes vary widely across studies with little justification, and the impact pooling and biological replication have on metabolomic characterization and signal detection remains poorly understood. We evaluated the effects of pool size and biological replication on metabolomic profiles and signal detection using two complementary designs in D. melanogaster. First, we tested how pooling (5, 50, or 100 individuals) affects metabolomic structure and reproducibility in inbred and outbred populations. Second, we tested how pool size interacts with replicate number to affect detection of diet-associated metabolite changes under a high-sugar perturbation. Pool size shaped metabolomic profiles: pools of five individuals consistently differed from larger pools, which improved reproducibility in a dataset-dependent manner. In the dietary experiment, smaller pools showed reduced sensitivity, detecting fewer true diet-associated metabolites without increasing false discoveries, and replicate downsampling showed that pool size and replication independently shape signal retention. Detection depended on effect size and variability: metabolites with larger, more stable effects were consistently retained, while smaller more variable effects were rapidly lost under reduced sampling. Beta-binomial modeling confirmed that detection probability reflects a balance between signal strength and measurement variability, with pool size and replicate number independently shaping this relationship. Together, these results show that metabolomic inference depends on the interplay of signal, noise, and sampling design, with pool size and replication jointly shaping the detectability, stability, and interpretation of biological signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable medium-density genotyping platforms for cultivar identification, pedigree authentication, marker-assisted and genomic selection, and other applications in strawberry.","authors":"Dominique D A Pincot, Joshua A Sleper, Randi A Famula, Cindy M Lopéz, Dianne Velasco, Maher Al Rwahnih, Allison Krill-Brown, Vance M Whitaker, Steven J Knapp, Mitchell J Feldmann","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag191","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A broad spectrum of high-density genotyping approaches, including single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, genotyping-by-sequencing, and whole-genome reduced-representation sequencing, have been shown to perform well in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), despite the inherent complexity of the octoploid genome. While these approaches are effective, their routine deployment in breeding programs can be constrained by cost, computational requirements, and workflow complexity. In parallel, many breeding programs continue to rely on locus-specific assays for marker-assisted selection, resulting in fragmented and inefficient genotyping strategies. Here, we describe medium-density amplicon-based genotyping platforms for strawberry designed to provide cost-effective, turnkey solutions that integrate markers used for marker-assisted selection with genome-wide markers suitable for genomic prediction in a single laboratory assay. These platforms were developed by targeting 1,650 or 4,811 target SNPs via amplicon sequencing, and are interoperable with existing high-density genotyping resources, including a widely used 50K SNP array, thereby facilitating data integration across platforms. We benchmarked their performance relative to the 50K SNP array across breeding-relevant applications, including identity and purity testing, pedigree authentication, marker-assisted selection, and genomic selection, and further evaluated the feasibility of genotype imputation to enhance genome-wide information content. Across analyses, the 1,650- and 4,811-amplicon platforms produced results comparable to higher-density platforms while substantially reducing genotyping cost and analytical overhead. This work demonstrates that targeted amplicon-based genotyping can support efficient, scalable, and integrated genome-informed breeding, enabling the routine application of both marker-assisted and genomic selection within strawberry breeding workflows. Open-source R workflows are provided to support streamlined analyses in breeding contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No evidence of sex-ratio meiotic drive associated with the X-linked In(1)Be inversion in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Madison E An, David J Begun","doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag181","DOIUrl":"10.1093/g3journal/jkag181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex-ratio (SR) X chromosomes are selfish genetic elements that increase the rate of X chromosome transmission in species with a heterogametic sex, violating Mendel's first law of segregation. In particular, heterogametic males carrying SR X chromosomes produce a greater number of X-bearing sperm than Y-bearing sperm and thus produce a greater number of female than male offspring. SR X chromosomes have been observed in several taxa, including multiple Drosophila species. However, no convincing examples of a strong SR X chromosome have been identified in Drosophila melanogaster. There have been few reports of weak SR X chromosomes segregating in D. melanogaster, including speculation of the X-linked inversion In(1)Be being associated with an SR phenotype. We sought to investigate if the In(1)Be inversion is associated with an SR by measuring the offspring SR in genetically controlled experiments. In our experiments, we found no significant differences in SR between karyotype or across our generated lines, suggesting that in the genetic background we used, there is no SR phenotype associated with the In(1)Be inversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12468,"journal":{"name":"G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}