Forest Policy and Economics最新文献

{"title":"Actor-centered power and forest governance: Can a conceptual framework help us understand the conflict in managing national parks in Vietnam?","authors":"Nhinh Thi Do ,&nbsp;Thorkil Casse ,&nbsp;Ta Viet Ton","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forests are often a battleground between officials and local people. Management of national parks (NPs) in Vietnam demonstrates this struggle well. Based on the Actor-Centered Power (ACP) concept, this study uses power mechanisms, namely coercion, incentives, and information to illustrate how park administration expanded its control of local people and forest resources. Establishing NPs in northern (Lào Cai) and central (Đắk Lắk) Vietnam led to a surge in tensions between park staff and local people concerning their constrained access to forest resources. Meanwhile, deforestation and biodiversity loss continued to happen inside the NPs since the forest management officers benefited from the new control of natural resources. The breakdown of power mechanisms allowed for a description and analysis of the use of power and local people's reactions. In future studies using the ACP approach, the outcome of the power struggles in forest areas is crucial, and the inclusion of a third party in the analysis is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the gendered division of labour in Swedish forestry: What has changed the last decade?","authors":"Andersson Elias ,&nbsp;Johansson Maria","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Swedish labour market is relatively gender segregated and the forest sector is no exception, with a dominance of men among forest owners, users and employees. Gender segregation affects working conditions and constitutes a significant obstacle to gender equality. Within the forest sector, awareness and efforts linked to gender equality have increased over the last decade through e.g., the sector's national gender-equality strategy launched in 2011 and a sector-specific #metoo appeal in 2017. In relation to the strategy, men and women with higher-education degrees in forestry were surveyed about their conditions and experiences in the forest labour market. The survey showed, among other things, clear patterns of gender segregation. A decade after, this study revisits the survey, with 860 responses and a response rate of 53 %, to investigate whether and how conditions, experiences and gender segregation have changed. The result shows a small decline in the overall gender segregation, but a persistence with respect to employer, work area and professional function. This affects and shapes men's and women's experience of, and conditions for, their work, which contribute to, for example, that women have been exposed to discrimination and harassment and left the sector to a greater extent than men.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Douglas-fir management in the U.S. Pacific northwest: Integrating timber prices, thinning strategies, and harvest age decisions","authors":"Andres Susaeta","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an optimal control model is developed to simultaneously determine the optimal thinning paths and harvest ages for Douglas-fir stands in the U.S Pacific Northwest, considering various thinning strategies, stochastic timber prices, and productivity conditions. The analysis generally indicates that a maximum of two thinnings is optimal for Douglas-fir across all productivity levels and price processes. Incorporating thinnings under stochastic timber prices results in significantly higher land values compared to unthinned Douglas-fir stands. For instance, with a fixed thinning rate, land values increase by 25.1 % ($330.8/acre) and 59.7 % ($1375.9/acre) under independent and identically distributed (<em>iid</em>) prices for low and high productivity levels, respectively. When thinning intensities are determined endogenously, land values rise by 108.1 % ($1426.8/acre) and 91.2 % ($2102.8/acre) with first-order autoregressive prices. The first-order autoregressive price process generally results in higher land values compared to the iid process. Both timber price models yield the same number of thinnings at the same ages; however, the thinning intensity is lower under the first-order autoregressive model when thinning rates are endogenously determined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103490"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does international climate finance contribute to the adoption of zero deforestation policies? Insights from Brazil and Indonesia","authors":"Heiner von Lüpke ,&nbsp;Bence Mármarosi ,&nbsp;Charlotte Aebischer ,&nbsp;Egor Trushin ,&nbsp;Martha Bolaños ,&nbsp;Thomas Webb ,&nbsp;Eros Nascimento ,&nbsp;Djoko Suroso ,&nbsp;Gustavo Breviglieri","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International climate finance (ICF) is a critical mechanism for reducing deforestation and supporting global climate cooperation, yet its effectiveness is often questioned on account of scale and implementation challenges. This paper addresses the question whether ICF, implemented through Official Development Assistance (ODA), is catalysing policy adoption in the land use, land use change, and forestry (LULUCF) sectors of Brazil and Indonesia and henceforth contributes to global climate cooperation. We deploy a novel analytical framework, which assesses the role of ICF in transnational policy processes, and analyse how international and domestic factors influence its effectiveness in supporting LULUCF policy adoption. We find that ICF actors are caught in a dilemma between stated objectives of policy reform and ambitious transformational change while at the same time have their legitimacy questioned as participants in domestic policy processes. Ultimately, political access to decision making spheres on policy adoption for climate and land use are denied to them. In Brazil, competing coalitions debate the implementation of the national forest law, while in Indonesia, ICF is confined to technocratic policy spheres, leaving critical decisions to the political economy sphere. Our findings suggest that for ICF to be effective in catalysing policy adoption and global cooperation, it must address legitimacy concerns through political dialogue and shift from ODA approaches towards equitable cooperation, which involves donors' policy efforts as well. To be politically attractive, better alignment of ICF with national development objectives is also crucial, which could take the form of just transition for climate and land use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103480"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of agricultural employment, gross domestic product, informal economy, institutional quality on forest cover in Ecuador","authors":"Brayan Tillaguango ,&nbsp;Rafael Alvarado ,&nbsp;Munir Ahmad ,&nbsp;Abdul Rehman ,&nbsp;Cem Işık ,&nbsp;José Chamba","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protecting watersheds and conserving life in terrestrial ecosystems is associated with the presence of native forests. Forest conservation is an urgent environmental objective that promotes countries' sustainable development. This study empirically examines the impact of agricultural employment, Gross Domestic Product per capita, the informal economy, and institutional quality on forest cover in Ecuador. The research covers the period from 1990 to 2022. We employ advanced time series data techniques, which can accommodate time and frequency to determine the trajectory of forest cover. We provide robust empirical evidence demonstrating that agricultural employment, Gross Domestic Product per capita, the informal economy, institutional quality, and forest cover cointegrate when structural breaks, time, and frequency are considered. In the long term, agricultural employment and institutional quality have a positive impact on forest cover, whereas Gross Domestic Product per capita and the informal economy have a negative impact. Furthermore, agricultural employment and institutional quality have a Fourier causality relationship with forest cover. Environmental policymakers in Ecuador should encourage the regulation of informal economic activities and actively promote forest conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deforestation and economic dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa: Does electricity fluctuations matter on forest conversion?","authors":"Hassan Swedy Lunku ,&nbsp;Zaiyang Li ,&nbsp;Felix Exavery Tebo","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electricity fluctuations and deforestation in tropical forests and developing countries are significant threats to the environment and climate change, influencing forest, land degradation, and biodiversity loss. The inconsistent energy supply such as electricity forces industries and households to rely heavily on expensive and polluting alternatives, especially in rural areas, further straining economic resources and contributing to deforestation. This study contributes to the existing literature by assessing different shapes of Environmental Kuznets Curves for deforestation (EKCd) on economic development and forest conversion in the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region, dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) with homogeneity variance characteristic used with a balanced panel data from 2000 to 2020. The results show the presence of inverted U-, N-, and conventional M-EKCd, economic growth indicates to influence the forest transition proposition and increasing rural-urban accessibility of electricity, clean fuels, and technologies for cooking influence a reduction of forest conversion rates in the region. The study found significant impacts on the growing population, international trade, and agricultural area; hence, the current study suggested that enhanced environmental policy and collaboration with advancements in clean energy accessibility can reduce deforestation rates and pave the way for inclusive development and sustainable forest resource exploitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovating forest science education through problem-based learning: Insights from a public university in Brazil","authors":"Luiza Lucena ,&nbsp;Audrey Robeson ,&nbsp;Cassiano José Lages Marinho Falcão ,&nbsp;Lorena Paulina ,&nbsp;Ana Clara Santana ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Hakamada","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolving market's demand for forest science professionals with dynamic skills and interdisciplinary knowledge calls for an urgent and renewed look at forest science education methods to produce professionals ready to tackle ‘real world’ challenges and climate change issues. Integrating problem-based learning (PBL) in forest science education offers a promising avenue to align the current demand for dynamic forest science professionals and teaching approaches in forest science programs. However, while PBL has been extensively studied in various educational settings, limited research studies document its application in forest sciences education, particularly in the context of Brazilian public universities. This study explores the perceived learning outcomes of a group of forest engineering students exposed to PBL and the challenges associated with implementing it in a public university in Brazil. We developed a survey to assess the perceived learning outcomes of 32 students exposed to the PBL methodology. The survey instrument comprised nine questions designed to measure students' self-assessment of learning outcomes. Overall, we found that students reported the development of skills in field experience, technical knowledge, teamwork, communication, interpersonal relationship, and more. The findings from this study highlight the potential of PBL in forest science education and provide insights into how this approach can better prepare students to become dynamic forest science professionals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 103476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentality and the making of compliant subjects: Insights from collaborative forest management innovations in Southwestern Ghana","authors":"Ransford Sackey ,&nbsp;Lawrence Kwabena Brobbey ,&nbsp;Eric Mensah Kumeh ,&nbsp;Joana Akua Serwaa Ameyaw","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shifting from a coercive to a collaborative approach that engenders equity in processes and outcomes from forest management remains an aspiration in forest governance in many countries. Whereas several studies have analyzed how national policy changes and international developments collectively influence this change, the nature of the subjects created by the transition remains an open question. Drawing on the literature on governmentality and environmentality, we develop a framework along a compliant-resistance axis to analyze the different subjects created by two collaborative forest management innovations in Ghana: the modified taungya system and community forest monitoring. Analyzing data from 37 key informant interviews and three focus groups in a priority biodiversity hotspot of the country, the Krokosua Hills Forest Reserve, we identified four main types of subjects emerging from both initiatives: participatory, transformative, opportunistic and passive. Opportunistic subjects embrace both initiatives as a legitimate cover to encroach upon and convert various forest reserve areas to farmlands. Transformative subjects, such as <em>environpreneurs</em>, leverage both initiatives to establish \"green businesses\" that support forest rehabilitation and provide non-forest products, reducing people's dependency on the protected area. However, the subjects we identified neither adequately question the power of the state or non-governmental organizations over forest management nor challenge the inequalities these actors create when they restrict forest-fringe communities' access to their local environment while simultaneously opening these spaces to timber contractors and foreign investors under various schemes. Understanding the conditions that enable forest-fringe communities to overcome this challenge is an area for further study. Such insights are essential for promoting equity in ways that repair relationships between power-differentiated actors and their local environment, ultimately enabling nature recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 103475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does gender really matter? How demographics and site characteristics influence behavior and attitudes of German small-scale private forest owners","authors":"Peter Hansen ,&nbsp;Malin Tiebel ,&nbsp;Tobias Plieninger ,&nbsp;Andreas Mölder","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When analyzing management behaviors of small-scale private forest owners, demographic variables such as income, age, or profession, and land characteristics such as forest holding size often emerge as important drivers. However, gender is frequently used in targeted outreach, even though the other variables regularly show higher predictive power. To shed light on this discussion, we examined the influences of a broad set of predictors including both land characteristics and sociodemographic factors such as gender on management activities, owner goals, perceived obstacles, and conservation attitudes as response variables. We used a questionnaire survey to collect quantitative data from 1268 small-scale private forest owners in northwestern Germany. Random forest models were used to predict the responses and to rank the predictors according to their variable importance. We found that the size of forest holdings often had a strong influence on economic activities, while the amount of broadleaf forest was important for conservation-oriented management decisions. While gender-specific outreach is a strong tool to empower formerly marginalized forest owner groups, gender was not found to be an important predictor of forest management activities in our analyses. We advocate considering other characteristics when conceiving communication with forest owners. In order to design carefully targeted policy instruments and outreach to forest owners, we propose a set of easily accessible owner parameters and land characteristics. These factors can guide more individualized conservation outreach strategies in small-scale private forests that are embedded in the overall livelihood systems of their owners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 103427"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability performance of community forest enterprises (CFES) in Cameroon: Pathways to viable business models","authors":"Serge Mandiefe Piabuo ,&nbsp;Marjanke Hoogstra-Klein ,&nbsp;Verina Ingram ,&nbsp;Hens Runhaar ,&nbsp;Serge Mandiefe Piabuo ,&nbsp;Marjanke Hoogstra-Klein ,&nbsp;Verina Ingram ,&nbsp;Divine Foundjem-Tita ,&nbsp;Peter A. Minang ,&nbsp;Lalisa Duguma ,&nbsp;Hens Runhaar","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community forestry has evolved from devolved forest management to the valorisation of forest resources for community development. Community forest enterprises (CFEs) now apply business approaches to enhance economic, social, and environmental outcomes. However, limited research has evaluated CFE performance in tropical countries across these dimensions. This paper proposes a contextualized multi-dimensional framework to evaluate CFEs' performance and applies it to nine CFEs in Cameroon. Data were collected from income and expenditure statements, forest land-use transects, satellite image analysis, and focus group discussions. The study evaluates the performance of Community Forest Enterprises (CFEs) in Cameroon using a multi-dimensional framework. The majority (66.67 %) are intermediate performers, with scores between 2.5 and 3. However, they score poorly on the economic dimension, making them intermediate but skewed performers with better scores on social and environmental dimensions. Only 11.11 % CFE is classified as an effective performer, with scores of three or above on all dimensions. The study found that CFEs face significant challenges in effectively allocating resources to trade in forest products and generating profits, resulting in poor economic performance. However, they perform better in investing in social projects, employing community members, and reducing illegal logging and agricultural expansion. Financial and technical support, policy coordination, and institutional collaboration are needed to improve performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 103470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}