Forest Policy and Economics最新文献

{"title":"Calibrating a regional growth and yield model for statewide forest carbon assessment in four common forest types in Minnesota, USA","authors":"Matthew B. Russell ,&nbsp;John M. Zobel ,&nbsp;David C. Wilson ,&nbsp;Marcella A. Windmuller-Campione ,&nbsp;Tyler S. Gifford ,&nbsp;John DuPlissis ,&nbsp;Christopher B. Edgar","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how forest carbon is stored and sequestered requires a quantitative understanding of how different forest management strategies shape the structure and composition of forests. Essential to this includes parameterizing growth and yield models to depict complex silvicultural strategies and calibrating them to localized stand conditions and growth observations. This project used Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data as inputs to the Lake States variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS-LS) to calibrate and forecast forest carbon attributes in Minnesota, USA for 100 years across the four most commonly managed forest types in the state (aspen/birch, red pine, northern hardwoods, and lowland conifers) and four forest management scenarios: (1) no management, (2) business as usual, (3), economic intensive, and (4) climate-adapted. Previous measurements collected from trees on FIA plots were used to calibrate the mortality and growth modifiers and add an appropriate number of regenerating trees to the FVS-LS simulations to closely approximate forest development observed in Minnesota. Simulations showed that forests in the no management and climate-adapted scenarios generally contained the greatest carbon stocks (including above and belowground carbon in the forest and in harvested wood products) at the end of the 100-year simulation. Across the 100-year simulation for all four forest types, average carbon stock change was highest in the climate-adapted and no management scenarios (1.36 and 1.26 Mg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, respectively) followed by business as usual and economic intensive scenarios (1.20 and 0.78 Mg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, respectively).These results show the opportunity for calibrating existing growth and yield models for forest carbon assessments and how different forest management scenarios can lead to divergent forest carbon outcomes when simulated on a statewide basis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 103710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146001808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of extreme disturbance events on the economic attractiveness of stand types: A Monte Carlo simulation-based study","authors":"Reyhaneh Farahani ,&nbsp;Jonathan Fibich ,&nbsp;Johannes Mohr ,&nbsp;Cornelius Senf ,&nbsp;Thomas Knoke","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme disturbance events pose major challenges for sustainable forest management. Quantifying the economic impacts of such events is essential for developing adaptive strategies. We present a comparative stand-level assessment framework that evaluates land expectation value (LEV) and conditional value at risk (CVaR, the average of the worst 5% of LEV outcomes) by explicitly integrating rare disturbance events into forest economic simulations. Probabilities for extreme disturbances were estimated using Taylor's law, which links the mean and variance of disturbance rates, and were combined with Monte Carlo simulations for four major Central European tree species and a mixed stand under different climate scenarios. Our analysis distinguishes between background mortality (hazards predicted by established statistical survival models) and extreme disturbances (low-probability, high-impact events), providing a comprehensive economic assessment. Results show that including extreme disturbances substantially reduces LEV and worsens CVaR, with large variation across stand types. Norway spruce is most affected, with additional LEV losses above €3000 ha⁻¹ and CVaR declines up to €7000 ha⁻¹. Douglas fir maintains high mean returns but faces considerable downside risk (CVaR declines up to €3600 ha⁻¹). Silver fir and mixed stand experience moderate impacts, while European beech performs worst, with consistently low or negative returns. By integrating disturbance probabilities into forest economics, this study quantifies both expected and worst-case outcomes. The findings suggest that while Douglas fir remains profitable on average, silver fir and mixed stand tend to provide a more balanced performance under future disturbance regimes, although broader conclusions require landscape-level analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of a field: A systematic review of reviews on forestry and the forest-based sector in Europe","authors":"M. Moure ,&nbsp;C.-E. Pless ,&nbsp;M. Lovrić ,&nbsp;A. Giurca ,&nbsp;O. Brendel ,&nbsp;I. Zivojinovic ,&nbsp;J. García-Jaca ,&nbsp;J. Chalard ,&nbsp;S. Krajter Ostoić ,&nbsp;A. Sergent ,&nbsp;D. Vuletić ,&nbsp;N. Strange","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study applies PRISMA guidelines to map and analyze trends and patterns in evidence synthesis within the field of Forestry and Forest-based Sector (F&amp;FS). Given the role of evidence synthesis in shaping research priorities and informing policy, the study investigates potential biases in evidence synthesized by examining different forms of synthesis (i.e. systematic and non-systematic), topics covered and geographical distribution of underpinning studies. Following a thorough expert-led classification of F&amp;FS topics, we identified 35,015 reviews from Europe, of which 642 were systematic. Although rapidly growing, systematic literature reviews (SLRs) still account for under 1% of all scientific production in F&amp;FS (∼5% of all evidence synthesis). Reviewed topics are dominated by management, biodiversity and climate change, even though the field is sprawling away from core silviculture themes and into more transdisciplinary issues. However, SLRs are more abundant in health-related and social science topics compared to non-systematic reviews, while syntheses of forest technologies and forest products are underrepresented. We also find an uneven geographical distribution of systematized evidence, South-eastern Europe the least and Mediterranean-Northern-Western Europe the most represented. Factors best explaining observed patterns are investment in Research &amp; Development and economic contribution of value in million US dollars added in the forest sector. Our results show evidence synthesis within the F&amp;FS field comes with structural biases in selected research themes, geographical distribution, and methodological approaches. The resulting partial understanding of the knowledge base may influence not only scientific agendas but also policy priorities, assuming such evidence is taken up by policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social, economic, and policy aspects of cross-laminated timber: A review of emerging literature and future research needs","authors":"Alexander Bremner ,&nbsp;Neelam C. Poudyal ,&nbsp;Prakash Nepal ,&nbsp;Consuelo Brandeis ,&nbsp;Adam Taylor ,&nbsp;Richard Bergman","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Production of Cross-laminated timber (CLT), which is the most widely used mass timber product, for use in large-scale building construction has been increasing as an alternative to traditional building materials. While knowledge on the environmental and engineering aspects of mass timber, such as CLT, has been well documented in wood science and engineering literature, little is established regarding the social, economic, and policy aspects. Peer-reviewed publications were examined to establish current knowledge and future research gaps for cross-laminated timber and mass timber systems. Research on these aspects of mass timber is emerging but remains isolated and sporadic. This article synthesizes current research on these topics and identifies future research needs. Remaining gaps include product and lifecycle cost, regional impacts, recyclability, carbon credit potential, small diameter timber and hardwood lumber utilization, policy and incentive programs, and current public perception of cross-laminated timber and mass timber in general. Findings from this study will benefit researchers and other stakeholders in the wood industry and offer guidance on future research opportunities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Adopting the palm oil moratorium under external pressure: Indonesia's response to the EU's RED II” [Forest Policy and Economics, Volume 182 (January 2026), Article 103692]","authors":"Wahyu Wulandari ,&nbsp;Testriono ,&nbsp;Moch Faisal Karim","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103697","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incentivizing climate-smart forestry: Analyzing forest landowners' willingness to accept incentives for extended forest rotation","authors":"Miah Maye M. Pormon ,&nbsp;Joan U. Ureta ,&nbsp;Marzieh Motallebi ,&nbsp;Michael Vassalos","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing forest carbon sequestration through effective forest management is a promising climate change mitigation strategy. One key Climate-Smart Forestry (CSF) practice is extending the rotation age of trees, which increases their carbon storage potential. Despite the growing attention and funding for CSF, there is a significant need in understanding forest owners' decision-making and their willingness to adopt these practices, particularly extended rotation. This study aims to determine the willingness to accept (WTA) of forest owners towards the attributes of prolonged rotation programs (i.e., contract duration, payment schedule, incentive amount) and to determine the key drivers and barriers of adoption. A choice experiment approach was used to estimate the WTA of forest owners in South Carolina. Results show that forest owners prefer shorter contracts and annual or staged installment payments. Moreover, financial incentive is the primary driver for program participation, while working with extension associates served as one of the main barriers. The findings could provide valuable insights for policymakers in designing compensation-related policies to increase forest owner participation in CSF programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103706"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial accounting of Douglas fir management","authors":"Petri P. Kärenlampi","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A recent Douglas fir management investigation is repeated in terms of accounting measures. The rotation times become much shorter than in earlier results. Thinnings do not become feasible, provided the thinning effects on the volumetric yield function do not evolve in time. Necessity and procedures for developing the underlying yield model are identified. Evolving prices and expenses break the periodic boundary condition in monetary quantities: profit rates and capitalizations evolve with prices. The periodic boundary condition is, however, retained in time derivatives of dimensionless quantities, as well as in physical characteristics of rotations optimized for the rate of return. Then, optimal rotations do not depend on the evolution of prices and expenses. Relatively high timber prices shorten rotations, as relatively high expenses extend them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Livelihood (in)justice and forest governance in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem","authors":"Sujoy Subroto ,&nbsp;Conny Davidsen ,&nbsp;Amrita Sen","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental governance in the Indian Sundarban mangroves has undergone a paradigm shift from colonial resource extraction to contemporary Bengal tiger wildlife conservation and strict harvesting restrictions. However, local forest-dependent dwellers continue to live close to protected tiger reserve areas in small mangrove communities throughout the densely populated and poverty-prone coastal Sundarban region, leading to significant policy challenges at the everyday nexus of conservation regulations and livelihood needs.</div><div>Using a tripartite analytical framework of distributive, procedural and recognitional environmental justice, this qualitative case study examines forest livelihood-related justice issues emerging for the local mangrove dwellers despite, and because of, the Sundarban's environmental framework and practices. Empirical fieldwork data was collected through observation, forest field visit, group discussions and semi-structured interviews with forest dwellers and other local forest governance actors in two remote mangrove villages in the Indian Sundarban.</div><div>The empirical analysis illustrates significant marginalization effects surrounding the misrecognition of traditional rights, contested wildlife fencing approaches and territorialization, top-down regulations and tiger-human casualties. Procedural justice concerns are identified surrounding forest access, systemic harassment, intransparent and arbitrary use of authority by state agency officials. Distributional justice concerns include commodified Boat License Certificates (BLCs), captive market effects of local moneylenders and rural elite capture in ostensibly decentralized joint forest management.</div><div>The findings are then critiqued vis-à-vis the intended policy goals of India's 2006 Forest Rights Act securing local rights, in contrast to which the region's de facto implementation of protected area governance undermines and marginalizes the mangrove dwellers' livelihoods and forest access on the ground.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 103689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden inequality: Rethinking non-timber forest products for bioeconomic development in Southwest China","authors":"Jiping Wang ,&nbsp;Jun He","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While NTFPs (Non-timber forest products) sustain livelihoods for billions worldwide, their role in bioeconomy transitions remains understudied, particularly regarding dynamic market mechanisms and equitable outcomes. This study addresses this gap by analyzing walnut production in southwest China through a dynamic value chain perspective, using an “Actor-Profit-Mechanisms” framework to trace walnut flows in 2015 and 2022. The research provides a fine-grained analysis of an upstream section of the walnut value chain to highlight how market fluctuations and institutional structures reshape access and redistribute benefits across actors. The findings reveal three hidden inequalities: 1) persistent profit outflow from farmers due to weak market positioning; 2) cascading costs and risks disproportionately burdening smallholders; and 3) social relationship distortions tied to price fluctuations, where power dynamics shift between actors. These inequalities become more pronounced and intensify during periods of sharp price decline, as they are rooted in farmers' dispersed resources, hierarchical value-chain structures, and reliance on informal social capital. The study challenges assumptions of NTFPs as a panacea for poverty alleviation in the transition to bioeconomy, highlighting how a dynamic perspective can deepen the understanding of the systemic vulnerabilities. To enhance equity, policy interventions must prioritize local value chain upgrades, such as fostering processing enterprises, diversifying products, and establishing risk-mitigation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 103691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145845140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic foundations in public forestry institutions: Testing resource-based and finance-based logics in the strategy of Poland's State Forests National Forest Holding","authors":"Szymon Cyfert","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public forestry institutions are increasingly adopting strategic management frameworks, yet empirical research on the strategic rationale guiding these frameworks remains limited, particularly regarding whether financial performance or organisational capacity should be prioritised. This study investigates this tension by analysing the strategy of Poland's State Forests National Forest Holding (PGL LP). Although its official strategy follows the Balanced Scorecard model and is anchored in financial self-sufficiency, the effectiveness of this orientation has not yet been empirically verified.</div><div>The objective of this article is to critically examine the PGL LP strategy through the lenses of the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the BalancedScorecard (BSC), with emphasis on the role of the financial perspective in the strategy's architecture and its influence on other operational domains. Drawing on RBV theory and BSC concept, we test two competing models, a finance-based and a resource-based logic, using survey data from 129 forest districts. Results from structural equation modelling show that the resource-based model better explains strategic coherence and adaptive capacity at the operational level. Key enabling factors include intangible assets such as professional expertise, stakeholder trust, and organisational learning.</div><div>The findings suggest that in complex public ecosystems, long-term resilience depends less on financial control and more on the development of strategic resources. The study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the diagnostic potential of the BSC in uncovering latent strategic logic. It also offers practical insights for rethinking public forestry strategy around adaptive and intangible capacities rather than financial endpoints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 103671"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}