Forest Policy and Economics最新文献_第2页

The cost of operational complexity: A causal assessment of pre-fire mitigation and wildfire suppression 业务复杂性的代价：火前减灾和野火扑灭的因果评估

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103351

Jesse D. Young , Erin Belval , Benjamin Gannon , Yu Wei , Christopher O'Connor , Christopher Dunn , Bradley M. Pietruszka , David Calkin , Matthew Thompson

{"title":"The cost of operational complexity: A causal assessment of pre-fire mitigation and wildfire suppression","authors":"Jesse D. Young , Erin Belval , Benjamin Gannon , Yu Wei , Christopher O'Connor , Christopher Dunn , Bradley M. Pietruszka , David Calkin , Matthew Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pre-fire mitigation efforts that include the installation and maintenance of fuel breaks are integral to wildfire suppression in Southern California. Fuel breaks alter fire behavior and assist in fire suppression at strategic locations on the landscape. However, the combined effectiveness of fuel breaks and wildfire suppression is not well studied. Using daily firefighting personnel to proxy the quantity and diversity of potential fire suppression operations (i.e., operational complexity), we examined 15 wildfires from 2017 to 2020 in the Los Padres, Angeles, San Bernardino, and Cleveland National Forests to assess how weather and site-specific fuel break characteristics influenced wildfire containment when leveraged during suppression operations. After removing effects of fuel treatments, wildfire and aerial firefighting, we estimated that expanding fuel break width in grass-dominant systems from 10 to 100 m increased the average success rate against a heading fire from 31 % to 41 %. Likewise, recently cleared fuel breaks had higher success rates compared to poorly maintained fuel breaks in both grass (25 % to 45 %) and shrub systems (20 % to 45 %). Combined, grass and shrub systems exhibited an estimated success rate of 80 % under mild weather conditions (20th percentile) and 19 % under severe weather (80th percentile). Other significant determinants included forb and grass production, adjacent tree canopy cover and terrain. Consistent with complexity theory and previous suppression effectiveness research, our analysis showed signs of suppression effectiveness declining as firefighter personnel increased. Future work could better account for the role of suppression with improved data on firefighting resource types, actions, locations, and timing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Substitutability of U.S. and Canadian softwood lumber: A threshold modeling approach 美国和加拿大软木木材的可替代性：阈值建模方法

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103343

Yifei Zhang , Barry K. Goodwin

{"title":"Substitutability of U.S. and Canadian softwood lumber: A threshold modeling approach","authors":"Yifei Zhang , Barry K. Goodwin","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The U.S.-Canada softwood lumber dispute stands as the most protracted trade conflict between the two countries, with its history dating back to the early 1980s. U.S. lumber producers claim that Canadian lumber imports are unfairly subsidized, thereby, harming the domestic lumber industry. The U.S. has imposed countervailing and antidumping duties on Canadian softwood lumber imports to protect the domestic market. An important aspect of this trade dispute is the substitutability of lumber products between the two countries. Canadian lumber imports are detrimental to the U.S. industry only when the products are substitutes. In such a scenario, the imposition of trade restrictions would have a significant influence on the domestic market. Motivated by this consideration, we investigate dynamic relationships between prices for Spruce-Pine-Fir, a softwood species primarily imported from Canada, and Southern Yellow Pine, one of the most popular softwood species domestically produced in the U.S. We apply threshold models in an evaluation of the degree of substitutability. Our empirical findings indicate that within the <span><math><mo>+</mo><mo>/</mo><mo>−</mo></math></span>3.4 % price differential band, the two lumber products demonstrate a higher degree of substitutability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives on Forest governance among the indigenous communities of India's Eastern Ghats 印度东高止山土著社区对森林治理的看法

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103350

Anugu Amarender Reddy , Tek Maraseni , Souparna Lahiri , Sikha Karki , Upama Koju , Anita Shrestha , Tim Cadman

引用次数: 0

Preferences for proactive and reactive climate-adaptive forest management and the role of public financial support 对主动和被动适应气候的森林管理的偏好以及公共财政支持的作用

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103348

Dominik Braunschweiger , Tamaki Ohmura , Janine Schweier , Roland Olschewski , Tobias Schulz

{"title":"Preferences for proactive and reactive climate-adaptive forest management and the role of public financial support","authors":"Dominik Braunschweiger , Tamaki Ohmura , Janine Schweier , Roland Olschewski , Tobias Schulz","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impacts of climate change threaten forest ecosystems and the services they provide. Policies and measures to make forests more resilient to climate-change-induced disturbances are needed, but the success of such efforts depends on their acceptance among forest owners and managers. Based on a discrete choice experiment survey among Swiss forest owners and managers in the canton of Bern, we analysed whether respondents prefer (i) proactive over reactive interventions, (ii) advanced/natural regeneration over plantings, (iii) native over non-native tree species, and (iv) the role governmental payment schemes play in these decisions. About one-third of the respondents belong to the class of forest managers and owners that are open to a transition strategy including proactive interventions and non-native tree species. Two-thirds of the forest owners and managers prefer a reactive restoration approach after disturbances and management that relies on native tree species. The amount of financial support plays a decisive role in the willingness of most respondents to accept adaptation measures. These results confirm the feasibility of diversifying the policy support toolbox to enable more proactive climate-adaptive forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103348"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing the National Park policymaking process in China from a multiple streams perspective: Domination by the political stream and policy entrepreneurs 从多流派视角分析中国国家公园的决策过程：政治流和政策创业者的主导作用

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103347

Shuning Zhu, Weiye Wang, Jinlong Liu

{"title":"Analyzing the National Park policymaking process in China from a multiple streams perspective: Domination by the political stream and policy entrepreneurs","authors":"Shuning Zhu, Weiye Wang, Jinlong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To fully understand the motivations behind the biodiversity conservation policy in a one-party state, this paper uses the multiple streams framework as a theoretical and through the lens of policy entrepreneurs, to furnish a renewed look at the policymaking process of conservation policy in China. For this purpose, we conducted a qualitative study based on 21 semi-structured interviews with key actors in the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park and government documents from 2019 to 2022. This study revealed that policy entrepreneurs promote policy initiatives by building coalitions with higher-level bureaucrats and seizing critical moments to facilitate the convergence of three streams. In the process, the political stream played a dominant role in the multiple stream framework and public participation was post-positive, thus, we propose a modified multiple streams framework to better understand the policy process in a one-party state. This study provides new perspectives to understand the policy process in China and has important implications for biodiversity policymaking under a one-party state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaping multilateral regional governance of climate and forests: Exploring the influence of Forest industry lobbying on state participation 塑造气候与森林的多边区域治理：探索林业游说对国家参与的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103346

Fredy David Polo-Villanueva , Simon Schaub , Laura Rivadeneira , Jale Tosun , Lukas Giessen , Sarah Lilian Burns

{"title":"Shaping multilateral regional governance of climate and forests: Exploring the influence of Forest industry lobbying on state participation","authors":"Fredy David Polo-Villanueva , Simon Schaub , Laura Rivadeneira , Jale Tosun , Lukas Giessen , Sarah Lilian Burns","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to characterise the institutional dynamics of Multilateral Regional Governance Arrangements at the Climate-Forest Interface (MRGA-CFI) and investigate the influence of the forest industry lobby groups on state participation in these arrangements. We use an original dataset to characterise the issue scope, spatial ambit, and governance functions of MRGA-CFI. State participation in these arrangements is modelled as a function of the strength of the forest industry lobby groups; measured as the proportion of forest that has been planted in a state, alongside various control variables. Our findings reveal that most MRGA-CFI focus on forests but are relevant for climate issues, have contiguous spatial ambit primarily in Asia and Africa, and focus on knowledge dissemination and capacity building. Quantitative analysis reveals a positive significant association between the strength of the forest industry lobby groups and state participation in MRGA-CFI. The analysis further suggests that states with stronger forest industry lobby groups are more likely to participate in non-centralised arrangements and those that focus on forest but not climate. Conversely, such states are also less likely to participate in governance arrangements that focus on both forest and climate issues. We conclude that while regional cooperation on climate and forests has been designed to capture funds from the climate regime and form negotiating coalitions, the forest industry lobbies governments to prevent such cooperation from overregulating their economic activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Science as a field of struggle: Gendered experiences of African scholars doing forest governance research 作为斗争领域的科学：从事森林治理研究的非洲学者的性别经验

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103339

Olena Strelnyk , Susanne Koch , Camilla Tetley , Shizuku Sunagawa , Amani J. Uisso

{"title":"Science as a field of struggle: Gendered experiences of African scholars doing forest governance research","authors":"Olena Strelnyk , Susanne Koch , Camilla Tetley , Shizuku Sunagawa , Amani J. Uisso","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building on scholarship addressing gender inequality in forestry, this paper investigates how African scholars experience gendered struggles in doing forest governance research. Employing Bourdieu's theoretical lens of science as a (gendered) social field of struggle, we consider scholars' participation in academia as shaped by dispositions related to gender, locality and other social dimensions of difference. Based on interviews with twenty female and male scholars affiliated with research organisations in African countries, we examine how these dispositions affect their experiences as academics in forest governance research. Therefore, we adopt an integrative interpretative approach to interview analysis focusing on narratives, positionings and discursive dynamics.</div><div>We present our empirical results according to two core themes: gendered experiences of struggle in reconciling family commitments with the requirements of scientific productivity and mobility; and gendered experiences of struggle related to doing science in male-dominated research environments. The study reveals that African women scholars in the field encounter specific difficulties in meeting the requirements of scientific productivity and mobility due to patriarchal gender orders. Aside from difficulties to reconcile their roles as wives, mothers and academics, they are confronted with instances of marginalisation in forest research discourse and fieldwork. The picture emerging from the empirical data is that the complexity of struggles female African scholars experience and the great efforts they need to make to participate in forest governance research remain somewhat ‘invisible’ in academic contexts. We argue that future research needs to explore more how socio-cultural conditions create specific barriers for women in scientific fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An assessment of forest use and it's benefits on livelihoods: A case of the Baka and Bantu communities, Southeast Cameroon 评估森林利用及其对生计的益处：喀麦隆东南部巴卡人和班图人社区的案例

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103344

Masse Ma Caliste Omam , Abed-nego Sonfo Tsamo , Hirokazu Yasuoka

{"title":"An assessment of forest use and it's benefits on livelihoods: A case of the Baka and Bantu communities, Southeast Cameroon","authors":"Masse Ma Caliste Omam , Abed-nego Sonfo Tsamo , Hirokazu Yasuoka","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ways in which local people incorporate forest activities into their livelihood strategies vary considerably. In this study, we aim to evaluate the livelihoods of local people in relation to their use of forests by comparing their time allocation and involvement frequency in various forest-related activities in two localities in southeast Cameroon. We followed 80 persons using the individual tracing method to examine variations in the time allocated to forest-related activities and quantities of the most important non-timber forest products (NTFPs) collected depending on ethnic groups, genders and locations. Estimation results from this work showed a significant difference in the time allocated to NTFPs gathering and farming between the Baka and Bantu people, and no significant gender or location differences. Also, there was a significant difference in hunting time between Malea Ancien and Bintom but no ethnic differences. The quantities of the most important NTFPs collected varied between ethnic groups and genders, but not between locations. Our findings showed NTFPs gathering to be the most important livelihood activity of local people in terms of their time allocation, with forest use differing between ethnic groups, genders and locations. Moreover, scarcity of forest products caused by access restrictions might force local people to change their patterns of production and consumption which might be detrimental for conservation. Our results contribute to local understanding of forest use and to reconcile this with the livelihood of local people in the region to better inform decisions and policies concerning forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dynamics of deforestation in sub-Saharan Africa: The impact of environmental policy and foreign direct investment on forest conversion 撒哈拉以南非洲森林砍伐的动态：环境政策和外国直接投资对森林转化的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103342

Hassan Swedy Lunku , Zaiyang Li , Shaohua Yang , Amani Shayo , Jonathan Bakadila Ngoma

{"title":"The dynamics of deforestation in sub-Saharan Africa: The impact of environmental policy and foreign direct investment on forest conversion","authors":"Hassan Swedy Lunku , Zaiyang Li , Shaohua Yang , Amani Shayo , Jonathan Bakadila Ngoma","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amidst the pressing global concern over climate change, the urgent need to address deforestation and promote forest conservation has become a focal point on political and social agendas. This study investigates the intricate relationship between economic performance and deforestation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using a panel of SSA economies from 2000 to 2020, we examine the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for deforestation, taking into account the effects of heterogeneity, and the influence of foreign direct investment (FDI) and environmental policy. Our findings underscore the significance of heterogeneity, as the region exhibits both negative and positive deforestation trends throughout the study period. The results provide compelling evidence supporting the inverted N-shaped EKC hypothesis for deforestation when accounting for the intervening impact of FDI and policy. The EKC turning points 803.12 and 2596.27 correspond to levels of economic performance, indicating that policy measures have a greater impact on curbing deforestation than FDI. To achieve inclusive growth and create a livable environment, it is essential to prioritise forest conservation, control population growth, manage agricultural activities, regulate trade, and protect environmental ecosystems. This will necessitate significant changes in human activities and energy consumption to promote sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103342"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Additional measures needed to ensure clove industry does not contribute to tree cover loss in Madagascar 需要采取更多措施，确保丁香产业不会导致马达加斯加树木植被减少

IF 4 2区农林科学

Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103333

Herizo T. Andrianandrasana , Marco Campera , Fabiola F. Viraina , Peter R. Long , Nikoleta Jones

{"title":"Additional measures needed to ensure clove industry does not contribute to tree cover loss in Madagascar","authors":"Herizo T. Andrianandrasana , Marco Campera , Fabiola F. Viraina , Peter R. Long , Nikoleta Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the relationship between clove essential oil processing and tree cover loss, with a comparison to the incidence and effect of wildfires in Analanjirofo in eastern Madagascar between 2012 and 2021. We used Generalised Additive Mixed Models with the proportion of tree cover left around chef-lieu municipalities as response variables. The number of fires detected, the number of traditional and modern clove processing facilities in the municipality, and overlap with Protected Areas, and the number of villages in the municipality were set as fixed factors. Tree cover loss was associated with increased number of traditional and modern facilities. Clove operators show a motivation to keep using traditional facilities since they are more feasible, produce higher quality of clove oil, and reinforce social cohesion. The number of the traditional facilities per municipality remains 2.9 times higher than modern facilities despite their promotion since 2011. The use of the modern facilities is motivated by the lower wood consumption and shorter distillation time. Wildfires, often related to slash-and-burn agriculture, remain a major environmental threat to forest, especially in remote areas and more fires were detected in areas with higher tree cover. The overlap of municipality with Protected Areas has no effect on tree cover loss. Expanding the Agroforestry Systems (AFS) around municipalities and ensuring that they can produce enough fuelwood will improve the clove sector and thrive local economy. Controlling wildfires, developing a long-term clove industry management plan, and improving commercialisation policies could be immediate priorities for achieving sustainable development in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389934124001874/pdfft?md5=7a75ee472dc17e8d5dec8dfb8e6e4c8e&pid=1-s2.0-S1389934124001874-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0