Folia medica最新文献_第2页

Effect of load-bearing radiographs on hallux valgus surgical planning. 负重片对拇外翻手术计划的影响。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e180364

Galip Beltir, Cihan Kırçıl, Mehmet Fevzi Çakmak, Levent Horoz, Recep Öztürk

引用次数: 0

Management of blunt splenic trauma: a 10-year single-center retrospective cohort study and systematic review. 钝性脾外伤的治疗：一项为期10年的单中心回顾性队列研究和系统评价。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e170937

Anna Eleftheriou, Vasiliki Papandreadi, Ilektra Kyrochristou, Angeliki Papadopoulou, Isaak Dimitriadis, Georgios Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios Rogdakis

{"title":"Management of blunt splenic trauma: a 10-year single-center retrospective cohort study and systematic review.","authors":"Anna Eleftheriou, Vasiliki Papandreadi, Ilektra Kyrochristou, Angeliki Papadopoulou, Isaak Dimitriadis, Georgios Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios Rogdakis","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e170937","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e170937","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Describe the management of blunt splenic trauma in a 10-year period in our department and perform a systematic review of the relevant literature.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of registry data from patients with splenic injury from 2014 to 2024 and systematic review of the publications in PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library.\u0000\u0000Results: Sixty-eight patients, 58 males and 10 females with a mean age of 42 years, were included. Sixteen were grade I, 14 grade II, 12 grade III, 6 grade IV, and 20 grade V. Forty-two patients were treated non-operatively, and 26 underwent splenectomy. Two patients failed the non-operative management (NOM) (95.2% success rate). An increasing tendency for the number of platelets was noted. A statistically significant difference on days 5 and 10 between grade II and grade V (p=0.00056 and p=0.0118, respectively) and grades III and V (p=0.01 and p=0.01) was found, with grade V platelet count peaking on day 10.\u0000\u0000In our qualitative synthesis, 17 studies were included, with 5137 patients, mostly males with a mean age of 37 years. 1189 were grade I and II, and 2916 were grade ≥3. A significant shift towards NOM has been noted (60.5%, with success rates ranging from 76% to 100%). A preference for splenic preservation over splenectomy, which may be achieved with embolization, is indicated. Clinical and laboratory evaluation should be carefully conducted when considering splenic embolization.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: A shift towards NOM is noticed with surgical intervention restricted for hemodynamically unstable patients. Splenic embolization is an effective alternative which may be used to further establish non-surgical management.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of microRNA-451 gene expression and its association with liver function tests in β-thalassemia major. β-地中海贫血患者microRNA-451基因表达及其与肝功能检测的相关性分析。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e177504

Sanaa Jasim Kadhim, Doaa Abood Khamis, Hamsa Ahmed Jasim

{"title":"Analysis of microRNA-451 gene expression and its association with liver function tests in β-thalassemia major.","authors":"Sanaa Jasim Kadhim, Doaa Abood Khamis, Hamsa Ahmed Jasim","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e177504","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e177504","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Major β-thalassemia is a severe hereditary anemia caused by defective β-globin production and characterized by a permanent transfusion requirement, which leads to an overload of systemic iron and subsequent liver dysfunction. MicroRNA-451 (miR-451) is an erythroid-specific microRNA that plays a critical role in erythropoiesis, oxidative stress regulation, and iron metabolism. Nevertheless, there is still insufficient research on the connection between β-thalassemia major and liver function.\u0000\u0000Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the expression of miR-451 in Iraqi patients with β-thalassemia major and correlate it with liver function parameters.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods: This case-control study involved 50 patients diagnosed with β-thalassemia major and 50 healthy individuals serving as controls. Total RNA was extracted from whole blood samples, and the expression levels of miR-451 were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). U6 small nuclear RNA was utilized as the endogenous control for normalization. Hematological indices and liver function parameters, specifically ALT, AST, and total serum bilirubin, were assessed and analyzed statistically.\u0000\u0000Results: The expression of miR-451 was upregulated significantly in patients in comparison with the controls (≈260-fold increase). The patients had significantly lower levels of hemoglobin and elevated platelet counts (p≤0.05). The liver enzymes, ALT and AST, and the total serum bilirubin were significantly increased in the patient group (p≤0.01). This study found a positive association between the overexpression of miR-451 and hepatic dysfunction markers.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: In β-thalassemia major, miR-451 is significantly upregulated, suggesting it could be a biomarker for disease severity and liver function.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyper-IgE syndromes in pediatrics: clinical spectrum, differential diagnosis, and management. 儿科高ige综合征：临床谱、鉴别诊断和管理。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e173262

Svjetlana Mikulić, Mila Vasilj Mihaljević, Daniela Kraljević

{"title":"Hyper-IgE syndromes in pediatrics: clinical spectrum, differential diagnosis, and management.","authors":"Svjetlana Mikulić, Mila Vasilj Mihaljević, Daniela Kraljević","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e173262","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e173262","url":null,"abstract":"Hyper-IgE syndromes (HIES) are rare inborn errors of immunity (≈1 per million) caused by pathogenic variants in STAT3, DOCK8 or IL6ST. They present with very high serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), recurrent bacterial or fungal infections, eczema and characteristic organ involvement. The autosomal dominant STAT3-deficient form features early-onset eczema, “cold” abscesses, recurrent pneumonias with pneumatoceles and skeletal or dental anomalies. Autosomal recessive forms such as DOCK8 or PGM3 deficiency show a more severe phenotype with viral skin infections, allergy, asthma and increased malignancy risk. HIES should be suspected in children with IgE >2000 IU/mL plus recurrent sinopulmonary or skin infections, severe eczema, atypical viral infections or a National Institutes of Health Hyper-IgE Syndrome (NIH HIES) score >40. Differentiation from severe atopic dermatitis, asthma, eosinophilic disorders and parasitic infections is essential. Evaluation includes eosinophils, lymphocyte subsets, T-helper 17 (Th17) cell analysis and targeted genetic testing. Management involves antimicrobial prophylaxis, treatment of complications, dermatologic care and genotype-based hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which is curative in DOCK8 but less effective in STAT3 deficiency. Early genomic confirmation enables timely recognition, identification of red flags, and genotype-specific therapy to improve long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy on survival in patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma: a systematic review of comparative evidence. PD-1抑制剂免疫治疗对新诊断和复发的胶质母细胞瘤患者生存的影响：比较证据的系统回顾

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e184377

Renindra Ananda Aman, Theresia Meiske Laura Siscawati Wayne, Fadli Hamdilah, Muhammad Wasistha Adriantama

{"title":"Impact of PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy on survival in patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma: a systematic review of comparative evidence.","authors":"Renindra Ananda Aman, Theresia Meiske Laura Siscawati Wayne, Fadli Hamdilah, Muhammad Wasistha Adriantama","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e184377","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e184377","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. PD-1 inhibitors have shown potential use in GBM. There is some evidence to suggest that programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors may be effective in treating GBM. However, the results of clinical trials conducted to date have been inconclusive, which has led to questions regarding the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in this context.\u0000\u0000Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether PD-1 inhibitors provide a survival advantage over the standard regimens in GBM.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods: This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from 2015 to 2025. The extracted data included the study design, sample characteristics, interventions, comparators, and reported survival outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool.\u0000\u0000Results: Four trials were included in this review. In newly diagnosed GBM, PD-1 inhibitors plus radiotherapy showed an inferior overall survival (OS) rate compared to standard regimens (median OS [mOS] 13.4 vs. 14.9 months, HR 1.31 [95% CI: 1.09-1.58]). PD-1 inhibitors as an adjuvant to temozolomide-based therapy also showed no statistically significant improvement in OS (mOS 11.6 vs. 11.8 months, HR 0.85 [95% CI 0.54-1.33]) or progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS [mPFS] 7.4 vs. 5.9 months, HR 0.77 [95% CI 0.49- 1.19]) compared to placebo. For recurrent GBM, there was no significant difference in OS between nivolumab and bevacizumab (mOS 11.6 vs. 10.0 months, HR 1.04 [95% CI: 0.83-1.3]). Consistently, PD-1 inhibitors did not demonstrate a survival advantage in either newly diagnosed or recurrent glioblastoma.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: PD-1 inhibitors showed no statistically significant improvement in OS and PFS in patients with GBM.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of CBCT in improving the detection and management of the second mesiobuccal canal in first maxillary molars compared with the operative microscope alone. CBCT在提高上颌第一磨牙第二近颊管的发现和治疗中的作用与单纯手术显微镜的比较。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e180637

Lyubomir St Vangelov, Kostadin G Georgiev, Mihail J Tanev

引用次数: 0

The association of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with three-year progression-free survival in locally advanced colorectal cancer patients. 缺氧诱导因子-1 α表达、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、血小板与淋巴细胞比值与局部晚期结直肠癌患者三年无进展生存期的关系

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e180500

Galuh Chandra Kirana Sugianto, Rahmat Cahyanur, Nur Rahadiani, Cleopas Martin Rumende

{"title":"The association of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with three-year progression-free survival in locally advanced colorectal cancer patients.","authors":"Galuh Chandra Kirana Sugianto, Rahmat Cahyanur, Nur Rahadiani, Cleopas Martin Rumende","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e180500","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e180500","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and ranks among the top three in Indonesia. Most patients were diagnosed in a locally advanced stage, with a high recurrence rate despite standard oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. The hypoxic tumor microenvironment through activation of HIF-1α and systemic inflammation reflected by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could be associated with the tumor progression.\u0000\u0000Aim: To evaluate the association of HIF-1α expression, NLR, and PLR with three-year progression-free survival (PFS) in locally advanced CRC patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 50 patients with high-risk stage II and stage III CRC who underwent surgical resection and adjuvant oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. HIF-1α expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry, while NLR and PLR were calculated from pre-treatment blood tests. Data were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.\u0000\u0000Results: The median HIF-1α expression was 96.32%, with a cut-off value of 96.51% (AUC 0.472; p=0.746). There was no significant association between HIF-1α expression and three-year PFS (HR 1.274; p=0.495). The cut-off points for NLR and PLR were 3.46 (AUC 0.486; p=0.872) and 198.31 (AUC 0.505; p=0.952), respectively, and both were not significantly associated with three-year PFS (NLR: HR 0.947; p=0.874; PLR: HR 1.060; p=0.869).\u0000\u0000Conclusions: HIF-1α expression, NLR, and PLR were not significantly associated with three-year progression-free survival in locally advanced CRC patients.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sporadic inclusion body myositis: overreliance on histology may lead to misdiagnosis. 散发性包涵体肌炎：过度依赖组织学可能导致误诊。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e155323

Behidzhe Sadarzanska-Terzieva, Plamen Tzvetanov, Rossen Rousseff

引用次数: 0

A rare case of giant congenital melanocytic nevus: its embryological and molecular basis. 罕见的巨大先天性黑素细胞痣一例：胚胎学和分子基础。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e172212

Akanksha Singh, Tahsin Munsif, Shabeeh Haider, Mariyam Fatima, Tashbiya Zehra, Qaim Rizvi

{"title":"A rare case of giant congenital melanocytic nevus: its embryological and molecular basis.","authors":"Akanksha Singh, Tahsin Munsif, Shabeeh Haider, Mariyam Fatima, Tashbiya Zehra, Qaim Rizvi","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e172212","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e172212","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is predominantly distinguished by the presence of nevomelanocytes or nevus cells arranged in well-ordered clusters within the epidermis, as well as organized in the dermis. Giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) is an uncommon dermal lesion defined by benign proliferative growths of nevomelanocytes that are present at the time of birth. CMNs arise in utero between the 5th and 24th weeks of gestation, attributable to localized genetic anomalies that provoke the excessive proliferation of melanocytes. In individuals with giant CMN, a gain-of-function mutation in the NRAS gene is identified, leading to the aberrant proliferation of embryonic melanoblasts. Previously, elucidation of a murine model for giant congenital nevus demonstrated that both nevi and melanoma exhibit significant expression of Sox10. CMNs represent aggregates of melanocytes situated within the dermis, with varying degrees of extension into subcutaneous adipose tissue, musculature, and peri-adnexal regions. The present report deals with unveiling the embryological and molecular basis of congenital melanocytic nevus.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Primary intradural extramedullary anaplastic ependymoma of the cauda equina: a rare and challenging case. 原发性马尾硬膜内髓外间变性室管膜瘤：罕见且具挑战性的病例。

Folia medica Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.68.e154056

Ivo Kehayov, Atanas Davarski, Daniel Markov, Borislav Kitov

{"title":"Primary intradural extramedullary anaplastic ependymoma of the cauda equina: a rare and challenging case.","authors":"Ivo Kehayov, Atanas Davarski, Daniel Markov, Borislav Kitov","doi":"10.3897/folmed.68.e154056","DOIUrl":"10.3897/folmed.68.e154056","url":null,"abstract":"Intradural extramedullary anaplastic ependymomas in the cauda equina are extremely rare. The latent period from the beginning of symptoms until diagnosis is notably shorter compared to other ependymoma subtypes. In some cases, severe neurological deficit may develop rapidly due to intratumoral hemorrhage.\u0000\u0000We present the case of a 36-year-old male who experienced sudden numbness in his legs, followed by an inability to move his feet. In the following days, independent walking became impossible, and he stopped urinating. At the time of admission, bilateral hypesthesia was observed across the area of L4, L5, and sacral nerve root distribution, along with clinical signs indicative of cauda equina syndrome. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of an intradural extramedullary mass occupying the spinal canal in the L3–S1 segment. Intraoperatively, an intradural tumor was identified between the roots of the cauda equina, with signs of intratumoral hemorrhage. The tumor was dissected free from the uninvolved surrounding nerve roots using a microsurgical technique. Following the sectioning of the filum terminale at the tumor attachment site, total tumor removal was achieved. In the postoperative period, a reduction of preoperative symptoms was noted. The patient underwent postoperative radiotherapy. The two-year follow-up demonstrated mild hypesthesia in the L5 and S1 dermatomes, reduction of the weakened plantar and dorsiflexion of the feet, and persistent bladder control impairment. Postoperative MRI revealed no evidence of recurrence.\u0000\u0000Anaplastic ependymomas require adjuvant radiation therapy, even after total resection and systemic neuroimaging screening for recurrence or metastases. Early detection and operative treatment aiming at gross-total removal provide patients with an improved quality of life and prolonged survival.","PeriodicalId":12415,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0