American Journal of Transplantation最新文献

{"title":"Molecular diagnosis of T cell-mediated rejection in bronchial mucosal and transbronchial biopsies","authors":"Patrick T. Gauthier,Martina Mackova,Ramsey Hachem,Jan Havlin,Alim Hirji,Peter Jaksch,Stephen Juvet,Shaf Keshavjee,Zsofia Kovacs,Daniel Kreisel,Bartosz Kubisa,Debbie J. Levine,Robert Lischke,Maria Piotrowska,Jan Simonek,Irina Timofte,Laura van den Bosch,Greg Snell,Glen Westall,Andrea Zajacova,Kieran Halloran,Philip F. Halloran","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Treatment during Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Improves Function of Severely Injured Human Lungs","authors":"Andrea Mariscal,Antti Nykanen,Jussi Tikkanen,Olivia Hough,Lindsay Calderone,Manyin Chen,Marcelo Cypel,Shaf Keshavjee,Mingyao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":"479 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Rejection Signatures in Pancreas Transplant Biopsies","authors":"Eva Girmanova,Petra Hruba,Marek Kollar,Martina Mackova,Petra Mrazova,Mariia Bibik,Jiri Veleba,Ludek Voska,Martin Kment,Ondrej Viklicky,Philip F. Halloran,Peter Girman","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148923072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of long-term low estimated glomerular filtration rate after living kidney donation with cardiovascular disease and mortality","authors":"David M. Vock,Victor Iniguez Cherrez,Daniel C. Waller,Erika S. Helgeson,Andrew D. Rule,Amy K. Mottl,Hassan N. Ibrahim,Arthur J. Matas","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2026.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REPRODUCING THE CHRONOBIOLOGICAL DIMENSION DURING LIVER MACHINE PERFUSION.","authors":"Jordi Vengohechea, Linda Woltjes, Germaine Escames, Vincent E de Meijer, Amelia J Hessheimer, Constantino Fondevila","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) of the liver offers considerable promise for both transplant and non-transplant purposes, including repair, regenerative conditioning, therapeutic testing, disease modeling, and diverse bioengineering applications. While some functions of the liver may be maintained during NMP for periods lasting from days to weeks, a fundamental \"blind spot\" in prolonged liver NMP protocols remains their near universal failure to reproduce the temporal variability in liver inputs and physical conditions normally directed by circadian rhythms in the in vivo environment. In this narrative review article, we examine key aspects of hepatic circadian rhythmicity and describe how circadian regulation sustains liver health and homeostasis. We consider current liver NMP protocols and explore potential consequences of chronodisruption - the failure to reproduce or meaningfully mimic normal chronobiological conditions - during these procedures. Ultimately, we aim to establish a conceptual framework for understanding how temporal synchronization may influence the success of liver NMP and highlight potential strategies for incorporating temporal cues into future NMP applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestically acquired cyclosporiasis cases in multiple U.S. States, 2026.","authors":"Marcus R Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-tracer fluorodeoxyglucose and fibroblast activation protein inhibitor positron emission tomography imaging for dynamic monitoring and early detection of chronic lung allograft dysfunction.","authors":"Hailin Liao, Xu Chen, Xiaohua Wang, Yi Lu, Lulin Wang, Jinquan Jiang, Ling Mou, Pengcheng Ran, Yan Hua, Xinlu Wang, Xin Xu, Jin Su, Chunrong Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.07.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.07.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains the leading cause of late mortality after lung transplantation, yet current diagnosis mainly depends on lung function decline. We investigated whether dual-tracer positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) could noninvasively characterize the transition from inflammation to fibrosis during CLAD progression. Using a rat orthotopic lung transplantation model with longitudinal PET/computed tomography from weeks 1 to 6, findings were correlated with histopathology, immune infiltration, cytokines, fibroblast activation, and collagen deposition. Clinical PET/computed tomography data from transplant recipients were also analyzed. Histology showed progressive airway remodeling and fibrosis. FDG uptake peaked at week 3, matching CD8⁺/CD19⁺ infiltration and IL-6 expression. FAPI uptake rose later, linking to fibroblast activation and matrix deposition. Thus, FDG and FAPI revealed distinct inflammatory and fibrotic phases. Clinically, abnormal dual-tracer uptake appeared in a recipient before lung function met CLAD criteria, whereas a stable recipient showed no abnormal signal. These findings may help advance the early diagnosis, biological staging, and individualized clinical management of CLAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance-based frailty tools capture distinct risk phenotypes in kidney transplant candidates: A comparative analysis of the FRAIL scale and short physical performance battery.","authors":"Rucháma Verhoeff, Frank E Hullekes, Emily Jaffe, Jennie L Cataldo, Marcio A B C Rockenbach, Bernardo C Bizzo, Hannah M Pratt, Paul Foster, Sul A Lee, Nicolas Melaragno, Alexandria Warner, Pitchapon Nissaisorakarn, Nahel Elias, Shimul A Shah, Hannah M Gilligan, Ron W F de Bruin, Robert J Porte, Leonardo V Riella","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frailty predicts adverse outcomes in kidney transplant candidates, but it remains unclear whether different frailty tools identify the same or distinct at-risk patients. In this retrospective cohort study, 953 kidney transplant candidates listed between 2018 and 2022 underwent frailty assessment using both the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, Weight Loss (FRAIL) scale screening and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) screening test. In a subset with available computed tomography scan imaging, body composition was analyzed using artificial intelligence-based tools. Frailty prevalence differed by instrument: 6.2% using the FRAIL scale screening vs 24% using the SPPB screening test. Waitlist mortality occurred in 9.5% (91/953) of candidates. Both tools independently predicted waitlist mortality (FRAIL scale screening test: adjusted hazard ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.34-4.20; P = .003 and SPPB screening test: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.07-2.60; P = .025). The SPPB screening test-defined frailty showed stronger associations with posttransplant outcomes, including longer hospital stays and 30-day and 1-year readmissions. A computed tomography scan analysis revealed that SPPB screening test-defined, but not FRAIL scale screening test-defined, frailty was associated with lower muscle density and increased visceral adiposity, suggesting a mechanistic basis. The FRAIL scale screening test and SPPB screening test captured distinct dimensions of frailty with complementary strengths. The FRAIL scale screening test better reflected symptom burden and candidates at risk for waitlist mortality, whereas the SPPB screening test was more closely associated with posttransplant complications. Results support systematic use of both instruments to optimize risk stratification and identify candidates who may benefit from targeted prehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination and safe living strategies for solid organ transplant candidates and recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice.","authors":"Deepali Kumar, Robin Avery, Lara Danziger-Isakov, Victoria G Hall, Benjamin Hanisch, Courtney E Harris, Olivia S Kates, Hannah H Nam, Robert J Rolfe, Camille N Kotton","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.07.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.07.033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>These updated guidelines of the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice review safe living practices, including routine vaccinations and travel vaccinations, general travel advice, as well as nonpharmacologic strategies for safe living. General principles of vaccination as well as the use of specific vaccines in this population are discussed. Vaccination status should be reviewed and updated in the pretransplant setting and when travel is planned. The optimal timing of vaccination posttransplant should be taken into account. There is accumulating data that live-attenuated vaccines can also be given to select posttransplant pediatric and young adult patients. Since the last update of the guidelines in 2019, several new vaccines have been recommended, such as those for coronavirus disease 2019 and respiratory syncytial virus. In addition, newer formulations of pneumococcal, meningococcal, and hepatitis B vaccinations are available. There are expanded age indications for the recombinant zoster vaccine. Close contacts of transplant patients can receive most routine live and inactivated vaccines. For travel, location, duration, and activity during the trip determine the vaccine requirements as well as the need for malaria chemoprophylaxis. Other strategies for safe living include considerations for food, water, pets, and sexual activity. Detailed recommendations surrounding these are included in these guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life-Cycle Pharma-tacrolimus after kidney transplantation: More than convenience?","authors":"Paolo Cravedi, Umberto Maggiore","doi":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajt.2026.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}