G. N. Koutsokostas, T. Horikis, D. Frantzeskakis, N. Antar, I. Bakirtas
{"title":"Water Waves and Light: Two Unlikely Partners","authors":"G. N. Koutsokostas, T. Horikis, D. Frantzeskakis, N. Antar, I. Bakirtas","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95431","url":null,"abstract":"We study a generic model governing optical beam propagation in media featuring a nonlocal nonlinear response, namely a two-dimensional defocusing nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) model. Using a framework of multiscale expansions, the NLS model is reduced first to a bidirectional model, namely a Boussinesq or a Benney-Luke-type equation, and then to the unidirectional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation – both in Cartesian and cylindrical geometry. All the above models arise in the description of shallow water waves, and their solutions are used for the construction of relevant soliton solutions of the nonlocal NLS. Thus, the connection between water wave and nonlinear optics models suggests that patterns of water may indeed exist in light. We show that the NLS model supports intricate patterns that emerge from interactions between soliton stripes, as well as lump and ring solitons, similarly to the situation occurring in shallow water.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134323042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Soliton and Rogue-Wave Solutions of Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation - Part 2","authors":"Guo-quan Zhou","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.93450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.93450","url":null,"abstract":"A revised and rigorously proved inverse scattering transform (IST for brevity) for DNLS+ equation, with a constant nonvanishing boundary condition (NVBC) and normal group velocity dispersion, is proposed by introducing a suitable affine parameter in the Zakharov-Shabat IST integral; the explicit breather-type and pure N-soliton solutions had been derived by some algebra techniques. On the other hand, DNLS equation with a non-vanishing background of harmonic plane wave is also solved by means of Hirota’s bilinear formalism. Its space periodic solutions are determined, and its rogue wave solution is derived as a long-wave limit of this space periodic solution.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126818860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bright, Dark, and Kink Solitary Waves in a Cubic-Quintic-Septic-Nonical Medium","authors":"Mati Youssoufa, O. Dafounansou, A. Mohamadou","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92819","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, evolution of light beams in a cubic-quintic-septic-nonical medium is investigated. As the model equation, an extended form of the well-known nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is taken into account. By the use of a special ansatz, exact analytical solutions describing bright/dark and kink solitons are constructed. The existence of the wave solutions is discussed in a parameter regime. Moreover, the stability properties of the obtained solutions are investigated, and by employing Stuart and DiPrima’s stability analysis method, an analytical expression for the modulational stability is found.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"371 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124653499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Sorting of Optical Vortices in Perturbed Singular Beams","authors":"A. Volyar, M. Bretsko, Y. Akimova, Y. Egorov","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91419","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter provides a brief overview of shaping and measuring techniques of the vortex spectra (squared amplitudes and initial phases of vortex modes) including radial indices. The main physical mechanisms causing the formation of laser beams with a complex vortex composition, in particular, in biological media, are indicated, and the need for a digital analysis of vortex spectra is substantiated. It is the analysis of vortex spectra that allows us to find the orbital angular momentum and informational entropy (Shannon’s entropy) of perturbed laser beams in real time. In the main part of the chapter, we consider in detail a new approach for measuring vortex spectra without cuts and gluing of the wavefront, based on digital analyzing high-order intensity moments of complex beams and sorting the vortex beam in computer memory sells. It is shown that certain types of weak local inhomogeneities cause a vortex avalanche causing a sharp dips and bursts of the orbital angular momentum spectra and quick ups and downs of the informational entropy. An important object of analysis is also the vortex spectra of beams scattered by simple opaque obstacles such as a hole, a disk, and a sector aperture.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130092141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Q-Switched 2 Micron Solid-State Lasers and Their Applications","authors":"Kejian Yang, Yaling Yang, Jingliang He, Shengzhi Zhao","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89548","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we overview the Q-switched 2 μm solid-state laser development achieved in recent years, including flash- and diode-pumped solid-state lasers based on active and passive modulators. In summary, active Q-switching is still the first choice for obtaining large pulse energy at 2 μm currently, while passive Q-switching based on saturable absorbers (SAs), especially the newly emerging broadband low-dimension nanomaterial, is becoming promising approach in generating Q-switched 2 μm lasers specially with high repetition rate, although the output power, pulse duration, and pulse energy needs further enhancement. Besides, some important applications of 2 μm lasers, such as medicine, laser radar, and infrared directional interference, have also been introduced in brief.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"452 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132995534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Fields in Laser Cladding Processing: A “Fire Ball” Model. A Theoretical Computational Comparison, Laser Cladding versus Electron Beam Cladding","authors":"M. Oane, I. Mihăilescu, C. Ristoscu","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.88710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.88710","url":null,"abstract":"Laser cladding processing can be found in many industrial applications. A lot of different materials processing were studied in the last years. To improve the process, one may evaluate the phenomena behaviour from a theoretical and computational point of view. In our model, we consider that the phase transition to the melted pool is treated using an absorption coefficient which can underline liquid formation. In the present study, we propose a semi-analytical model. It supposes that melted pool is in first approximation a “sphere”, and in consequence, the heat equation is solved in spherical coordinates. Using the Laplace transform, we will solve the heat equation without the assumption that “time” parameter should be interpolated linearly. 3D thermal graphics of the Cu substrate are presented. Our model could be applied also for electron cladding of metals. We make as well a comparison of the cladding method using laser or electron beams. We study the process for different input powers and various beam velocities. The results proved to be in good agreement with data from literature.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic Solitons in Optical Lattice","authors":"Xingdong Zhao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85492","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we discuss the magnetic solitons achieved in atomic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined within optical lattice. Spinor BECs at each lattice site behave like spin magnets and can interact with each other through the static magnetic dipole-dipole interaction (MDDI), due to which the magnetic soliton may exist in blue-detuned optical lattice. By imposing an external laser field into the lattice or loading atoms in a red-detuned optical lattice, the light-induced dipole-dipole interaction (LDDI) can produce new magnetic solitons. The long-range couplings induced by the MDDI and ODDI play a dominant role in the spin dynamics in an optical lattice. Compared with spin chain in solid material, the nearest-neighbor approximation, next-nearest-neighbor approximation, and long-range case are discussed, respectively.","PeriodicalId":123873,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optics - From Solitons to Similaritons","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114494216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}