Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience最新文献

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Impaired instance acquisition as a cause of the comorbidity of learning disorders in young adults. 实例习得受损是年轻人学习障碍共病的一个原因。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-10 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1560362
Chiara Valeria Marinelli, Giuliana Nardacchione, Marialuisa Martelli, Vincenza Tommasi, Marco Turi, Paola Angelelli, Pierpaolo Limone, Pierluigi Zoccolotti
{"title":"Impaired instance acquisition as a cause of the comorbidity of learning disorders in young adults.","authors":"Chiara Valeria Marinelli, Giuliana Nardacchione, Marialuisa Martelli, Vincenza Tommasi, Marco Turi, Paola Angelelli, Pierpaolo Limone, Pierluigi Zoccolotti","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1560362","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1560362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The \"<i>instance theory of automatization</i>\" suggests that automaticity relies on acquiring specific instances that enhance performance, preventing the slower application of procedures. It has been proposed that a low ability in instance acquisition may be the key cause of the comorbidity among learning disorders. We investigated performance on a learning task to test the hypothesis that difficulties in acquiring and consolidating instances would be linked with comorbid learning disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the individual rate of learning of 143 young adults with typical development (32M, 111F, mean age: 20.3) and 59 with specific learning disorders (SLD; 12M and 47F, mean age: 20.9).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups significantly reduced their response times across learning trials (following a power trend) without generalization to untrained items, indicating that learning occurred through instance acquisition. Initially, participants with SLD performed worse than the controls. However, they reduced their times by about 96 sec with practice, even though their \"endpoint\" (asymptote) remained slower than controls. Group differences were related to these two scaling values, not the power curve coefficient. Subsequently, we reclassified the sample into three groups based on the type of deficit: one without procedural/instance deficits (\"Control\" group), one with selective deficits in \"procedural\" tasks (\"Poor procedural\" group), and one with deficits in instance-based tasks (\"Poor instance\" group). The poor instance group not only showed deficits across all tasks requiring instance retrieval (i.e., arithmetical facts and lexical representation retrieval) but was also slower (86 s) in the learning task compared to the other groups (58 and 70 s, respectively; at least <i>p</i> < 0.01). The \"Poor procedural\" group behaved similarly to the \"Control\" group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results support with the notion that a low ability to acquire and consolidate instances may contribute to the comorbidity of learning disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1560362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sex-dependent effects of food-restriction on cocaine self-administration and cocaine-seeking in rats. 食物限制对大鼠可卡因自我给药和可卡因寻找的性别依赖效应。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-10 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1603564
Alixandria T Mascarin, Ava M Mac, Srinivasu Kallakuri, Mark K Greenwald, Shane A Perrine
{"title":"Sex-dependent effects of food-restriction on cocaine self-administration and cocaine-seeking in rats.","authors":"Alixandria T Mascarin, Ava M Mac, Srinivasu Kallakuri, Mark K Greenwald, Shane A Perrine","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1603564","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1603564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Misuse of drugs and natural rewards, such as food, share common neural pathways and comparably influence behavioral consequences. Food-restriction enhances drug-taking and drug-seeking behaviors in animals, but the effect of food-restriction on cocaine self-administration and cocaine-seeking in both sexes has not been well characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Therefore, the present study investigated differences between food-restricted vs. <i>ad libitum-</i>feeding male and female Wistar rats on the acquisition of cocaine self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Food access sex-dependently altered the acquisition of cocaine self-administration such that food-restricted females, but not males, displayed an escalated intake behavior over time. Only food-restricted females differed significantly between active and inactive lever pressing during the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking session.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Taken together, these results suggest that food-restriction sex-dependently improves learning of cocaine self-administration that persists to alter cocaine-seeking behavior following abstinence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1603564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates cognitive impairment caused by hypoxia. 迷走神经刺激可改善缺氧引起的认知障碍。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-06 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1555229
Birendra Sharma, Krysten A Jones, Laura K Olsen, Raquel J Moore, Frances S Curtner, Candice N Hatcher-Solis
{"title":"Vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates cognitive impairment caused by hypoxia.","authors":"Birendra Sharma, Krysten A Jones, Laura K Olsen, Raquel J Moore, Frances S Curtner, Candice N Hatcher-Solis","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1555229","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1555229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypoxia significantly impairs cognitive function due to the brain's high demand for oxygen. While emerging evidence suggests that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can enhance cognition, its effectiveness in mitigating behavioral and molecular impairments caused by hypoxia remains unknown. This study investigated whether VNS could alleviate hypoxia-induced deficits in cognitive performance and neurotrophin expression in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham, hypoxia, and VNS + hypoxia. VNS was delivered during hypoxia (8% oxygen) exposure using 100 μs biphasic pulses at 30 Hz and 0.8 mA. Cognition and performance were assessed by behavioral testing and hippocampal tissue was collected for molecular analysis. NGF and BDNF mRNA levels were measured by quantitative PCR, and protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The passive avoidance test (PAT) performance was significantly reduced by hypoxia exposure compared to the sham group, and administration of VNS during hypoxia ameliorated this impairment. Hypoxia significantly reduced NGF and BDNF mRNA levels in the hippocampus 24 h post-exposure. VNS restored NGF mRNA to sham levels and partially increased BDNF mRNA. Immunohistochemistry results showed VNS significantly restored NGF protein expression in the hippocampus, while BDNF levels remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that VNS may serve as a promising intervention for cognitive impairments induced by hypoxia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1555229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of alterations in spontaneous behaviors in a rat model of neuropathic pain - new outcome measures for pain evaluation? 神经性疼痛大鼠模型中自发行为改变的特征-疼痛评估的新结果测量?
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-06 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1550476
Annamária Liptáková, M J Castelhano-Carlos, Juliana Fiúza-Fernandes, Nuno Sousa, Michelle Roche, David P Finn, Hugo Leite-Almeida
{"title":"Characterization of alterations in spontaneous behaviors in a rat model of neuropathic pain - new outcome measures for pain evaluation?","authors":"Annamária Liptáková, M J Castelhano-Carlos, Juliana Fiúza-Fernandes, Nuno Sousa, Michelle Roche, David P Finn, Hugo Leite-Almeida","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1550476","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1550476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pain affects all life domains including social interaction and responding. The aim of this study was to track spontaneous behaviors in an experimental chronic pain model to uncover alternative pain indicators in a socially and physically enriched home-cage setting. The spared nerve injury (SNI) was used to model neuropathic pain in Wistar Han male and female rats housed in the PhenoWorld (PhW). Spontaneous behavior of animals was recorded in their home cages once a week following SNI during both the dark and light phases of the light-dark cycle using focal sampling in order to assess alterations induced by neuropathic pain. Males and females with SNI demonstrated significantly lower threshold to von Frey test (VF) in the ipsilateral hind paws compared to sham controls. SNI significantly increased huddling time in both males and females during light and dark phases. Males showed increased grooming and play fighting during the dark phase compared to females while during the light phase females huddled significantly more than males. No significant effects were observed on other behaviors analyzed. This study showed that peripheral nerve injury has an impact on spontaneous behavior, specifically on huddling. This finding provides new perspective into pain evaluation and suggests the possibility of considering spontaneous behavior as an additional method of assessing pain-related behavior in rodents. To bridge the current gap between basic research and development of novel analgesics, there is a need to develop non-evoked behavioral assays to investigate changes in animal wellbeing and spontaneous pain. Our findings raise the possibility of discovering new outcome measures, however, additional study to reverse these behaviors with analgesics should be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1550476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Constitutive activity of the inhibitory G protein pathway mediated by non-visual opsin Opn7b reduces cFos activity in stress and fear circuits and modulates avoidance behavior. 非视觉视蛋白Opn7b介导的抑制性G蛋白通路的组成活性降低应激和恐惧回路中的cFos活性,并调节回避行为。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-05 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1540947
Hanna Böke, Hannah Schulte, Maria Worm, Julia Bihorac, Brix Mücher, Martin Hadamitzky, Ida Siveke, Stefan Herlitze, Katharina Spoida
{"title":"Constitutive activity of the inhibitory G protein pathway mediated by non-visual opsin Opn7b reduces cFos activity in stress and fear circuits and modulates avoidance behavior.","authors":"Hanna Böke, Hannah Schulte, Maria Worm, Julia Bihorac, Brix Mücher, Martin Hadamitzky, Ida Siveke, Stefan Herlitze, Katharina Spoida","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1540947","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1540947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Constitutive activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays an important role in brain function and disease including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. The non-visual opsin Opn7b is a constitutively active G <sub><i>i/o</i></sub> coupled GPCR which has been used to synchronize neuronal networks. Here we show that expression of Opn7b in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the ventral tegmental area, two interconnected brain areas involved in modulating fear and stress responses, reduces the number of cFos positive neurons and modulates avoidance behavior in mice. Thus, by constitutively activating the G <sub><i>i/o</i></sub> pathway Opn7b can be used as a tool to reduce cFos expression and to link cFos-expressing neurons to network- and pathway-specific behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1540947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vitamin A attenuates PFOS-induced neurotoxicity and alters early proximity patterns to conspecifics in zebrafish larvae. 维生素A减轻全氟辛烷磺酸引起的神经毒性,并改变斑马鱼幼虫对同种生物的早期接近模式。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-05 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1564694
Peiyun Jiang, Jingyu Wang, Xiaoying Wang, Li Zou, Di Wu, Qu Xu, Yue Jiang, Mengmeng Yao, Qin Hong, Xia Chi
{"title":"Vitamin A attenuates PFOS-induced neurotoxicity and alters early proximity patterns to conspecifics in zebrafish larvae.","authors":"Peiyun Jiang, Jingyu Wang, Xiaoying Wang, Li Zou, Di Wu, Qu Xu, Yue Jiang, Mengmeng Yao, Qin Hong, Xia Chi","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1564694","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1564694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), a persistent perfluoroalkyl substance with ubiquitous environmental distribution and bioaccumulative potential, has raised significant public health concerns due to its association with neurodevelopmental disorders. This study investigates vitamin A's neuroprotective capacity against PFOS-induced toxicity, particularly focusing on social behavior deficits-a core phenotype of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Zebrafish larvae were exposed to 1 μM or 5 μM PFOS (with/without 5 nM vitamin A co-treatment) from 24-144 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Control groups received 0.01% DMSO (vehicle) or 5 nM vitamin A alone. Developmental parameters (body length, heart rate), locomotor activity (total distance moved), and neurobehavioral endpoints (conspecific interaction) were quantified using automated tracking systems (ViewPoint ZebraLab). Neurochemical alterations were assessed through qPCR (dopaminergic genes) and AO staining (apoptosis).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PFOS exposure (5 μM) significantly increased inter-individual distance (IID) and reduced physical contact frequency during social interaction tests. Neurochemical analyses revealed concurrent dopamine transporter downregulation and apoptosis-related gene activation . Vitamin A co-treatment attenuated these effects.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that PFOS disrupts early social neurodevelopment through dopaminergic dysregulation and apoptotic signaling, while vitamin A exhibits counteractive potential. this study elucidates the impact of PFOS exposure on zebrafish social behavior and brain development. while highlighting the neuroprotective potential of vitamin A against PFOS exposure, These findings have significant guiding implications for the development of public health policy and provide a scientific foundation for comprehending the neurotoxicity of PFOS and developing effective intervention measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1564694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Higher levels of D2R and D3R in the frontal-striatal regions are associated with reduced perseverative reward seeking after opioid abstinence. 额纹状体区域较高水平的D2R和D3R与阿片类药物戒断后持续性奖励寻求减少有关。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1552055
Yingying Li, Xigeng Zheng, Cong Gao, Shao Li, Zhengkui Liu, Meixuan Lv, Fei Xiao, Yunjing Bai
{"title":"Higher levels of D2R and D3R in the frontal-striatal regions are associated with reduced perseverative reward seeking after opioid abstinence.","authors":"Yingying Li, Xigeng Zheng, Cong Gao, Shao Li, Zhengkui Liu, Meixuan Lv, Fei Xiao, Yunjing Bai","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1552055","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1552055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The lower levels of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in the striatum and the heightened levels of dopamine D2 receptor (D3R) in the midbrain have been linked to impulsive behavior and risky decision-making associated with drug dependence. While D3R has been considered a potential target for treating drug dependence, the connection between D3R in the prefrontal-striatal regions and maladaptive drug-related behaviors remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized two high-cost tasks to investigate perseverative reward seeking, specifically conflict-based approaching behavior and persistent responding behavior under a progesterone receptor (PR) procedure. Additionally, D2R and D3R levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and striatum were examined through Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After each task, male rats were divided into two subpopulations: high-approaching vs. low-approaching and high-responding vs. low-responding. Rats treated with morphine (MOR) exhibited a 3 fold increase in the likelihood of developing high-approaching or high-responding behaviors compared to drug-naïve rats. D2R expression was higher in the ventral striatum of morphine-treated, low-approaching rats than high-approaching rats, negatively correlating with approaching behaviors within the morphine-exposed group. After six consecutive PR sessions, D3R levels in the dorsal striatum differed significantly between morphine-treated, low-responding rats and morphine-treated, high-responding rats, negatively correlating with responding behaviors within the morphine-exposed group. An intriguing finding was the non-linear relationships, resembling an inverted U shape, observed between the level of D3R in the mPFC and reward-seeking behaviors, as revealed by both tasks.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The elevated or relatively higher levels of D2R and D3R in the frontal-striatal regions may serve as protective factors for individuals abstaining from opioids, enabling them to control their reward-seeking behavior better.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1552055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of propofol on the cognition and hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate subunits expression in an MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease rat model. 异丙酚对mptp诱导的帕金森病大鼠模型认知和海马n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸亚基表达的影响
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-06-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1607421
Ping Zhu, Yongyan Zhang, Hua Xu, Yu Ren
{"title":"Effects of propofol on the cognition and hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate subunits expression in an MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease rat model.","authors":"Ping Zhu, Yongyan Zhang, Hua Xu, Yu Ren","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1607421","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1607421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment. Until now, little is known about the effect of anesthetics on cognitive function in PD patients. The imbalance of hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors NR2A/NR2B subunit ratio is reported to be associated with memory dysfunction in PD rats. The current study investigated the effects of propofol on the cognitive function and hippocampal NR2A/NR2B ratio in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD rat model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MPTP was stereotaxically injected into the substantia nigra pars compacta of male Wistar rats. Next day (day 2), the rats in the chronic intervention groups were injected daily with either propofol (80 mg/kg/day, i.p.) or fat emulsion for 7 days (day 2-8). The rats in the acute intervention groups received propofol or fat emulsion only on day 8. Then, all the rats underwent an open field test and an inhibitory avoidance (IA) test. At last, the rats were killed for histological analysis and hippocampal NR2A and NR2B proteins and mRNA level quantification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither acute nor chronic treatment with propofol can significantly change the impairment of locomotor activity and dopaminergic denervation of the striatum in MPTP-lesioned rats. MPTP lesioning caused IA memory impairment, which was aggravated by chronic treatment with propofol. Furthermore, chronic treatment with propofol also aggravated the imbalance of hippocampal NR2A/NR2B ratio in MPTP-lesioned rats.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The current findings indicate that chronic propofol treatment exacerbated MPTP-induced inhibitory avoidance (IA) memory impairment and aggravated the imbalance of hippocampal NR2A/NR2B ratio in MPTP-lesioned rats. Our current data demonstrate a correlation, not direct causation, between NR2A/NR2B dysregulation and cognitive impairment. Future studies should probe whether this imbalance is a driver or consequence of synaptic dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1607421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of online games on creativity and the role of imagination. 网络游戏对创造力的影响和想象力的作用。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1561548
Yung-Hsun Cheng
{"title":"The impact of online games on creativity and the role of imagination.","authors":"Yung-Hsun Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1561548","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1561548","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background study: &lt;/strong&gt;The rapid growth of online gaming has sparked interest in its potential effects on cognitive abilities such as creativity. Previous research indicates that interactive digital environments may enhance creative skills through immersive gameplay. However, the role of imagination as a mediator in the relationship between gaming and creativity remains under-explored. This study investigates how playing online games influences creativity and examines the mediating effect of imagination in this relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary objectives of this research are to: (1) evaluate the direct impact of online gaming: investigate how participation in online gaming affects players' imagination and creativity levels, measuring specific outcomes through qualitative and quantitative assessments. (2) explore the mediating role of imagination: analyze the relationship between players' motivation for gaming and their creative output, focusing on how imagination serves as a mediating factor in this dynamic. (3) differentiate game types and their effects: assess how various genres of online games, specifically role-playing games (RPGs) and sandbox games, uniquely influence players' imaginative capabilities and creative expressions, using comparative analyses to highlight differences in outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study employed a mixed-method approach, combining survey questionnaires and experimental procedures. The survey collected responses from 202 participants, gathering insights into their gaming behaviors, motivations, and perceived creativity. For the experimental segment, 12 participants (6 males, 6 females) were divided equally into experimental and control groups. Participants were assigned to either play &lt;i&gt;Genshin Impact&lt;/i&gt; (a RPG) or &lt;i&gt;Roblox&lt;/i&gt; (a sandbox game) to observe differences in creativity and imagination lasting for four weeks. Data were analyzed to determine the relationship between gaming motivation, imagination, and creativity. However, the goal of this work was to investigate whether exclusive play of either Roblox or Genshin Impact over a four-week period would differentially influence player motivation, creativity, and imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Results from the survey and experimental data indicate a significant relationship between players' motivation and post-game imagination. Notably, gaming motivation also had a significant impact on creativity, particularly in &lt;i&gt;Genshin Impact&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Roblox&lt;/i&gt;. The findings confirmed that imagination acts as a mediator between motivation and creativity, suggesting that players who are more motivated display enhanced creative abilities, partly due to increased imaginative engagement during gameplay.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study concludes that online gaming can positively influence creativity, especially when imagination mediates the relationship between gaming motivation and c","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1561548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deletion of Mex3c gene leads to autistic-like behavior in mice by inhibiting AMPK signal pathway. Mex3c基因缺失通过抑制AMPK信号通路导致小鼠自闭症样行为。
IF 2.6 3区 医学
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-05-20 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1551440
Hui Cai, Chengping Zhang, Haonan Zhang, Yong Du, Kai Wang
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