Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Identifying P100 and N170 as electrophysiological markers for conscious and unconscious processing of emotional facial expressions.","authors":"Lennard Herzberg, Julia Schräder, Han-Gue Jo, Ute Habel, Lisa Wagels","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1464888","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1464888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Everyday life requires correct processing of emotions constantly, partly occurring unconsciously. This study aims to clarify the effect of emotion perception on different event-related potentials (ERP; P100, N170). The P100 and N170 are tested for their suitability as electrophysiological markers in unconscious processing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a modified backward masking paradigm, 52 healthy participants evaluated emotional facial expressions (happy, sad, or neutral) during EEG recording. While varying primer presentation time (16.7 ms for unconscious; 150 ms for conscious perception), either congruent or incongruent primer / target emotions were displayed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The N170 was significantly larger in trials with conscious compared to unconscious primer presentation, while the P100 showed opposite results displaying higher amplitudes in unconscious versus conscious trials. The N170 amplitude was modulated by emotion.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Both P100 and N170 were modulated by stimulus presentation time, demonstrating the suitability as potential biomarkers and for systematic research on conscious and unconscious face processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1464888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct sex differences in ethanol consumption and operant self-administration in C57BL/6J mice with uniform regulation by glutamate AMPAR activity.","authors":"Sara Faccidomo, Vallari R Eastman, Taruni S Santanam, Katarina S Swaim, Seth M Taylor, Clyde W Hodge","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1498201","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1498201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considering sex as a biological variable (SABV) in preclinical research can enhance understanding of the neurobiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, the behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying sex-specific differences remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate SABV in ethanol (EtOH) consumption by evaluating its reinforcing effects and regulation by glutamate AMPA receptor activity in male and female mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6J mice (male and female) were assessed for EtOH intake under continuous and limited access conditions in the home cage. Acute sensitivity to EtOH sedation and blood clearance were evaluated as potential modifying factors. Motivation to consume EtOH was measured using operant self-administration procedures. Sex-specific differences in neural regulation of EtOH reinforcement were examined by testing the effects of a glutamate AMPA receptor antagonist on operant EtOH self-administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female C57BL/6J mice exhibited a time-dependent escalation in EtOH intake under both continuous and limited access conditions. They were less sensitive to EtOH sedation and had lower blood levels post-EtOH administration (4 g/kg) despite similar clearance rates. Females also showed increased operant EtOH self-administration and progressive ratio performance over a 30-day baseline period compared to males. The AMPAR antagonist GYKI 52466 (0-10 mg/kg, IP) dose-dependently reduced EtOH-reinforced lever pressing in both sexes, with no differences in potency or efficacy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings confirm that female C57BL/6J mice consume more EtOH than males in home-cage conditions and exhibit reduced acute sedation, potentially contributing to higher EtOH intake. Females demonstrated increased operant EtOH self-administration and motivation, indicating higher reinforcing efficacy. The lack of sex differences in the relative effects of GYKI 52466 suggests that AMPAR activity is equally required for EtOH reinforcement in both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1498201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of an acute Tai Chi on emotional memory and prefrontal cortex activation: a fNIRS study.","authors":"Haining Wang, Yujiang Guo, Hao Fan, Zhihao Chen, Shumeng Liu, Longfei Zhao, Yonggang Shi","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1520508","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1520508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acute exercise has the potential to influence emotional memory and cortical hemodynamics, but the specific effects depend on the type of exercise. This study aimed to determine whether acute Tai Chi practice enhances emotional memory and prefrontal cortex activation compared to cycling and a control condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a within-subjects crossover design, 36 healthy university students completed three interventions: Tai Chi, cycling, and a resting control condition. Emotional memory performance was assessed before and after each intervention, and cortical hemodynamics were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The correlation between oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) concentration in the prefrontal cortex and emotional memory accuracy was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to cycling and the control group, the Tai Chi intervention showed: (1) a significantly higher accuracy of positive emotional memory; (2) a greater increase in Oxy-Hb concentration in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) during positive emotional memory tasks; (3) a stronger positive correlation between Oxy-Hb concentration in the L-DLPFC and emotional memory accuracy. In contrast, cycling improved positive emotional memory accuracy to a lesser extent, while the control group showed no significant changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tai Chi, compared to cycling and rest, significantly enhanced positive emotional memory and L-DLPFC activation. These findings highlight the unique potential of Tai Chi to improve emotional memory through increased cortical activation, suggesting its effectiveness as a cognitive-emotional intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1520508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swimming through asymmetry: zebrafish as a model for brain and behavior lateralization.","authors":"Alessandra Gobbo, Andrea Messina, Giorgio Vallortigara","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1527572","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1527572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The left and right sides of the brain show anatomical, neurochemical and functional differences. In the past century, brain and behavior lateralization was considered a human peculiarity associated with language and handedness. However, nowadays lateralization is known to occur among all vertebrates, from primates to fish. Fish, especially zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>), have emerged as a crucial model for exploring the evolution and mechanisms of brain asymmetry. This review summarizes recent advances in zebrafish research on brain lateralization, highlighting how genetic tools, imaging, and transgenic methods have been used to investigate left-right asymmetries and their impact on sensory, cognitive, and social behaviors including possible links to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1527572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current virtual reality-based rehabilitation interventions in neuro-developmental disorders at developmental ages.","authors":"Micaela Capobianco, Concetto Puzzo, Chiara Di Matteo, Alberto Costa, Walter Adriani","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1441615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1441615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This mini-review examines the available papers about virtual reality (VR) as a tool for the diagnosis or therapy of neurodevelopmental disorders, focusing on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD). Through a search on literature, we selected 62 studies published between 1998 and 2024. After exclusion criteria, our synoptic table includes 32 studies on ADHD (17 were on diagnostic evaluation and 15 were on therapeutic interventions), 2 on pure ASD, and 2 on pure SLD. These cover a total of 8,139 participants with ADHD (ages 3-19), 458 with ASD (ages 4-19), and 162 with SLD (ages 7-11). Results show that VR offers high ecological validity and enables improvements in cognitive and social skills. Specifically, in individuals with ADHD, VR showed benefits in attention and executive function, with optimal results when combined with pharmacological treatments. For ASD kids, VR proved effective in enhancing social skills and emotional regulation through personalized virtual scenarios. However, the literature on SLD remains limited, suggesting an evolving area of research. Despite limitations related to small sample sizes and technology costs, VR presents a promising outlook for clinical intervention in neuro-developmental disorders, supporting enhanced skills in a safe and controlled environment. We conclude that both immersive and non-immersive VR represents a valuable supplement to traditional therapies, allowing for personalized approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1441615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes during drawing interactions in romantic couples: an fNIRS study.","authors":"Xinxin Huang, Limin Bai, Yantong Chen, Hongsen Cui, Lishen Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1476535","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1476535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interpersonal interaction is essential to romantic couples. Understanding how gender impacts an individual's brain activities during intimate interaction is crucial. The present study examined gender differences in oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes during real-time drawing interactions between members of romantic couples using non-invasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We analyzed the oxy-Hb concentrations of romantic couples engaged in interactive (i.e., chase and escape) and non-interactive (i.e., individual) drawing sessions. Our findings indicated that males (vs. females) exhibited more pronounced oxy-Hb concentrations in Broca's area, motor area, sensorimotor cortex, and temporal lobe areas than women in an interactive drawing task, suggesting a heightened goal-oriented engagement in social interaction. Significant positive correlations were found between oxy-Hb volumes of the temporal area and the Quality of Relationship Index (QRI), underscoring the impact of interpersonal dynamics on brain function during interactive tasks. This study deepens the understanding of gender differences in neural mechanisms in social interaction tasks and provides important insights for intimacy research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1476535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute aerobic exercise enhances associative learning in regular exercisers but not in non-regular exercisers.","authors":"Kayleigh D Gultig, Cornelis P Boele, Lotte E M Roggeveen, Ting Fang Soong, Sebastiaan K E Koekkoek, Chris I De Zeeuw, Henk-Jan Boele","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1515682","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1515682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Physical exercise has repeatedly been reported to have advantageous effects on brain functions, including learning and memory formation. However, objective tools to measure such effects are often lacking. Eyeblink conditioning is a well-characterized method for studying the neural basis of associative learning. As such, this paradigm has potential as a tool to assess to what extent exercise affects one of the most basic forms of learning. Until recently, however, using this paradigm for testing human subjects in their daily life was technically challenging. As a consequence, no studies have investigated how exercise affects eyeblink conditioning in humans. Here we hypothesize that acute aerobic exercise is associated with improved performance in eyeblink conditioning. Furthermore, we explored whether the effects of exercise differed for people engaging in regular exercise versus those who were not.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study using a smartphone-based platform for conducting neurometric eyeblink conditioning in healthy adults aged between 18 and 40 years (<i>n</i> = 36). Groups were matched on age, sex, and education level. Our primary outcome measures included the amplitude and timing of conditioned eyelid responses over the course of eyeblink training. As a secondary measure, we studied the amplitude of the unconditioned responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acute exercise significantly enhanced the acquisition of conditioned eyelid responses; however, this effect was only true for regularly exercising individuals. No statistically significant effects were established for timing of the conditioned responses and amplitude of the unconditioned responses.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights a facilitative role of acute aerobic exercise in associative learning and emphasizes the importance of accounting for long-term exercise habits when investigating the acute effects of exercise on brain functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1515682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: New frameworks for chronic diseases treatment: research, prevention, intervention.","authors":"Mauro Cozzolino, Giovanna Celia, Chiara Fioretti, Francesca Tessitore","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1540781","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1540781","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1540781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding gender differences in reasoning and specific paradigm using meta-analysis of neuroimaging.","authors":"Lina Chen, Zeqing Zheng, Jin Liang, Yuerui Lin, Qingqing Miao","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1457663","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1457663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reasoning is a fundamental cognitive process that allows individuals to make inferences, decisions, and solve problems. Understanding the neural mechanisms of reasoning and the gender differences in these mechanisms is crucial for comprehending the neural foundations of reasoning and promoting gender equality in cognitive processing. This study conducted an Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 275 studies, revealing that reasoning involves multiple brain regions, including the parts of frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal lobes, limbic system, and subcortical areas. These findings indicate that reasoning is a complex cognitive process requiring the coordinated activity of multiple brain regions. Additionally, 25 studies focusing on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) paradigm confirmed the importance of these regions in reasoning processes. The gender-specific activation results indicate that males and females utilize different neural networks during reasoning and WCST tasks. While significant differences exist in specific regions, the overall activation patterns do not show marked gender differences. Notably, females exhibit greater activation in the limbic system compared to males, suggesting that emotional states may play a more prominent role for females when engaging in reasoning tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1457663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there distinct subtypes of developmental dyslexia?","authors":"Maria Chalmpe, Filippos Vlachos","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1512892","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1512892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify if children with dyslexia can be distinguished into discrete categories based on their domain deficits, indicating various neurocognitive subtypes of developmental dyslexia (DD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 101 students in the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grades of primary school (mean age 11.15 years) with a diagnosis of dyslexia from a public center and Greek as their native language. The students underwent tests assessing a wide range of abilities, specifically phonological, memory, attention, processing speed abilities, motor, visual, and visual-motor skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cluster analysis revealed that children with dyslexia can be divided into three subtypes. The first subtype includes children identified based on their performance in tasks evaluating the phonological abilities, memory, attention, processing speed, along with visual-motor and visual skills. The second subtype comprises children identified based on their performance in memory abilities, motor, and visual-motor skills. The third subtype includes children identified solely based on their performance in the motor skills domain.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In conclusion, our findings suggest that school-aged children with DD can be categorized into different subtypes with distinct neurocognitive characteristics. Furthermore, the results indicate that most children with dyslexia experience difficulties in more than one cognitive, sensory or motor domains, supporting contemporary models regarding the existence of multiple neurocognitive deficits in DD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12368,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1512892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}