Forensic science international最新文献

{"title":"Do migrants better in reintegration? A multicenter follow-up study on re-delinquency, addiction-related behavior and resocialization after German Forensic Addiction Treatment","authors":"Jan Querengässer ,&nbsp;Adelheid Bezzel","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Germany, Forensic Addiction Treatment serves the purpose of reintegration into society. Patients with a migration background are over-represented, show slightly higher rates of premature termination and exhibit less successful outcomes. However, outcome research was often limited by conceptual ambiguities and insufficient control for confounding variables. In the present article, we defined reintegration as a comprehensive concept comprising three domains (re-delinquency, addiction-related behavior, resocialization). In a multicenter approach, 466 migrant patients were compared on 35 catamnestic variables to a group of non-migrants matched on the variables sex, main offense, main diagnostic group and age at discharge. For to seek evidence for and against interrelation, we applied both inferential and Bayesian statistics. Both groups show almost the same substance use behaviors and identical re-delinquency rates, with some tendency toward more serious re-offenses among non-migrants. The migrant-group combines more favorable patterns on relevant indicators of resocialization. However, while treatment is proving equally successful in terms of its core purpose of reintegration, it does not succeed in overcoming systemic barriers to accessing the general health care system, as migrants show more reluctant help-seeking behaviors. This, in turn, could increase the risk of long-term re-delinquency due to a lack of adequate post-forensic support. Hence, barriers should be reduced and treatment offers should be adapted to migrants’ needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIGG at 5: An update on U.S. public perspectives on forensic investigative genetic genealogy five years after its introduction to criminal investigations","authors":"Christi J. Guerrini ,&nbsp;Jill O. Robinson ,&nbsp;Mohamed I. Elsaid ,&nbsp;Whitney Bash Brooks ,&nbsp;Ariel Levchenko ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Fullerton ,&nbsp;Sara Huston ,&nbsp;Norah L. Crossnohere ,&nbsp;John F.P. Bridges ,&nbsp;Jacklyn M. Dahlquist ,&nbsp;Louiza Kalokairinou ,&nbsp;Diana Madden ,&nbsp;CeCe Moore ,&nbsp;Amy L. McGuire","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2018, after law enforcement announced it had used a technique called forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) to identify the Golden State Killer, we conducted a U.S. general population survey and found most respondents supported using FIGG to solve violent crimes. Since then, FIGG has helped close hundreds of criminal cases, but it also has weathered controversies. On FIGG's fifth anniversary, we conducted an expanded, follow-up survey with U.S.-based participants to determine if public opinion had changed and found continued support for FIGG across most applications. The same proportion (91 %) of respondents in the 2018 and 2023 surveys endorsed using FIGG in genetic genealogy databases to help identify perpetrators of violent crimes. Similar to the 2018 survey, only 57 % of respondents supported FIGG to help identify perpetrators of non-violent crimes. The results indicate that U.S. policies that have been adopted for FIGG are generally consistent with the opinions of our survey respondents over time. Nonetheless, there are opportunities to strengthen FIGG governance with the goal of maintaining public trust in the technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating illicit production of MDMA from its production waste, a Dutch case study","authors":"Thomas L. ter Laak ,&nbsp;Jorrit van den Berg ,&nbsp;Erik Emke ,&nbsp;Shanna Mehlbaum ,&nbsp;Pim de Voogt","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Netherlands plays a key role in the global production of the synthetic illicit drug MDMA. However, the actual Dutch production of MDMA is difficult to quantify. The illicit production of MDMA results in large amounts of waste. This study uses amounts of waste found in the environment and production-related MDMA residues in wastewater to estimate the amount of MDMA that is produced. The MDMA produced, associated to the amount of waste found in the environment is 4.2 and 5.8 tons per year for two common synthesis routes. The MDMA produced, associated to production-related residues in wastewater is significantly larger, with 39.2 tons per year. The estimated MDMA production associated to waste in the environment and wastewater analysis is 43.4 and 45.0 tons per year for two common synthesis routes. Even though these estimates are difficult to validate, they are feasible when compared to prevalence-based consumption estimates or production estimates based on interceptions of precursors. The current study illustrates that waste of an illicit industry can shed light on its production volumes, thereby, complementing other efforts to estimate production, trade and use of synthetically produced illicit substances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for assessing the shedding of fibre in forensic science: Investigating the effects of washing","authors":"Virginie Galais ,&nbsp;Stephanie Wilson ,&nbsp;Patricia Dugard ,&nbsp;Chris Gannicliffe ,&nbsp;Bronagh Murphy ,&nbsp;Niamh Nic Daéid ,&nbsp;Hervé Ménard","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evaluation of the shedding capacity of a garment is crucial in forensic analysis to understand fibre transfer mechanisms during contact activities. While adhesive tapes are commonly used, the lack of standardised pressure application -often done manually- poses a challenge. In addition, while previous studies have examined the effects of washing on fibre evidence, there is a notable absence in the literature regarding its impact on garment shedding capacity. This study aims to address these gaps by proposing a practical method to assess garment shedding capacity. Conventional tape lifting experiments, involving manual pressure application, were conducted for comparison with the novel method proposed in this study. Controlled conditions for reproducible experiments were achieved using a cost-effective friction tester and automated data collection through photography and ImageJ image processing software. Through controlled simulations, this study seeks to examine the relationship between garment shedding capacity, fibre transfer dynamics, and the effects of textile washing during laundry cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective review of the circumstances and characteristics of 72 adult autoerotic neck compression deaths in Australia, between 2000 and 2022","authors":"Scotia P. Mullin ,&nbsp;Alastair J. Sloan ,&nbsp;Rita Hardiman","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoerotic asphyxial deaths are a rare but recurring phenomenon, the most common modality of which involves neck compression. Autoerotic neck compression can involve any compression to the neck during individual sexual activity performed to heighten arousal. This retrospective study examines 72 such deaths occurring in Australia between 2000 and 2022. The study aims to provide detailed medico-legal interpretation of such deaths and recommendations for investigation within Australian contexts, and globally. Demographic analysis reveals a predominance of Caucasian males under 50 years of age, with diverse employment and health status. Pathological examination uncovers a spectrum of injuries, from superficial abrasions to rare skeletal and cartilaginous injuries, providing insights into the mechanics and characteristics of these fatalities. Contextual examination highlights sexual paraphernalia, evidence of genital stimulation, and isolation are consistent features in most autoerotic deaths within the sample. There was a wide variety of tool usage (ropes, belts, etc.), and geo-temporal features associated with autoerotic neck compression. The study provides comprehensive examination of the circumstances and characteristics of autoerotic neck compression which may assist in differentiation between suicidal and homicidal neck compression deaths such as hanging or ligature strangulation respectively. This study is an Australian first and is the first study of autoerotic asphyxial deaths to focus solely on deaths with a neck compression component. The study incorporates new variables and suggests ways these should be considered in future death investigations. The authors argue for delineation and subcategorization of autoerotic neck compression from other autoerotic asphyxial death due to their distinct injury characteristics and mechanism of injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic characterization of Brazilian gemstones: A pilot study employing raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis","authors":"Caio Henrique Pinke Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Gabriel Castro de Sousa ,&nbsp;Marcelo Firmino de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Aline Thais Bruni","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forensic gemstone analysis faces many challenges. One of the most critical aspects of gemological research is the classification of a gemstone. It is necessary to understand the mineral species, purity, origin, and identification of treatments to identify and classify a gem correctly, as well as assign a monetary value to it. However, the identification methodology must be neither destructive nor invasive to the material. Raman spectroscopy offers several advantages, such as fast, non-destructive analysis, requiring little material, being fully reproducible, and requiring no sample preparation. Furthermore, the development of portable Raman spectrometers allows the analysis to be carried out anywhere. Fourteen Brazilian gemstones (agate, amazonite, amethyst, yellow calcite, orange calcite, citrine, hematite, yellow jasper, tiger's eye, onyx, blue quartz, rose quartz, green quartz, and sodalite) were analyzed using the TacticID N 785 nm portable Raman system. For each of the fourteen types of gemstones, three fragments of rough and three polished gemstones were analyzed. Three spectra of each piece in different faces were taken, totaling nine spectra for each species and 252 spectra in all. We used one univariate technique (Pearson correlation coefficient) and one classificatory technique-Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) to evaluate the spectra. Results showed that the univariate method was not able to discriminate the classes. However, SIMCA analysis showed promising results for classification. These results were achieved after removing outliers and making a variable selection. More specifically, some samples presented anomalous behavior due to the nature of the technique applied. Some regions of the spectrum did not offer information, or that information was redundant; because of these, it was removed. This suggests that Raman spectroscopy and multivariate methods can be essential tools for classifying gemstones, not only Brazilian ones but of any origin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143037790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase: A biomarker for authentication of death from mechanical asphyxia","authors":"Tianpu Wu ,&nbsp;Wencan Li ,&nbsp;Yikai Hu ,&nbsp;Dongchuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lu Tian ,&nbsp;Hongmei Xu ,&nbsp;Fu Zhang ,&nbsp;Bi Xiao ,&nbsp;Yi Shi ,&nbsp;Yue Chen ,&nbsp;Xinbiao Liao ,&nbsp;Kaijun Ma ,&nbsp;Long Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Death from mechanical asphyxia (DMA) refers to death from acute respiratory disorder caused by mechanical violence. Due to the absence of characteristic signs in corpses, it has been rather challenging to achieve the precise authentication of DMA. In this research, human pulmonary samples were collected and grouped according to different causes of death in search of potential biomarkers of DMA. Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADH) was identified significantly up-regulated in DMA group. Cell experiments were conducted to figure out the mechanism of the up-regulation of HADH. According to the results, we assumed acute and severe hypoxia caused by mechanical asphyxia contributed to the expression change of HADH, which could be a self-saving reaction of cells that are forced to adjust energy metabolism. Generally, HADH can be biomarker of DMA and help the precise authentication of DMA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterisation of the recently detected cathinone N-cyclohexyl pentylone","authors":"Alexandra Mayer ,&nbsp;Chrissy Black ,&nbsp;Brent R. Copp","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic cathinones are one of the most consumed new psychoactive substances (NPS) in New Zealand and around the world. The combination of the ease of manufacture and simple modification of the chemical structure of cathinone lends this class of stimulants as one that is difficult to predict and legislate. A major challenge in the rapid identification of NPS is access to valid spectra and reference material and with the constantly changing landscape of these “designer drugs”, these are difficult to obtain. This paper reports a new synthetic cathinone, <em>N-</em>cyclohexyl pentylone, which was detected within in a sample received from Drug Checking Service Provider, New Zealand Drug Foundation (NZDF). Structural elucidation and characterisation were carried out using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on forensic analysis of bio fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluid, menstrual blood, urine, saliva): Spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic technique","authors":"Chitrakara Hegde ,&nbsp;R. Shekhar ,&nbsp;P.Mano Paul ,&nbsp;Chandni Pathak","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate detection, identification, and analysis of biofluids at crime scenes play a critical role in forensic investigations. Various biofluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, menstrual blood, urine, and saliva, can be crucial evidence. In a murder case involving a knife attack, for instance, bloodstains from both the victim and perpetrator might be present. Sexual assault cases often involve the analysis of semen and vaginal secretions. Biofluid analysis employs a two-tiered approach: presumptive tests for initial identification and confirmatory tests for definitive analysis. This review article focuses on six key biofluids and their forensic significance. In this review, we comprehensively explore the relevant analytical techniques, including non-spectroscopic methods like immunoassays, spot tests, and cytokine profiling, alongside spectroscopic techniques such as Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry (MS), and Raman Spectroscopy (RS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microchimerism: The mystery of multiple DNA and its implications in forensic sciences","authors":"Zeynep Arslan","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microchimerism (MC) refers to the presence of small amounts of foreign cells or DNA in the tissues or circulation of an individual. It generally occurs through mother-fetus interaction, twin pregnancies, and intergenerational transmission. MC is influenced by genetic and environmental factors such as toxic conditions, immunological suppression, and various diseases (influenza, COVID-19, etc.). Progenitor cells transferred from the fetus to the mother through fetal MC are known to differentiate into neurons in the maternal brain. Although the relationship between these cells and the brain is not fully understood, it is thought that they may play a role in the emergence of some mental illnesses. The long-term presence of microchimeric cells in the body by differentiating into various cell types such as the brain, heart, bone, liver, and lung can lead to the presence of two or more DNA sets in an individual. This can lead to confusion in forensic identification and sex determination processes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the definition, transmission pathways, detection duration in the human body, associated diseases, analytical detection techniques, and the importance of MC in forensic sciences. In this context, it is aimed to draw attention to the potential dangers of MC and contribute to the justice system. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the need for scientific research on this topic by creating a starting point for future research in the field of MC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 112345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}