Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103063
Yu Chen , Qiaoyun Wang , Xing Zhou , E. Liao , Ying Zhang , Jiwang Chen
{"title":"Combination of nisin, lysozyme, and tea polyphenols altered the bacterial communities and flavor profiles of sturgeon caviar during cold storage","authors":"Yu Chen , Qiaoyun Wang , Xing Zhou , E. Liao , Ying Zhang , Jiwang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caviar, known for its high-value and nutrition, is prone to quality deterioration. This study explored the effects of nisin, lysozyme, and tea polyphenols on the flavor profiles and bacterial community in sturgeon caviar during cold storage. Results demonstrated that these natural preservatives significantly (<em>p</em> < 0.05) delayed protein breakdown (TVB-N reduced by 22.2 %) and lipid oxidation (TBARS reduced by 34.4 %) by day 100. GC-IMS analysis identified key spoilage-related aldehydes (e.g., heptanal, hexanal), whose formation was effectively controlled by the natural preservatives. The preservatives also markedly reduced bacterial community diversity and altered the bacterial community composition, delaying spoilage bacteria growth and potential metabolic activity. Notably, <em>Psychrobacter</em> emerged as the potential biomarker, constituting 97.30 % of the bacterial community in treated caviar by the end of storage. These results provided a foundational basis for the potential application of natural antibacterial agents and antioxidants complexes as preservatives in caviar production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103063"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103067
Xiangyong Zeng , Yunman Zou , Dong Li , Chaoyang Wei , Dounan Li , Yan Yan , Qiang Lin
{"title":"Systematically exploring and evaluating core fungal composition and their flavor profile in fermented grains of Jiang-flavor baijiu","authors":"Xiangyong Zeng , Yunman Zou , Dong Li , Chaoyang Wei , Dounan Li , Yan Yan , Qiang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungi play critical roles in the production of flavors during pit fermentation. To date, however, knowledge regarding core fungi in JFB remains limited. This study aimed to identify core fungi and evaluate their fermentation performance. Based on criteria including abundance, distribution range, interaction strength, and flavor-producing capacity, <em>Zygosaccharomyces</em>, <em>Aspergillus</em>, <em>Millerozyma</em>, and unclassified <em>Dipodascaceae</em> were identified as core fungi. Dominant species <em>A. niger</em> m6 and <em>Z. pseudobailii</em> J71 exhibited high metabolic activities. Co-culture systems of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> J73 with <em>Z. pseudobailii</em> (SZ 1:10) and with <em>A. niger</em> (SA 1:0.1) enhanced the production of alcohols, acids, and esters. Compared with D35, the contents of certain flavor compounds were significantly higher in the SA and SZ co-culture systems. Collectively, this study firstly provides comprehensive exploration and evaluation of core fungi in JFB, establishing a preliminary foundation for constructing synthetic microbial communities and elucidating microbial interaction mechanisms during the production of baijiu flavors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103067"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103066
Xiefei Li , Jieyu Yang , Hanling Liang , Guoze Wang , Jiahong Zhang , Peng Luo , Chunwei Wu
{"title":"Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-based inoculated fermentation of Guiyang sour rice-noodles improved its flavor quality","authors":"Xiefei Li , Jieyu Yang , Hanling Liang , Guoze Wang , Jiahong Zhang , Peng Luo , Chunwei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the use of <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> to fermentation and mitigate the generation of stink and unstable flavor quality during the natural fermentation (NF) of Guiyang sour rice-noodles. The mechanisms were explored using flavoromics, metabolomics, and microbiomics. The results showed that alcohols and aldehydes were the primary volatile flavor compounds in Guiyang sour rice-noodles. Inoculated fermentation (IF) significantly increased the concentrations of these compounds while reducing off-odor by decreasing the abundance of butyric acid-producing microorganisms, thereby potentially improving the aroma. In the IF group, 23 non-volatile flavor compounds increased, while 24 decreased, involving 16 metabolic pathways. Correlation network analysis revealed a strong association between <em>L. plantarum</em> and the production of alcohols, aldehydes, unsaturated fatty acids, free amino acids, and organic acids. These findings suggest that IF overcomes the limitations of NF, enhancing the flavor profile of Guiyang sour rice-noodles and providing a theoretical basis for optimizing its production process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103066"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103062
Xudong He , Feiyan Yang , Guangfan Qu , Hanzhi Zhang , Ming Yi , Xu Wang , Shuguo Sun
{"title":"Integrated microbial and proteomic analysis elucidates quality degradation mechanisms of fresh milk through the industrial processing stage","authors":"Xudong He , Feiyan Yang , Guangfan Qu , Hanzhi Zhang , Ming Yi , Xu Wang , Shuguo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fresh milk quality deterioration during processing is a major dairy challenge, with microbial-driven protein degradation mechanisms unclear. This study pioneers an integrated microbiome-proteome approach to systematically elucidate the dynamic interplay between microbial succession and protein quality changes during industrial processing. Microbial community analysis revealed oscillatory richness, with 2.3-fold and 1.8-fold increases during pre-treatment (PL) and refrigerated transport (RC), respectively. Pseudomonas (12.4 % → 31.7 %) and Acinetobacter (8.1 % → 19.3 %) dominated key phases, with proteomics showing significant nutrient loss (IgM: −69.8 %; IgG: −54.15 %). Integrating microbial metagenomics with proteolytic pathway analysis identified proteases from Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter as key drivers of protein degradation (68 % activity). Pasteurization cut microbial load by 82 % but paradoxically intensified nutrient loss via protein denaturation. Crucially, our data establish a time-dependent degradation model, revealing that combined microbial enzymatic action and thermal effects account for 76 % of total protein hydrolysis, providing a theoretical framework for developing targeted intervention strategies in dairy processing optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103062"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103056
Lei Zhao , Ya Zhou , Weiguo Yue , Qingshan Shen , Jingxuan Ke , Yanli Ma , Lifang Zhang , Hua Bian
{"title":"Natural phenolics as multitarget antimicrobials for food preservation: mechanisms of action","authors":"Lei Zhao , Ya Zhou , Weiguo Yue , Qingshan Shen , Jingxuan Ke , Yanli Ma , Lifang Zhang , Hua Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural phenolics are emerging as promising clean-label antimicrobials, yet evidence for their multitarget mechanisms remains scattered. This review synthesizes 158 studies (2013–2025) on <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and related pathogens. Three converging antibacterial targets are identified: ROS generation (72 % of phenolics), membrane disruption (58 %), and DNA interaction (41 %). Compounds such as bisdemethoxycurcumin, gallic acid, thymol, and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) act across all targets, reducing bacterial counts by up to 4 log CFU/mL at ≤2 × MIC. A cascade mechanism is proposed: ROS triggers lipid peroxidation, weakening membranes, enhancing phenolic uptake, and accelerating DNA damage. Food matrix factors (pH, fat, water activity, microbiota) can suppress efficacy by up to 90 %. Emerging delivery strategies—nanoemulsions, biopolymer capsules, and active films—partially restore function. This review integrates molecular insights with food system data, offering a practical framework for designing robust phenolic-based antimicrobials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103056"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103051
Xiaobin Ji , Huijing Guo , Jiluan Chen , Fangyuan Song
{"title":"Both 1-methylcyclopropene treatment and fresh-keeping mats mitigate peel browning and affect the aroma of Xinjiang “Yinggeer” flat peaches during cold storage","authors":"Xiaobin Ji , Huijing Guo , Jiluan Chen , Fangyuan Song","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study explored the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and fresh-keeping mats (FKP) on aroma volatile levels and peel browning (PB) in flat peaches during.</div><div>cold storage. Both 1-MCP and FKP treatments prevented PB by inhibiting the activity of polyphenol oxidase, lipoxygenase, and peroxidase; reducing relative electrolytic leakage; and down-regulating malondialdehyde levels, thus increasing the content of unsaturated fatty acids. Although both the 1-MCP and FKP treatments prevented PB, FKP-treated fruit showed a higher content of aromatic compounds, greater fruit firmness, delayed reduction in the soluble solids content, and lower titratable acidity. Correlation and pathway analysis demonstrated that PB was positively correlated with polyphenol oxidase activity, peroxidase activity, relative electrolytic leakage, and malondialdehyde levels. Notably, the reduced peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities, relative electrolytic leakage, and malondialdehyde content inhibited PB in flat peaches. These findings show that FKP treatment is a simple and effective strategy for improving the storage quality of flat peaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103051"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103059
Xiangrui Li , Huan Lv , Xinyu Zhang , Wenjia Yang , Wencan Luo , Linghong Kong , Lu Zeng , Qiujin Zhu
{"title":"In-situ synthesized porphyrinic zirconium MOF-derived multilayered nanocomposite probe for ultra-sensitive immunosensor","authors":"Xiangrui Li , Huan Lv , Xinyu Zhang , Wenjia Yang , Wencan Luo , Linghong Kong , Lu Zeng , Qiujin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) is a major concern due to its widespread contamination and potential harm. Colorimetric lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) incorporating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used for on-site analyte detection. However, it remains challenging due to the limited brightness of AuNPs. Herein, we introduce an immunosensor for highly sensitive AFB<sub>1</sub> detection utilizing a multilayered nanocomposite probe (PCN-224@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PDA@Ab/HRP), created by sequentially modifying Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, polydopamine layers, and horseradish peroxidase on a porphyrinic metal-organic framework, which offers magnetic separation, high signal brightness, and strong catalytic activity. Integrated with a competitive assay format, the immunosensor achieved ultrasensitive detection of AFB<sub>1</sub>, with a detection range of 0.003–3 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0014 ng/mL. Moreover, our immunosensor exhibited satisfactory recoveries and successful detection of AFB<sub>1</sub> in cereal samples. Therefore, this work offers innovative strategies for designing multi-functional nanocomposite probes that enhance detection sensitivity, holding great promise in food safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103059"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fortification of fermented soy milk using whey protein isolate/gelatin microhydrogels-loaded with sesame bioactive peptides","authors":"Zahra Norouzi , Leila Nateghi , Ladan Rashidi , Sara Movahhed","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sesame seed protein isolate (SSPI) and hydrolysate (SSPH) were encapsulated in microhydrogels made of gelatin (GL) and whey protein isolate (WPI) at varying concentrations. The study assessed encapsulation efficiency (EE), swelling degree (SW), and antioxidant activity. The best microhydrogel, with the highest EE (84.20 % ± 0.24 %, significantly higher than other treatments, <em>P</em> < 0.05), SW (31.67 % ± 0.16 %, <em>P</em> < 0.05), and radical scavenging activities (DPPH: 83.28 %, ABTS: 85.73 %), was formed with 3 % GL, 5 % WPI, and SSPH (100 μg/mL), designated as T8. This formulation showed superior antioxidant properties compared to SSPI. T8 had a particle size of 1094 nm, a surface charge of −40.5 mV, and a denaturation temperature of 91.52 °C. Its controlled release of SSPH in stomach and intestine conditions (35.34 % and 59.19 %, respectively) suggested protective effects. T8 was incorporated into soy milk with probiotic <em>L. rhamnosus</em>, improving acidity, viscosity, and sensory properties, while reducing syneresis and pathogen bacteria counts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103061"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103043
Xiaochun Zheng , Jie Sheng , Yu Chen , Bin Wang , Xuewei Shi
{"title":"Effects of Chardonnay grape skin residue on the chemical, sensory and nutritional value of Cabernet Sauvignon wine","authors":"Xiaochun Zheng , Jie Sheng , Yu Chen , Bin Wang , Xuewei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored the impact of adding <em>Chardonnay</em> grape skin residue (CGSR) on the quality of <em>Cabernet Sauvignon</em> wine. The results showed that the physicochemical indexes, aroma substances, and taste of <em>Cabernet Sauvignon</em> wine with CGSR (CSWS) were significantly improved. The content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in CSWS increased by 34.1 %. The total antioxidant capacity of CSWS increased by 17.7 %. <em>In vitro</em> simulated digestion experiments indicated that the bioaccessibility of CSWS increased by 7.5–9.2 %. Based on 50 shared differential metabolites in non-targeted metabolomics, changes in the contents of amino acids, flavonoids, and organic acids reflected the specific characteristics of the wine. This study shows that adding CGSR can not only improve the flavor quality of <em>Cabernet Sauvignon</em> wine but also increase the value of CGSR, and provide a new strategy for enhancing the complexity of red wine and exploring its nutritional characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103043"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103054
Wenwen Luo , Shixin Hua , Mengxue He , Jianan Sun
{"title":"Study on the correlation and formation mechanism of flavor compounds and Maillard reaction products during the drying process of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Wenwen Luo , Shixin Hua , Mengxue He , Jianan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drying is an essential step of extending the shelf life and altering eating qualities of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>. However, during the drying of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>, the formation mechanisms for flavor and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) remain inadequately explored. This study investigated the effects on physicochemical properties, flavor and MRPs following four drying treatments. Microwave drying (MD) demonstrated excellent color, drying rate and aesthetic features. Correlation analyses revealed that when pyrazines accumulated, levels of MRPs like total advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) elevated. It was evident from using glucose-lysine simulation system that characteristic flavor components like 2-nonanone were preserved during MD without further reactions to produce pyrazines and aldehydes, as in air frying and roasted drying. Meanwhile, it prevented the formation of AGEs and 5-HMF. This study offered theoretical direction for the quality monitoring of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> drying.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 103054"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}