{"title":"Preparation of high Fischer ratio peptides from seabuckthorn (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> L.) seed meal, characterization and functional evaluation.","authors":"Yuanju Zheng, Yunxi Zhou, Yichao Pei, Zhuoling Feng, Michael Yuen, Hywel Yuen, Qiang Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to study the changes before and after the preparation of high F-ratio peptides, seabuckthorn seed meal high F-ratio peptides (HFP) were prepared by using alkaline protease and papain with activated charcoal adsorption, which resulted in an F-ratio of 21.626 at a peptide yield of 22.54 ± 0.86 %. A comparison of seabuckthorn seed meal peptides (HP) and their high F-ratio counterparts revealed alterations in the secondary structure of the peptides, a decline in fluorescence intensity. Additionally, a shift in the microstructure towards a more loosely packed configuration was observed. Sensory evaluation yielded no significant differences. The physicochemical properties of the peptides were enhanced, and their solubility was improved. Conversely, the emulsification and foaming abilities of the peptides were reduced. The functional activities of the peptides, such as antioxidant and antiglycemic properties, were also enhanced. This study provides a reference for the utilization of high F-ratio peptides in food applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"102523"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biopurification of functional soybean oligosaccharides from defatted soybean yellow pulp water fermented by yeast species: A process study.","authors":"Zhenjiang Li, Jiaxin Liang, Shilin Liu, Xin Hu, Lidong Wang, Changyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a biotechnological method for isolating highly functional soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) from soybean yellow pulp water (YPW) using microbial fermentation and resin-based purification methods. <i>Candida sake</i> selectively metabolizes sucrose, enabling the enrichment of target oligosaccharides. Under optimized fermentation conditions (6 % <i>w</i>/<i>v</i> YPW, 4 % <i>v</i>/v inoculum, and 28 °C), an 8 h process achieved retention rates of 85.93 % for raffinose and 85.17 % for stachyose, preserving the functional oligosaccharides. Isoelectric precipitation at pH 4.6 removed 72.47 % of the protein, while sequential treatment with AB-8, 001 × 7, and D392 resins resulted in 72.47 % decolorization and 74.98 % desalination at a flow rate of 2 BV/h. The final product contained 74.98 % functional oligosaccharides, demonstrating the scalability of the proposed approach for YPW valorization. These findings contribute to the sustainable utilization of soybean-processing byproducts through targeted resource recovery strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"102522"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102543
Guiqin Liu , Ning Wang , Xue Chen , Yaqian Jin , Junnan Wan , Yanhao Zhao , Yiting Zhao , Cunfang Wang
{"title":"Investigation of the structural, functional, and digestive properties of beta-casein from cow, goat, and donkey milk","authors":"Guiqin Liu , Ning Wang , Xue Chen , Yaqian Jin , Junnan Wan , Yanhao Zhao , Yiting Zhao , Cunfang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the genotypes, structures, physicochemical properties, in vitro antioxidants, and digestive properties of isolated goat, donkey, and cow β-casein (β-CN). The β-CN genotypes of goats and donkeys are not cow type A1 β-CN, avoiding the unfavorable effects on intestinal digestion of BCM-7, a peptide fragment produced by the digestion of cow type A1 β-CN from bovine milk. Goat and donkey β-CN exhibited a smaller particle size, a more stable solution system, a looser secondary structure, and better solubility than cow β-CN. The microstructural findings from simulations of in vitro digestion in infants revealed that goat β-CN exhibited superior digestibility, characterized by reduced flocculation and a more loosely organized protein structure during the gastric digestion phase. Furthermore, the degree of hydrolysis indicated that both goat and donkey β-CN were significantly more readily digested compared to cow β-CN. Moreover, donkey β-CN gastrointestinal digests possessed significant anti-free radical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102543"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102514
Haijiao Lin , Xiangmin Li , Zengyi Song , Yu Liu , Zijia Li , Qingyun He , Binbin Wei , Ziwen Wang
{"title":"Exploration of the varieties differences on the volatile and non-volatile metabolites of Alpinia galanga and Myristica fragrans utilizing electronic sensing evaluation and untargeted metabolomics analysis","authors":"Haijiao Lin , Xiangmin Li , Zengyi Song , Yu Liu , Zijia Li , Qingyun He , Binbin Wei , Ziwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are differences in flavor, efficacy, and price between the cardamom varieties <em>Alpinia galanga</em> (H) and <em>Myristica fragrans</em> (R). It is crucial to distinguish their bioactivities and metabolites, given their high economic value and dietary frequency. This study determined total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and in vitro/cellular antioxidant activities of R and H. Their volatile/non-volatile metabolites were analyzed via electronic sensing (<em>E</em>-nose, HS-GC–MS/MS) and untargeted metabolomics (UPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS<sup>E</sup>). Results demonstrated that R exhibited superior antioxidant capacity to H, with both correlating positively with TPC and TFC. A total of 195 non-volatile metabolites were identified and Malabaricone C, alkyl-DHAP, and (<em>R</em>)-Shinanolone were the key components for distinguishing them. <em>E</em>-nose showed W1C, W2W and W5S sensors were more sensitive. Furthermore, 219 kinds of volatile metabolites were identified, among which 14 key differential volatile components were screened out. The study established a theoretical basis for differentiating and characterizing both cardamoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102514"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102545
Xiao Wang , Hongru Liu , Hui He , Xinyu Luo , Hang Yang , Khushwant S. Bhullar , Bingjie Chen , Di Su , Tiantian Zhao , Wenzong Zhou
{"title":"Optimizing decolorization and deodorization to remove pigments and fishy odors while preserving antioxidant activity in Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) hydrolysate","authors":"Xiao Wang , Hongru Liu , Hui He , Xinyu Luo , Hang Yang , Khushwant S. Bhullar , Bingjie Chen , Di Su , Tiantian Zhao , Wenzong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to develop an efficient method for decolorizing and deodorizing Asian swamp eel (ASE) hydrolysate. At an activated carbon (AC) dosage of 0.5 % and pH 4.0, insoluble peptides from trichloroacetic acid (TCA), which have poor antioxidant activity, were effectively removed. Meanwhile, other nitrogenous fractions with better antioxidant activity were retained, achieving a decolorization rate of 74.02 ± 0.38 %. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) successfully distinguished the solid phase microextraction gas chromatograph-mass spectrometery (SPME-GC–MS) results of samples treated with different deodorization methods (ASE stock hydrolysate, AC treatment, AC + complex bacteria, AC + yeast, and AC + cyclodextrin). A total of 22 differential volatile compounds with variable importance projection (VIP) values greater than 1 were identified. The combination of AC treatment and cyclodextrin encapsulation effectively removed undesirable odors, enhancing the sensory quality and market competitiveness of the final product.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102545"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102516
Yuehui Wang , Huixin Liang , Zhongyuan Hu , Lei Chen , Lijie Zhu , Kun Zhuang , Wenping Ding , Qian Shen
{"title":"Evaluation of flavor properties in rice bran by solid-state fermentation with yeast","authors":"Yuehui Wang , Huixin Liang , Zhongyuan Hu , Lei Chen , Lijie Zhu , Kun Zhuang , Wenping Ding , Qian Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice bran (RB) as an available agricultural by-product is currently underutilized due to its susceptibility to oxidation and rancidity. This study investigated the evaluation of flavor properties in RB by solid-state fermentation with yeast (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>). The volatile compounds (VOCs) in fermented RB were detected by chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC–MS). A total of 76 volatile compounds (VOCs) including 10 aldehydes, 6 ketones, 9 alcohols, 20 esters, 10 hydrocarbons, 10 acids, and 11 compounds from other classes were identified. The odor intensity of RB fermentation by yeast was enhanced, especially for sulfides, hydrocarbons, and aromatic compounds. The fermented rice bran (FRB) exhibited a more diverse aroma profile, characterized by wine-like, fruity, and sweet odors, which significantly improved the overall sensory qualities of RB. This study provided the fermentation method for rice processing to promote the deep processing of by-products for more food resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102516"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102506
Kwan Joong Kim , Dae-Ok Kim
{"title":"Characterization of acyl-quinic acids and antioxidant capacity in defective green coffee beans using LC-HRMS","authors":"Kwan Joong Kim , Dae-Ok Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A significant proportion of defective green coffee beans (GCBs) are produced during the pre- and post-harvesting processes, reducing overall bean quality. Although GCBs can be used as a source of bioactive compounds, few relevant analyses of such uses have been reported. This study focuses on the characterization and quantification of acyl-quinic acids in 10 different types of defective <em>Coffea arabica</em> GCBs, along with an investigation of their antioxidant capacity. A total of 37 acyl-quinic acids were identified, with 3-<em>p</em>-coumaroyl-4-feruloylquinic acid, 3-feruloyl-4-<em>p</em>-coumaroylquinic acid, 4-<em>p</em>-coumaroyl-5-feruloylquinic acid, and 4-feruloyl-5-dimethoxycinnamoylquinic acid reported for the first time in Arabica GCBs. Defective GCBs (full black, partial black, insect damage, withered, and floater types) had significantly higher acyl-quinic acid contents compared with non-defective GCBs. Among them, the black, insect damage, and withered types had greater antioxidant capacity compared with non-defective beans. These findings suggest that defective GCBs can be viable sources of bioactive compounds for the nutraceutical or pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102506"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102557
Yajie Zhang , Baoping Shi , Huaixu Wang , Zening Zhang , Ka Wing Cheng
{"title":"Combination of edible oil choice and baking time for oyster: Sensory, nutritional, and harmful thermal byproduct evaluation","authors":"Yajie Zhang , Baoping Shi , Huaixu Wang , Zening Zhang , Ka Wing Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Baked oyster is popular for its excellent nutritional and sensory properties. Besides baking time, cooking oils are also critical factors because of their often varying fatty acid and antioxidant profiles. This study evaluated the impact of cooking oils (soybean, peanut, corn, olive) and durations (5–15 min at 200 °C) on baked oysters. The oils (especially olive oil) significantly improved brightness and reduced redness of the oysters. Although they reduced soluble proteins and increased protein carbonyls, they improved protein digestibility and hydrophobicity relative to the control. Olive oil most effectively inhibited lipid peroxidation (84 %) and preserved EPA/DHA via its antioxidants and MUFAs. It also reduced AGE precursors (glyoxal/methylglyoxal), CML (75 %) and CEL (80.6 %) in the baked oysters. Prolonged heating (>10 min) diminished some of these benefits. These data underscored dual optimization of oil type and heating duration, suggesting combining olive oil with ≤10-min baking for balanced sensory, nutritional, and hazardous byproduct inhibition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102557"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Chemistry: XPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102596
Silvana Valdivia , María J. Camus , Tamara Solis , Suleivys Nuñez , Pedro Valencia
{"title":"Equivalent dose methodology for activity-based comparisons of protease performance during byproduct protein hydrolysis","authors":"Silvana Valdivia , María J. Camus , Tamara Solis , Suleivys Nuñez , Pedro Valencia","doi":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experimental methodology to compare the hydrolysis performance of different proteases based on equivalent doses was proposed and validated. The specific activities were quantified via nonlinear fitting of the logarithmic equation to the reaction progress plot. The obtained kinetic constants <em>a</em> were plotted against the protease dose to calculate the specific activities from the slope, resulting in 4214, 1127, 10,277 and 3139 U/g for Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Neutrase and Protamex, respectively. The hydrolysis performances were evaluated using equivalent doses of proteases during the hydrolysis of 50 %(<em>w</em>/w) salmon frame at 50 °C and pH 7.5. Higher degrees of hydrolysis were obtained with Flavourzyme (177 mM and 12 %), whereas greater protein recovery was obtained with Alcalase (55 %). Alcalase was the most cost-efficient protease with 4.3 kg of extracted protein per USD. The presented strategy is an affordable methodology that can be applied to different byproduct-protease systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12334,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry: X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 102596"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}