CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts最新文献

{"title":"Human-Centered Explainable AI (HCXAI): Beyond Opening the Black-Box of AI","authors":"Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Q. Liao, E. A. Watkins, Carina Manger, Hal Daumé Iii, A. Riener, Mark O. Riedl","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3503727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3503727","url":null,"abstract":"Explainability of AI systems is crucial to hold them accountable because they are increasingly becoming consequential in our lives by powering high-stakes decisions in domains like healthcare and law. When it comes to Explainable AI (XAI), understanding who interacts with the black-box of AI is just as important as “opening” it, if not more. Yet the discourse of XAI has been predominantly centered around the black-box, suffering from deficiencies in meeting user needs and exacerbating issues of algorithmic opacity. To address these issues, researchers have called for human-centered approaches to XAI. In this second CHI workshop on Human-centered XAI (HCXAI), we build on the success of the first installment from CHI 2021 to expand the conversation around XAI. We chart the domain and shape the HCXAI discourse with reflective discussions from diverse stakeholders. The goal of the second installment is to go beyond the black box and examine how human-centered perspectives in XAI can be operationalized at the conceptual, methodological, and technical levels. Encouraging holistic (historical, sociological, and technical) approaches, we put an emphasis on “operationalizing”, aiming to produce actionable frameworks, transferable evaluation methods, concrete design guidelines, and articulate a coordinated research agenda for XAI.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122187279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Data-Enabled Design","authors":"P. Lovei, Renee Noortman, M. Funk","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3503749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3503749","url":null,"abstract":"During the Introduction to Data-Enabled Design (DED) course attendees will learn about designing for intelligent ecosystems while using data as a creative material. We will take the course participants through both major steps, contextual and informed, of this method by means of data collected (upfront) from the attendee’s personal context. This course offers a careful balance between hands-on work and DED theory. The learning outcomes focus on topics of (physical) prototyping, (remote) data collection and analysis, using data as a creative material, and designing remote interventions.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126025141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SocialStools: A Playful, Socio-Spatial Interface for Fostering Togetherness Across Strangers","authors":"G. Guo, Gilly Leshed, T. Pinch, K. Green","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3519877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3519877","url":null,"abstract":"Leveraging the human propensity for embodied interaction, SocialStools is a socio-spatial interface that facilitates playful social interactions across strangers in a physical space, fostering togetherness. Three stools on caster wheels generate sound and image around them in response to sitting on them, and moving and rotating relative to each other. In this paper, we identify the challenges of stranger interactions, introduce our cyber-physical system, and describe and demonstrate three interaction situations: sitting, moving closer and away from each other, and rotating to face or turn away from each other. By translating these interactions into visual and auditory effects, we explore the possibilities of merging the socio-physical world with a digital system to create unique social affordances for interpersonal interactions that foster togetherness. Our demonstration transforms three strangers into a trio of sound-and-image makers interacting through creative, embodied play.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114223045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned Building Low-Cost DIY Tactile Graphics and Conducting a Tactile Drawing Club in Colombia During COVID-19","authors":"Maria Fernanda Zuniga-Zabala, J. Gómez","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3503559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3503559","url":null,"abstract":"Perceiving images and drawing are fundamental parts of human life, and thus access to them should be a universal right. However, there is a large breach for people with visual impairments to access diverse graphics, let alone drawing. There are several techniques of tactile graphics, such as swell paper, Braille embossing, and thermoform that help to alleviate this gap. However, in developing countries, the high cost and lack of access make them impractical. In this work, we describe our experience improving access to tactile graphics and drawing in Colombia. We created low-cost, effective and efficient, tactile graphics and drawing techniques that improve on current solutions. These techniques were created from the best practices of two projects adapting pieces from the Colombian art heritage [52, 53] for blind and visually impaired people. They were then applied to a third project: running a virtual tactile drawing club with blind and visually impaired participants in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic. The lessons learned from these experiences are presented in this paper with the hope they can help the community democratize access to tactile graphics.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121082304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards fair and pro-social employment of digital pieceworkers for sourcing machine learning training data","authors":"Annabel Rothschild, J. Booker, Christa Davoll, Jessica Hill, Venise Ivey, C. Disalvo, B. Shapiro, Betsy Disalvo","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3516384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3516384","url":null,"abstract":"while there are bad actors, the distributed nature of the platforms may cause requesters to appear to enact these malpractices out of misunder-standing more than malintent. For this purpose, we propose a cover sheet describing precise hiring and employment practices of academic 1 collaborators (or “crowd collaborators” ) engaged through crowd-working platforms. The cover sheet is to be submitted with the publication of the resulting work by researchers in academic venues. The design of the cover sheet is inspired by the Datasets for Datasheets project [13], to be required by academic venues accepting the results of crowd collaborator labor, namely machine learning training datasets. As Hießl argues, crowd collaborators do not have traditional employment contracts to rely on and that a new form of contract must be developed to address the complexity of digital piecework [16]; we present this cover sheet as a frst step in that direction. By surfacing this information at the institutional level we hope to 1) inform requesters of the best practices if they are unaware, and 2) certify respectful treatment of crowd collaborators, especially given the calls to substitute digital piecework for jobs lost in the face automation [20, 29]. Our intervention centers academic requesters for two reasons. First, we choose to highlight the role of requesters in these platforms as the power balance is inevitably shifted away from those performing the labor to those providing it, due to the oversupply of ABSTRACT This pieceworkers (\"crowd collaborators\") by reforming the handling of crowd-sourced labor in academic venues. With the rise in automation, crowd collaborators treatment requires special consideration, as the system often dehumanizes crowd collaborators as components of the “crowd” [41]. Building of eforts to (proxy-)unionize crowd workers and facilitate employment protections on digital piecework platforms, we focus on employers: academic requesters sourcing machine learning (ML) training data. We propose a cover sheet to accompany submission of work that engages crowd collaborators for sourcing (or labeling) ML training data. The guidelines are based on existing calls from worker organizations (e.g., Dynamo [28]); professional data workers in an alternative digital piecework organization; and lived experience as requesters and workers on digital piecework platforms. We seek feedback on the cover sheet from the ACM community. work contributes to just and pro-social treatment of digital","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115287946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are You Tired? I am: Trying to Understand Privacy Fatigue of Social Media Users","authors":"Han Shao, Xiang Li, G. Wang","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3519778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3519778","url":null,"abstract":"Privacy fatigue is a new perspective to explain the discrepancy between individual attitude and behavior, i.e., privacy paradox. Fatigued users are powerless about privacy decisions, and thus ”forced to accept” or ”regardless of it”. In order to understand social media users’ privacy fatigue comprehensively, we use China’s mainstream social media Weibo as the background to conduct experiments on 428 users. Specifically, we propose and verify the perceived antecedents and behavioral consequences of the privacy fatigue model based on the Stimulus Organism Response (S-O-R) theory, taking personality traits as the moderating factor. Based on collectivist culture, the study provides complementary evidence to existing research on cultural factors. We hope it will enrich the privacy fatigue theory, helping researchers and service providers pay attention to users’ potential fatigue and implement usable privacy design in real systems to alleviate privacy fatigue.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123779837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Students’ Social and Emotional Learning in Educational Virtual Heritage through Projective Augmented Reality","authors":"Marie-Monique Schaper, N. Parés","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3503551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3503551","url":null,"abstract":"The global agenda in education foresees the integration of social and emotional learning to equip students to succeed in our evolving digital society. In this paper, we focus on deepening into the research on AR/MR technologies to foster students’ comprehension of socio-cultural values in historical contexts. We address this challenge by exploring the potential of the interaction paradigm called World-as-Support (WaS). We present a case study of an educational Virtual Heritage experience with primary students for a bomb shelter built during the Spanish Civil War. Our findings showed that the experience enhanced students’ capabilities to reflect upon high-level issues related to value human dignity, to grasp some of the essential qualities of the value solidarity and to connect historical events with present political situations in Spain. Finally, we discuss four design recommendations for learning activities based on the WaS concerning (1) the enhancement of students’ competences in collaboration, and communication; (2) critical thinking; (3) contextualization of historical contents; and (4) moral and ethical considerations for digital augmentation.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"17 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113958026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HCI Across Borders: Navigating Shifting Borders at CHI","authors":"V. Cannanure, Naveena Karusala, Cuauhtémoc Rivera-Loaiza, A. Prabhakar, R. Varanasi, A. Tuli, Dilrukshi Gamage, Faria Noor, David Nemer, Dipto Das, S. Dray, C. Sturm, Neha Kumar","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3503706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3503706","url":null,"abstract":"Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) research has led to major innovations used by large and diverse audiences in different parts of the world. However, a recent meta-analysis [25] found that research at CHI is still highly (73%) concentrated in western contexts. HCI Across Borders (HCIxB) has gathered a diverse audience by conducting workshops and symposia since CHI 2016, aiming to expand borders within CHI. For CHI 2022, we expect to regroup for a virtual workshop to reflect on shifting boundaries from CHI’s past and emerging challenges in HCI research, education, and practice in recent years.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121861502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mine Yourself!: A Role-playing Privacy Tutorial in Virtual Reality Environment","authors":"Junsu Lim, Hyeonggeun Yun, Auejin Ham, Sunjun Kim","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3519773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3519773","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual Reality (VR) has potential vulnerabilities in privacy risks from collecting a wide range of data with higher density. Various designs to provide information on Privacy Policy (PP) have improved the awareness and motivation towards privacy risks. However, most of them have focused on desktop environments, not utilizing the full potential of VR’s immersive interactivity. Therefore, we proposed a role-playing mechanism to provide an immersive experience of interacting with PP’s key entities. First, our formative study found insights for PP where VR users had limited awareness of what data to be collected and how to control them. Following this, we implemented a VR privacy tutorial based on our role-playing mechanism and PP from off-the-shelf VR devices. Our privacy tutorial increased a similar amount of privacy awareness with significantly higher satisfaction (p=0.007) than conventional PP. Our tutorial also showed marginally higher usability (p=0.11).","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127566296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine In The Middle: Exploring Dark Patterns of Emotional Human-Computer Integration Through Media Art","authors":"R. Dickinson, N. Semertzidis, F. Mueller","doi":"10.1145/3491101.3503555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3503555","url":null,"abstract":"As our relationship with machines becomes evermore intimate, we observe increasing efforts in the quantification of human emotion, which has historically generated unintended consequences. We acknowledge an amplification of this trend through recent technological developments that aim toward human-computer integration, and explore the dark patterns that may arise for integrating emotions with machinic processes through “machine_in_the_middle”. Machine_in_the_middle is an interactive system in which a participant wears an electroencephalographic headset, and their neural activity is analysed to ascertain an approximation of their emotional state. Using electrical muscle stimulation their face is animated into an expression that corresponds with the output of the emotional recognition system. Through our work, we contribute the insight of three possible dark patterns that might emerge from emotional integration, including: reductionism of human emotion, disruptions of agency, and parasitic symbiosis. We hope that these insights inspire researchers and practitioners to approach human-computer integration more cautiously.","PeriodicalId":123301,"journal":{"name":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132749773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}