Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2543809
Sun Bean Kim, Suneth Agampodi, Tarun Saluja, Sushant Sahastrabuddhe, Hee Soo Kim, Jerome H Kim, Julia A Lynch
{"title":"Hepatitis E vaccine landscape update 2025.","authors":"Sun Bean Kim, Suneth Agampodi, Tarun Saluja, Sushant Sahastrabuddhe, Hee Soo Kim, Jerome H Kim, Julia A Lynch","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2543809","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2543809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a significant public health concern, particularly in resource-limited and conflict-affected settings. While often self-limiting, HEV infection poses severe risks for pregnant women contracted with genotype 1 or 2, leading to high maternal mortality, and can cause chronic infection in immunocompromised individuals.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review examines the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and vaccine landscape of HEV, highlighting licensed and investigational candidates. We discuss HEV 239 vaccine the only licensed HEV vaccine which has shown high efficacy and cross-genotype protection, leading to approval in China and Pakistan. However, data gaps remain regarding its safety in pregnant women, children, and immunocompromised populations. WHO prequalification is needed for broader global access. We also review the current status of HEV vaccine development, and explore challenges, opportunities, and global policies, including efforts to improve outbreak response in high-risk settings.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>HEV vaccines are essential for disease control, but unresolved issues limit broader use. Conflicting data on miscarriage risk require further investigation. Ongoing trials in Pakistan and South Africa will offer key data on safety in pregnancy, immunogenicity in children, and use in people with HIV. WHO prequalification of HEV 239 vaccine is critical to expand access globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2539892
Ru Han, Jorge A Gomez, Nancy Bellei, Otavio Cintra, Bruna M G de Veras, Desirée van Oorschot, Adriana Guzman-Holst
{"title":"Public health impact of the adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older: results from a modeling study in six Latin American countries.","authors":"Ru Han, Jorge A Gomez, Nancy Bellei, Otavio Cintra, Bruna M G de Veras, Desirée van Oorschot, Adriana Guzman-Holst","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2539892","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2539892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause acute respiratory infection (ARI) and severe symptoms in older adults. The adjuvanted RSV prefusion F protein vaccine (adjuvanted RSVPreF3) offers protection to adults against RSV ARI and RSV lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD). We modeled the RSV burden and the public health impact of RSV vaccination in adults ≥60 years in six Latin American countries.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A Markov model was adapted to the settings of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Panama. RSV ARI cases, hospitalizations, pneumonia cases, and deaths related to LRTD episodes were computed over a 5-year time horizon. Benefits of vaccination were calculated through incremental differences for coverage rates of 30% and 70% versus no vaccination. Uncertainty in key inputs was explored using one-way sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among adults ≥60 years, 22.3 million RSV ARI cases, ~936,000 RSV LRTD hospitalizations, ~862,000 pneumonia, and ~89,000 deaths were projected across the six countries, over 5 years. Assuming a 30% coverage, adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccination would prevent 2.6 million RSV ARI cases, 140,138 hospitalizations, 128,996 pneumonia cases, and 13,315 deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed a substantial burden of RSV in Latin America that could be greatly alleviated through adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccination of adults ≥60 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"750-758"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2554689
Keya Joshi, Aaron Situ, Wei-Jhih Wang, Mihaela Georgieva, Nicolas van de Velde, Ekkehard Beck
{"title":"Letter to the Editor: comparative effectiveness of omicron XBB 1.5-adapted COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Keya Joshi, Aaron Situ, Wei-Jhih Wang, Mihaela Georgieva, Nicolas van de Velde, Ekkehard Beck","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2554689","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2554689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"870-872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patterns of co-administration and sequential administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations: a US study using Adheris pharmacy dataset.","authors":"Alon Yehoshua, Tianyan Hu, Taryn Pond, Jingyan Yang, Verna Welch, Constantina Boikos, Sen Deng, Hao Zheng, Poorva Sardana, Neha Agrawal, Manvi Sharma","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2505766","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2505766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study assessed monthly patterns of co-administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines at visit level and quantified the number and proportion of adults who received both vaccines on the same day or sequentially.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>This retrospective study utilized the Adheris pharmacy dataset and included adults aged ≥ 19 years with a record of ≥ 1 dose of COVID-19 or influenza vaccines between August 2022 and December 2023. Administration of both vaccines on the same day was defined as co-administration, and administration of vaccines within 1-180 days was referred to as sequential administration. Descriptive analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 31.5 million visits with either COVID-19 or influenza vaccines, 5.8 million (18.5%) involved co-administration. Co-administration visits were higher between September and November compared to other months, rising to 1.5 million in October 2023. Among 7.9 million adults with both vaccines, 65.8% had same day administration, while 34.2% had sequential administration. 60.7% of adults with sequential administration received the vaccines within 1-30 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>About one in five COVID-19 or influenza vaccinations involved co-administration. The majority of sequential administrations happened within 30 days, highlighting missed opportunities for co-administration. These findings suggest substantial potential to improve uptake of both vaccines through co-administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"433-443"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research progress on immune mechanism and control strategy of dsRNA impurities in mRNA vaccine.","authors":"Xinjun Liu, Chaoying Hu, Qian He, Yu Bai, Xuanxuan Zhang, Zhihao Fu, Xiao Ma, Miao Xu, Zhenglun Liang, Qunying Mao","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2510335","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2510335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a key impurity of mRNA vaccines prepared by in vitro transcription (IVT) and is primarily transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase. It can trigger innate immunity and induce a series of side effects that may influence the safety of mRNA vaccines.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This manuscript summarizes dsRNA generation mechanisms and immunity activation and analyzes the current challenges in dsRNA detection and control strategies. Regulatory standards for dsRNA impurities in mRNA vaccines have also been discussed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>dsRNA as a critical quality attribute (CQA), the structural heterogeneity of it (including length and structure) and its precise immunomodulatory mechanisms affecting vaccine safety are poorly understood. Regulatory authorities have not released specific standards for dsRNA. Additionally, there is a lack of comparative analysis data on different corporate testing methods. Therefore, to ensure the safety of dsRNA containing mRNA vaccines and improve mRNA-based platforms, it is of great significance to establish standardized detection methods and standards for dsRNA; to design mRNA production with low dsRNA impurities by adopting the quality by design (QbD) approach; and to evaluate the immune stimulation mechanism of dsRNA impurities in mRNA vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"457-469"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-05-09DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2499728
Gaëtan Gavazzi, Bertrand Fougère, Olivier Hanon, Isabel Leroux-Roels, Etienne Brochot, Elodie Blanchard, Colin A Russell, Marc Paccalin, Tino F Schwarz
{"title":"Enhanced influenza vaccination for older adults in Europe: a review of the current situation and expert recommendations for the future.","authors":"Gaëtan Gavazzi, Bertrand Fougère, Olivier Hanon, Isabel Leroux-Roels, Etienne Brochot, Elodie Blanchard, Colin A Russell, Marc Paccalin, Tino F Schwarz","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2499728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2025.2499728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Influenza causes considerable morbidity and mortality in Europe, particularly among older adults due to comorbidities, as well as immunosenescence and inflammaging, which contribute to a diminished immune response. Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent poor outcomes; however, uptake is suboptimal and many countries recommend standard vaccines despite evidence supporting better protection with enhanced (adjuvanted and high-dose) vaccines.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>A multidisciplinary group of experts reviewed the burden of influenza in Europe and evaluated data on enhanced vaccines, providing recommendations for their use in older adults. The group discussed barriers to vaccination and strategies to increase uptake.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Improving protection of older adults against influenza relies upon increasing vaccine uptake and ensuring access to vaccines that overcome age-related immunological decline. Achieving higher uptake requires national policies that facilitate equitable access and clear communication about vaccine eligibility. Based on available evidence, enhanced vaccines offer better protection than standard vaccines against hospitalization and complications in older adults. National recommendations should prioritize the use of enhanced influenza vaccines over standard vaccines in older adults. Limitations to interpretation of evidence include discrepancies in reporting of influenza-related medical encounters and underreporting of influenza-related complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":"24 1","pages":"350-364"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2459751
Richard Voellmy, David C Bloom, Nuria Vilaboa
{"title":"Regulated microbe vaccines: from concept to (pre-clinical) reduction to practice.","authors":"Richard Voellmy, David C Bloom, Nuria Vilaboa","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2459751","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2459751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vaccines to prevent important infections involving, e.g. influenza viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome-causing coronaviruses (e.g. SARS-CoV-2), respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV), and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) have remained insufficiently effective or are not available at all. Regulated microbes constitute novel vaccine platforms that may be employed for the development of more potent and/or more broadly effective vaccines.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We review the development and characterization of the vaccine potential of replication-competent controlled herpesviruses (RCCVs) which represent the first examples of regulated microbes used as vaccines.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The RCCVs developed to date are suitable for application to the skin and can be activated deliberately to replicate efficiently, but only transiently, in the administration site. Without activation, the RCCVs are incapable of replicating in the nervous system and elsewhere. The RCCVs were found to induce potent anti-herpetic immune responses in mice. Vaccination with RCCVs expressing an influenza virus hemagglutinin broadly protected animals against lethal influenza virus challenges. This protection appeared to be at least in part antibody-mediated. These findings support a rational expectation that RCCVs may be developed into universal, non-seasonal vaccines against influenza and, possibly, against other rapidly evolving pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2487542
Nhan Thi Ho, Igor Smolenov, Ly Thi Le Tran, Van Thu Nguyen, Van Thanh Ta, Thuong Vu Nguyen, Hung Ngoc Pham, Anh Thi Van Pham, Quang Chan Luong, Men Van Chu, Mai Thi Ngoc Dang, Toan Trong Nguyen, Vy Thi Tuong Le, Quang Vinh Trinh, Thang Van Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Nguyen, Ha Thai Pham, Giang Duc Dao, Carmen Baccarini, Ekpeno Nnah, Alia Hawkes, Suezanne Parker, Carole Verhoeven, Judd L Walson, Xuan-Hung Nguyen
{"title":"Safety profile of self-amplifying mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ARCT-154 in adults: a pooled phase 1/2/3 randomized clinical study.","authors":"Nhan Thi Ho, Igor Smolenov, Ly Thi Le Tran, Van Thu Nguyen, Van Thanh Ta, Thuong Vu Nguyen, Hung Ngoc Pham, Anh Thi Van Pham, Quang Chan Luong, Men Van Chu, Mai Thi Ngoc Dang, Toan Trong Nguyen, Vy Thi Tuong Le, Quang Vinh Trinh, Thang Van Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Nguyen, Ha Thai Pham, Giang Duc Dao, Carmen Baccarini, Ekpeno Nnah, Alia Hawkes, Suezanne Parker, Carole Verhoeven, Judd L Walson, Xuan-Hung Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2487542","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2487542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Public health concerns due to ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants necessitates further development of improved COVID-19 vaccines. One major innovation are self-amplifying mRNA vaccines, such as ARCT-154 (Arcturus Therapeutics, Inc.), which induces superior immunogenicity compared with conventional mRNA in terms of magnitude, breadth and persistence of neutralizing antibodies.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>In a pivotal placebo-controlled trial in Vietnam combining phase 1, 2 and 3 cohorts, over 17,000 adults received at least one dose of ARCT-154. Here, we report the safety and reactogenicity observations made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ARCT-154 elicited more local reactions than the saline placebo, most reports of injection site pain were mild/moderate with only a few reporting severe pain. Most frequent solicited adverse events were fatigue, myalgia, headache, arthralgia and chills. Solicited local and systemic reactogenicity resolved within 7 days. Long-term follow-up has not revealed any safety concerns, with no reports of myocarditis or pericarditis. Acceptable tolerability of ARCT-154 was also observed in older participants and in those liable to severe consequences of COVID-19 due to underlying medical conditions. No serious consequences occurred in several pregnancies reported after vaccination, with normal outcomes when followed to term.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data from this large trial suggest that ARCT-154 is safe and well tolerated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"299-312"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunogenicity and safety of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine (CHO cell) LYB001 as a heterologous booster following two- or three-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in adults aged ≥18 years: interim results of a randomized, active-controlled, double-blinded, phase 3 trial.","authors":"Bei-Fang Yang, Jing Jin, Xi-Ran He, Zhong-Hua Yang, Xiao'ai Qian, Ye-Qing Tong, Chang-Xian Ke, Zhao-Hong Li, Zhao-Xia Li, Lin-Feng Zhong, Ze-Hong Gan, Xian-Feng Zhang, Ying Zeng","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2446288","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2446288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>LYB001 is a recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccine displaying a receptor-binding domain (RBD) in a highly immunogenic array on virus-like particles (VLPs). This study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of LYB001 as a booster.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>In this randomized, active-controlled, double-blinded, phase 3 trial, participants aged ≥ 18 years received a booster with LYB001 or ZF2001 (Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine). The primary endpoint was to compare the geometric mean titer (GMT) of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron BA.4/5 at 14 days after the booster.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1,200 participants aged ≥ 18 years were enrolled, 599 received LYB001, and 601 received ZF2001. Based on similar baseline level, the 14-day GMT ratio (LYB001/ZF2001) against Omicron BA.4/5 was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.25, 1.56), demonstrating superiority (95% CI lower limit > 1) of LYB001. The spike protein-binding IgG concentrations induced by LYB001 were significantly higher than those induced by ZF2001 on day 14 and day 28 after the booster (<i>p</i>-value <0.0001). LYB001 recipients reported more adverse reactions than ZF2001 recipients (21.4% vs. 15.0%); however, all adverse reactions in the LYB001 group were mild-to-moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LYB001 is highly immunogenic and retains a well-characterized safety profile in adults aged ≥ 18 years.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier is NCT05664932.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"81-90"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-03-08DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2476535
Jon Kim Andrus, David N Durrheim
{"title":"A journey worth taking: global eradication of measles, rubella and congenital rubella syndrome.","authors":"Jon Kim Andrus, David N Durrheim","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2476535","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2476535","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"173-174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}