Folia histochemica et cytobiologica最新文献

{"title":"Does repeated gold-nanoparticles administration affect pars distalis hormonal and folliculo-stellate cells in adult male albino rats?","authors":"Abeer Ibraheem Omar, Samaa Samir Kamar","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0010","DOIUrl":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Worldwide, nanoparticles especially gold-nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are widely used in medicine, cancer treatment and cosmetic industry. They are easily conjugated with different biomedical and biological agents and effortlessly absorbed with few side effects. The pars distalis of the pituitary gland is considered as the maestro of the endocrine peripheral glands since it secrets trophic hormones that controls their functions. 5-10% of the non-granular pars distalis cells are folliculo-stellate cells (FSCs) that support the granular cells' functions. The aim of the study was to explore the histological and the biochemical effects of repeated exposure to Au-NPs on the pars distalis in adult male albino rats with highlighting the impact on FSCs.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Thirty-six adult male albino rats were divided equally into control group and Au-NPs group (received 40 μg/kg/day of 11 ± 2 nm spherical Au-NPs orally for 2 weeks). Then, rats were euthanized and deposition of Au-NPs in pars distalis was investigated. Biochemical investigations and histological studies including hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff's reaction, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for S-100, connexin 43 (Cx43) and Cytochrome-C (Cyt-C) as well as electron-microscopic and morphometric studies were carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Au-NPs group demonstrated structural disorganization in the pars distalis, inflammation, congestion and increased extracellular PAS-positive colloid deposition due to the accumulation of Au-NPs. A significant increase in the immunoreactivity of S-100, Cx43 and Cyt-c, along with a significant increase in TNF-a, MDA, and bFGF content in the pituitary homogenates, was noted as compared to the control group. Ultrastructurally, degenerative changes were observed in the secretory cells. FSCs showed proliferation and increased phagocytic activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Repetitive exposure of adult male albino rats to Au-NPs prompted the accumulation of these nanoparticles in the pars distalis that was accompanied by cellular degeneration and dysfunction of the secretory cell and proliferation of FSCs. Thus, monitoring of the pars distalis hormonal levels might be useful for early detection of some hazardous effects possibly associated with the use of gold-nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 2","pages":"95-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38812100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SDF-1/CXCR4 axis promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.","authors":"Wen Xiong,&nbsp;Xin Guo,&nbsp;Xianhua Cai","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and activation of its receptor, chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and the key signaling mechanisms involved in these effects.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>BMSCs were treated with 100 μg/L SDF-1 and cultured in osteogenic medium for 7 days. RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to detect the protein and mRNA levels of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin (OCN). Alizarin-red staining was used to detect the mineralization-inducing ability of the cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After BMSCs were treated with SDF-1, the levels of JAK2 mRNA, STAT3 mRNA, and protein phosphorylation increased, the number of mineralized nodules of BMSCs increased, and the osteogenic-differentiation ability was enhanced. In addition, after BMSCs were treated with an inhibitor of JAK2 phosphorylation, the levels of JAK2, STAT3, Runx2, and OCN decreased significantly, the number of mineralized nodules of BMSCs also decreased, and the osteogenic-differentiation ability decreased. The inhibition of CXCR4-treated BMSCs further confirmed that SDF-1/CXCR4 activated JAK2/STAT3 to regulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SDF-1/CXCR4 promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through JAK2/STAT3 activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 3","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39464027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of circulating regulatory T lymphocytes with membrane markers - a new multiparameter flow cytometry protocol.","authors":"Agnieszka Piekarska,&nbsp;Michaël Pérès,&nbsp;Magdalena Toton,&nbsp;Malgorzata Kulczycka,&nbsp;Krzysztof Lewandowski,&nbsp;François Vergez","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a unique CD4+ T cell subset involved in the regulation of immune responses. The traditional immunophenotype used to define Tregs includes CD4+CD25high and the expression of the transcription factor Forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3). A complex technique of intracellular staining, transient upregulation of FoxP3 in activated conventional T lymphocytes (Tcons), and the omission of naïve CD45RA+ Tregs with downregulated FoxP3 activity but a demethylated FOXP3 promoter region may lead to inaccurate quantification. In an attempt to meet the need for a reliable and simplified enumeration strategy, we investigated different membrane markers to capture the entire Treg compartment and to identify subpopulations of Tregs.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Analyses were performed on whole blood. Tested gating strategies were based on the expression of the following membrane antigens: CD45, CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, CD26, CD6, CD39, CD71, HLA-DR, CD45RA and CD31. Double controls with FoxP3 were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final enumeration panel consisted of the membrane markers CD45, CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, CD26, CD39, CD45RA and CD31. A deep analysis of T cells with the CD4+CD25+CD127low/-CD26low/-CD45RAimmunophenotype revealed high expression of FoxP3 and/or CD39, while cells with the naïve immunophenotype, CD4+CD25+CD127low/-CD26low/-CD45RA+, presented lower expression of suppressor markers. Antigen CD31 is considered to be a valuable membrane marker of thymus-derived Tregs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presented 9-color panel that can be easily applied in laboratories enables reliable enumeration of Tregs with additional information about the functionality, maturity and origin of T regulatory cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 2","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39068635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LINC00839/miR-519d-3p/JMJD6 axis modulated cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasiveness of lung cancer cells.","authors":"Xiaoyan Yu,&nbsp;Yifei Jiang,&nbsp;Xun Hu,&nbsp;Xiang Ge","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Long noncoding RNAs are associated with progressions of lung cancer. LINC00839 has been dysregulated in osteosarcoma, breast cancer and lung cancer (LC). As an upregulated lncRNA, the roles of LINC00839 in lung cancer remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>RNA expressions of LINC00839, miR-519d-3p and JMJD6 were assessed using RT-qPCR and JMJD6 protein expression were analyzed through Western blot. Meanwhile, viabilities of A549 and H460 LC cells transfected by siNC, siLINC00839, oeNC, oeLINC00839, NC mimics, miR-519d-3p mimics and oeLINC00839 with siJMJD6 were examined with CCK-8 assay while apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry. Meanwhile, migration and invasiveness were analyzed using transwell assays. Bindings between LINC00839 and miR-519d-3p, miR-519d-3p and JMJD6 were measured by luciferase reporter assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LINC00839 was upregulated in LC cells and its knockdown resulted in reduced cell viability, migratory ability and invasion with increased cell apoptosis. MiR-519d-3p was the target gene of LINC00839 and its expression was reduced by LINC00839 overexpression. JMJD6 was directly targeted and suppressed at the level of mRNA and protein expression by miR-519d-3p. Moreover, miR-519d-3p overexpression resulted in low LC cell viability, migration, invasiveness but a high apoptosis rate. Furthermore, mRNA and protein expressions of JMJD6 were upregulated by LINC00839 overexpression. LINC00839 competitively sponged miR-519d-3p, increasing JMJD6 expression, LC cell viability, invasion, migratory abilities and decreasing apoptosis rates in A549 and H460 lung cancer cells, which were hindered after JMJD6 knockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LINC00839/miR-519d-3p/JMJD6 axis mediated cell viability, apoptosis, and migration and invasiveness of H460 lung cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 4","pages":"271-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39589360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between calcification, atherosclerosis and matrix proteins in the human aorta.","authors":"Aleksandra Kuzan,&nbsp;Jerzy Wisniewski,&nbsp;Krzysztof Maksymowicz,&nbsp;Magdalena Kobielarz,&nbsp;Andrzej Gamian,&nbsp;Agnieszka Chwilkowska","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins have been associated with atherosclerotic complications, such as plaque rupture, calcification and aneurysm. It is not clear what role different types of collagen play in the pathomechanism of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to analyze the content of elastin and major types of collagen in the aortic wall and how they associated are with course of atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this work we present six biochemical parameters related to ECM proteins and collagen-specific amino acids (collagen type I, III, and IV, elastin, proline and hydroxyproline) analyzed in 106 patients' aortic wall specimens characterized by different degree of atherosclerosis. Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS), ELISA and immunohistochemical methods were used. The severity of atherosclerosis was assessed on the six-point scale of the American Heart Association, taking into account the number and location of foam cells, the presence of a fatty core, calcium deposits and other characteristic atherosclerotic features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that there is a relationship between the content of collagen-specific amino acids and development of atherosclerosis. The degree of atherosclerotic lesions was negatively correlated with the content of proline, hydroxyproline and the ratio of these two amino acids. Calcium deposits and surrounding tissue were compared and it was demonstrated that the ratio of type I collagen to type III collagen was higher in the aortic tissue than in aortic calcification areas, while the ratio of collagen type III to elastin was smaller in the artery than in the calcium deposits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We suggest that increase in collagen type III presence in the calcification matrix may stem from disorders in the structure of the type I and III collagen fibers. These anomalous fibers are likely to favor accumulation of the calcium salts, an important feature of the process of atheromatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 1","pages":"8-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25347930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional activation and regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator inducted by LPS through MyD88 independent pathway in rat Sertoli cells.","authors":"Yan Liu,&nbsp;Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Zhe Xiong,&nbsp;Yuanxiao Yi,&nbsp;Chengliang Xiong,&nbsp;Donghui Huang,&nbsp;Hu Zhao","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) is a serine protease and it also demonstrates proinflammatory properties. We thus hypothesized that uPA is involved in immunity of Sertoli cells in the rat testis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The uPA gene(PLAU) promoter was cloned by RT-PCR and the transcriptional activation of core domain was screened by using Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. The Sertoli cells were harvested from 20-day-old Sprague-Dawley male rats and total RNA was isolated. The uPA mRNA levels and MyD88 pathway were tested by qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We successfully cloned the 1517-bp rat uPA gene and screened the core domain (-455/+40) in five different fragments of uPA promoter. The uPA expression and uPA promoter activity were upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Sertoli cells. Furthermore, the uPA expression was regulated through the MyD88-independent pathway by interdicting IRF3 and interferon b.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>uPA expression is likely induced by LPS through the core promoter domain of uPA. This finding implied that uPA played a role in the immune function of Sertoli cells in rat testis, which might provide the development of new treatments for male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 4","pages":"236-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39683221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroanatomical distribution of the enkephalinergic and tachykininergic systems in the alpaca brainstem: an immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Pablo Sánchez,&nbsp;Manuel Lisardo Sánchez,&nbsp;Arturo Mangas,&nbsp;Eliana de Souza,&nbsp;Luis Angel Aguilar,&nbsp;Rafael Coveñas","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A recent study has shown a close neuroanatomical relationship between the enkephalinergic (methionine-enkephalin) and tachykininergic (substance P) systems in the alpaca diencephalon. In this study, our aim is to show this relationship in the alpaca brainstem.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Using an immunohistochemical technique, the distribution of immunoreactive (Ir) fibers and cell bodies containing substance P (SP) or methionine-enkephalin (MET) has been studied in the alpaca brainstem. Five adult males were used; brain tissue was fixed and processed by standard methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SP- and MET-Ir fibers showed a widespread and similar distribution in the mesencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata. The co-localization of fibers containing SP or MET was found in most of the nuclei/tracts of the alpaca brainstem. This close neuroanatomical relationship suggests multiple physiological interactions between both neuropeptides. The distribution of the cell bodies containing SP was very restricted (cell bodies were only observed in a few nuclei located in the mesencephalon and medulla oblongata), whereas MET-Ir perikarya showed a moderately widespread distribution in the mesencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study increases the knowledge on the neuroanatomical distribution/relationship of the tachykininergic (SP) and enkephalinergic (MET) systems in the alpaca central nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 3","pages":"145-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39224173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and neurochemical characteristic of the cardiac nerve structures in the heart of chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina).","authors":"Malgorzata Radzimirska,&nbsp;Jacek Kuchinka,&nbsp;Tadeusz Kuder,&nbsp;Elzbieta Nowak,&nbsp;Wojciech Trybus,&nbsp;Grzegorz Wrobel,&nbsp;Aleksander Szczurkowski","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The heart innervation is made up of plexo-ganglionic formation containing sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory components. We examined the distribution and neurochemical coding of the ganglia and nerve fibers in the chinchilla's heart.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The heart sections of 10 male and 10 female adult chinchillas were processed in accordance with the thiocholine method for acetylcholine esterase (AChE), and the SPG method for detecting the presence of adrenergic fibers was applied. The routine technique of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with primary antibodies directed against ChAT, VAChT, DbH, TH, CART, NPY, VIP, GAL and SOM was used. The secondary antibodies were conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 and Alexa Fluor 555 fluorophores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The epicardium contained ganglia and nerve fibers, the myocardium had a few ganglion neurocytes and nerve fibers, and the endocardium contained only nerve fibers. In the epicardium, AChE-positive fibers were more prevalent than SPG-positive fibers. All the ganglion cells were immunopositive for ChAT and VAChT. Some cells also had a positive reaction to DbH and TH. Fibers containing cholinergic and adrenergic markers were numerous, while many of them were ChAT/DbH- and VAChT/TH-positive. CART/NPY and CART/VIP, as well as CART and GAL, were observed to be colocalized in ganglion neurocytes, as well as in individual cells. The nerve fibers were found to contain all the neurotransmitters we tested for, as well as the following co-occurrences: ChAT/DbH, VAChT/TH, CART/NPY, CART/VIP, CART/GAL, and CART/SOM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis of the neurochemical profile of the nerve structures in chinchilla's heart showed that, despite interspecies differences, the general pattern of the distribution of autonomic nervous system structures is similar to that of other mammals' species, including humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 3","pages":"157-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39464553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the pathogenesis of cardiac papillary fibroelastomas.","authors":"Natalia Matysiak,&nbsp;Lukasz Mielanczyk,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kaczmarek,&nbsp;Malgorzata Zaba,&nbsp;Edyta Reichman-Warmusz,&nbsp;Romuald Wojnicz","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas (CPFs) are rare benign cardiac tumors typically found on the heart valves. The previously published data on the CPF focused on its clinical presentation, optimal management, and prognosis. However, histogenesis of these lesions remains controversial. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to establish the role of endocardial endothelium (EE) in CPF formation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four CPF tumors removed from the right atrioventricular valves were analyzed using hematoxylin & eosin, orcein, and Masson trichrome staining together with immunochemistry for CD-34, CD-68, vimentin, vWF and a-SMA. Moreover, conventional transmission electron microscopy was used for morphological analysis and a-SMA presence confirmation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultrastructural morphology, immunohisto- and immunocytochemical analyses indicated that cells covering collagenous core have an endothelial origin. Some endocardial endothelium cells have the potential to undergo a transition to mesenchymal cells. Moreover, the abundant presence of extracellular vesicles may indicate an active intercellular communication. Within the intermediate translucent zone, amorphous substances with monocytes/macrophage-like cells and fibroblastic cells were found. Finally, within collagenous core activated (myo)fibroblasts were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that the endocardial endothelium of the CPF was \"double-sided\", i.e., it presented both endothelial and mesenchymal cell characteristics. Another finding was the presence of monocytes, and macrophages which were integrated into CPF core and displayed features of a fibroblast that have been shown to contribute to extracellular matrix production. This could be interpreted as being attributed to the CPF histogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 4","pages":"212-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39956105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Golgi a-mannosidase II mediates the formation of vascular smooth muscle foam cells under inflammatory stress.","authors":"Kelan Zha,&nbsp;Qiang Ye","doi":"10.5603/FHC.a2021.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2021.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)-based foam cell formation is a crucial factor in the atherosclerosis process. We aimed to explore the mechanism of Golgi a-mannosidase II (GMII) effects on the VSMCs-based foam cell formation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>VSMCs were exposed to different concentrations of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and/or GMII inhibitor (swainsonine). The qRT-PCR and western blot were used for expression analysis. Oil Red O staining was used to verify changes of lipid droplets in VSMCs. The translocation of the SCAP from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi was detected by immunofluorescence (IF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LPS disrupted the LDLs-mediated regulation of LDL receptor (LDLr) and increased intracellular cholesterol ester, which was inversely inhibited by swainsonine. The activity of a-mannosidase II and GMII expression were decreased by LDLs but increased by the addition of LPS. Conversely, LPS-induced enhancement was reversed by swainsonine. Additionally, swainsonine reversed the LPS-induced increase of intracellular lipid droplets in the presence of LDLs. Expression analysis demonstrated that LDLr, SCAP, and SREBP2 were up-regulated by LPS, but reversed by swainsonine in LDLs-treated cells. IF staining revealed that swainsonine inhibited the translocation of SCAP to Golgi under inflammatory stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, swainsonine restrained LDLr expression to suppress the formation of VSMCs-based foam cells by reducing SREBP2 and SCAP under inflammatory stress conditions, suggesting that GMII contributes to the formation of VSMCs-based foam cells under inflammatory stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12322,"journal":{"name":"Folia histochemica et cytobiologica","volume":"59 2","pages":"134-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39258152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}