Cindy Bandala, Donaciano Flores-Robles, Pavel Sierra-Martínez, Alejandro Millán-Vega, Eunice Ruíz González, Martin Perez-Santos
{"title":"Trispecific anti-CD3/BCMA/CD38 antibodies for multiple myeloma: a patent evaluation of US20240132615.","authors":"Cindy Bandala, Donaciano Flores-Robles, Pavel Sierra-Martínez, Alejandro Millán-Vega, Eunice Ruíz González, Martin Perez-Santos","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2423018","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2423018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>CD38 and BCMA are proteins expressed at high levels in multiple myeloma cells, so they are targets for the development of mono- or multispecific antibodies.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Patent US20240132615 describes anti-CD3/BCMA/CD38 trispecific antibodies and a method of treating relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma pharmaceutically. <i>In vitro</i> and preclinical results show that anti-CD3/BCMA/CD38 trispecific antibodies have stronger binding affinity and killing potency compared to daratumumab, isatuximab, and teclistamab antibodies.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The trispecific structure and a silenced Fc are pharmaceutical advantages of the anti-CD3/BCMA/CD38 antibody for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"A patent review on arachidonic acid lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (2018-present)\".","authors":"Danai-Eleni Vergini, Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2447067","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2447067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuroinflammation is correlated to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Huntington Disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). A lot of recent research and patents are focused on the design and synthesis of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase (ALOX) inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>The survey covers natural products, synthesis, hybrids, and assessments of biological effects in biological studies as ALOX inhibitors. A survey of patent publications from 2018 to present, taken from Google Scholar, Espanet, Web of Science, Drugbank, Scopus, or PubMed is analyzed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The authors suggest that (i) numerous areas of biology-pharmacology need to be considered: selectivity, in vivo studies, toxicity, bioavailability, and drug-likeness, the mechanism of action in different animals and humans, evaluation of more efficient and selective biological tests; (ii) synthetic method outbalance in the discovery and production of ALOX inhibitors with greater selectivity. Several ALOX inhibitors show promising results for the treatment of neurological disorders. Their clinical evaluation will be critical to assess therapeutic utility. The compounds for which the mechanism of action and their bioavailability are well defined can be used as lead compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiang Li, Xiang Chen, Mingzhi Su, Yue-Wei Guo, Xin Jin
{"title":"A patent review of mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinases (MNKs) modulators (2019-present).","authors":"Qiang Li, Xiang Chen, Mingzhi Su, Yue-Wei Guo, Xin Jin","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2446225","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2446225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The mitogen-activated protein kinase interacting kinases (MNKs) modulate protein translation through the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) at serine 209, which is crucial for tumorigenesis but dispensable for normal development. MNKs are implicated in various pathological processes, including inflammation, obesity, cancer, etc. Thus, MNKs are considered as potential drug targets and the development of potent and selective MNK inhibitors is a current research focus.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review covers inhibitors of MNKs reported in patents published in the online databases of the World Intellectual Property Organization and European Patent Office from 2019 to 2024. This review provides a landscape of available inhibitors, including their chemical structures, activity, and stage of development.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>In recent years, highly potent and selective inhibitors have been discovered and many of them show promising results in several preclinical cancer models. The majority of small-molecule inhibitors developed recently, similarly to the structure of eFT508 and ETC-206. Also, some new skeletons were disclosed and showed novel mechanisms, including non-traditional ATP competition and induced protein degradation by proteolysis targeting chimeras. Ongoing preclinical research and clinical trials will provide us more information on these new compounds and MNKs novel functions beyond cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhixing Wu, Alexis R Smith, Zhijian Qian, Guangrong Zheng
{"title":"Patent landscape of small molecule inhibitors of METTL3 (2020-present).","authors":"Zhixing Wu, Alexis R Smith, Zhijian Qian, Guangrong Zheng","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2447056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13543776.2024.2447056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3), in complex with METTL14, is the key 'writer' protein for RNA m<sup>6</sup>A methylation, accounting for almost all mRNA m<sup>6</sup>A modifications. Recent studies reveal that METTL3 is implicated in the development and progression of various types of cancers. Targeting METTL3 with small molecule inhibitors represents a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review provides an overview of the patent literature covering METTL3 inhibitors. A literature search was conducted in SciFinder by using 'METTL3 inhibitor' as a keyword and was refined by narrowing the criteria to patents.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Efforts to develop METTL3/METTL14 inhibitors have led to the advancement of the drug candidate STC-15 to clinical trials. Preclinical studies of STC-15 show promise in inhibiting tumor growth via direct anti-tumor effects and anti-cancer immune responses. The clinical trial outcomes of STC-15 will shape future METTL3/METTL14 inhibitor development. However, critical questions remain. The role of METTL3/METTL14 in m<sup>6</sup>A RNA methylation is essential for cellular activity, raising concerns about the potential adverse effects of targeting this complex. Furthermore, depending on the context, METTL3/METTL14 can function as a tumor suppressor. This underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which RNA modifications regulate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An updated patent review of SOS1 inhibitors (2022-present).","authors":"Guizhen Zhou, Chuan Zhou, Xinyi Ma, Jiahang Xu, Zehui Zhou, Tianfeng Xu, Mingyue Zheng, Sulin Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419825","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>SOS1 is a crucial guanine nucleotide exchange factor for KRAS. It facilitates the transition of KRAS from inactive GDP-bound state to active GTP-bound state. The activation of KRAS triggers downstream signaling pathways, promoting tumor initiation and progression. Inhibiting SOS1 to prevent KRAS activation is an effective strategy for treating tumors driven by KRAS.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review identified patents claiming to be SOS1 inhibitors or SOS1-KRAS interaction modulators published between January 2022 and June 2024 using Cortellis Drug Discovery Intelligence. A total of 15 patent applications from 5 different applicants were assessed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinions: </strong>In KRAS-driven tumors, inhibiting SOS1 significantly affect cell proliferation and migration by modulating the RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Since 2022, numerous patents for SOS1 inhibitors have been published. The majority of SOS1 inhibitors are currently in the preclinical phase of development, with only a few progressing to clinical trials. However, these inhibitors face significant challenges in clinical studies, including limited efficacy of monotherapies, safety concerns, and the necessity to enhance PK properties. Despite their excellent in vitro performance, SOS1 inhibitors must address issues related to safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1199-1213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> inhibitors: an updated patent review (2021-present).","authors":"Salvucci Benedetta, Francesco Vallini, Michela Guida, Chiara Tammaro, Mariangela Biava, Giovanna Poce","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, causing around 10 million new cases and 1.3 million deaths in 2022. The challenge is compounded by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB strains, and co-infection with HIV.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>The present review examines significant patent literature on TB chemotherapeutics from September 2021 to the present using the following databases, reaxys, google patent and espacenet. Only patents reporting compounds with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on whole <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> cells of ≤5 µM were selected for review.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The fight against TB is advancing with the development of promising new compounds due to the challenge of drug-resistant strains. Notable among those reviewed in this paper are the benzothiazinones, showing high efficacy against both drug-sensitive and resistant TB strains. Additionally, Q203 analogues, demonstrate strong antitubercular activity, good microsomal stability, and favorable safety profiles. Finally, LysRS inhibitors also show significant promise <i>in vivo</i> models. These advancements underscore the importance of novel targets and innovative strategies in developing effective, resistance-resistant TB treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1215-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coumarin derivatives as therapeutic candidates: a review of their updated patents (2017-present).","authors":"Kalfagianni Malamati-Konstantina, Hadjipavlou-Litina Dimitra","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419827","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coumarins constitute a family of heterocyclic compounds that have been extensively studied as possible drugs in the pharmaceutical research to support human health.</p><p><strong>Areas covered in this review: </strong>A survey of patent publications from 2017 to mid-2024, taken from Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, or PubMed analyzes coumarins and their derivatives. It covers synthetic methods, hybridization techniques, and assessments of their biological effects in laboratory and biological studies, such as cytotoxic, antitumor, anticancer, cardiovascular, anti-atheromatic, antidiabetic, anti-asthmatic and antioxidant properties. Additionally, it presents and discusses several pharmaceutical applications for treatment and compositions involving these compounds. Structural activity relationships and mechanism of action are presented and discussed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The authors suggest that (i) numerous areas of biology-pharmacology need to be considered: selectivity, <i>in vivo</i> studies, toxicity, bioavailability and drug-likeness, the mechanism of action in animals and humans, evaluation of more efficient and selective biological tests; (ii) synthetic technique outbalance in the discovery and production of coumarins with greater selectivity. Their clinical evaluation will be critical to assess therapeutic utility. The coumarins, for which extended biological investigations confirmed their mechanism of action, can serve as lead or hit structures for the design of new libraries with more potent molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1231-1254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An update patent review of MDM2-p53 interaction inhibitors (2019-2023).","authors":"Aleksandra Twarda-Clapa","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419836","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2419836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The activity of the major tumor suppressor protein p53 is disrupted in nearly all human cancer types, either by mutations in TP53 gene or by overexpression of its negative regulator, Mouse Double Minute 2 (MDM2). The release of p53 from MDM2 and its homolog MDM4 with inhibitors based on different chemistries opened up a prospect for a broad, non-genotoxic anticancer therapy.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This article reviews the patents and patent applications between years 2019 and 2023 in the field of MDM2-p53 interaction inhibitors. The newly reported molecules searched in Espacenet, Google Patents, and PubMed were grouped into five general categories: compounds having single-ring, multi-ring, or spiro-oxindole scaffolds, peptide derivatives, and proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs). The article also presents the progress of MDM2 antagonists of various structures in recruiting or completed cancer clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Despite 20 years of intensive studies after the discovery of the first-in-class small-molecule inhibitor, Nutlin-3, no drugs targeting MDM2-p53 interaction have reached the market. Nevertheless, more than 10 compounds are still being evaluated in clinics, both as standalone drugs and in combinations with other targeted therapies or standard chemotherapy agents, including two inhibitors in phase 3 studies and two compounds granted orphan-drug/fast-track designation by the FDA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1177-1198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bei Zhang, Mei-Yan Jiang, Wei-Hao Luo, Chen Zhang, Yinuo Wu
{"title":"Phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) inhibitors: an updated patent review (2017-present).","authors":"Bei Zhang, Mei-Yan Jiang, Wei-Hao Luo, Chen Zhang, Yinuo Wu","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2412577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13543776.2024.2412577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>PDE2 is a dual-specific enzyme that hydrolyzes two intracellular substrates, cAMP and cGMP. PDE2 is mainly distributed in the brain, which indicates that PDE2 can serve as a potential target for central nervous system diseases without causing other peripheral side effects. Discovery of new mechanisms of PDE2 inhibitors is expected to bring new opportunities for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.</p><p><strong>Area covered: </strong>This review aims to provide an overview of PDE2 inhibitors reported in patents from 2017 to present.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>In recent years, the development of PDE2 inhibitors and their application in the treatment of brain diseases have received much attention. The main reason is the high expression of PDE2 in the brain, which gives PDE2 a natural advantage as a research target for central nervous system diseases. This review summarizes the scaffolds of PDE2 inhibitors reported in various patents since 2017, as well as the scientific issues that need to be addressed in terms of subtype selectivity and metabolic stability, intending to provide insights for the discovery of highly active and selective PDE2 inhibitors in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":"34 11","pages":"1105-1119"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A patent review of lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors (2014-present).","authors":"Giulia Bononi, Valeria Di Bussolo, Tiziano Tuccinardi, Filippo Minutolo, Carlotta Granchi","doi":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2412575","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13543776.2024.2412575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a key enzyme in glycolysis responsible for the conversion of pyruvate into lactate and vice versa. Lactate plays a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis; therefore, reducing lactate production by inhibiting LDH is considered an optimal strategy to tackle cancer. Additionally, dysregulation of LDH activity is correlated with other pathologies, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases as well as primary hyperoxaluria, fibrosis and cryptosporidiosis. Hence, LDH inhibitors could serve as potential therapeutics for treating these pathological conditions.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review covers patents published since 2014 up to the present in the Espacenet database, concerning LDH inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Over the past 10 years, different compounds have been identified as LDH inhibitors. Some of them are derived from the chemical optimization of already known LDH inhibitors (e.g. pyrazolyl derivatives, quinoline 3-sulfonamides), while others belong to newly identified chemical classes of LDH inhibitors. LDH inhibition has proven to be a promising therapeutic strategy not only for preventing human pathologies, but also for treating animal diseases. The published patents from both academia and the pharmaceutical industry highlight the persistent high interest of the scientific community in developing efficient LDH inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12314,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents","volume":" ","pages":"1121-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}