Food Additives & Contaminants最新文献_第3页

Probabilistic intake assessment and body burden estimation of dioxin-like substances in background conditions and during a short food contamination episode 背景条件下和短期食物污染事件中二恶英样物质的摄入概率评估和身体负担估计

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210132409

B. Vrijens, S. Henauw, K. Dewettinck, W. Talloen, L. Goeyens, G. Backer, Jan L. Willems

{"title":"Probabilistic intake assessment and body burden estimation of dioxin-like substances in background conditions and during a short food contamination episode","authors":"B. Vrijens, S. Henauw, K. Dewettinck, W. Talloen, L. Goeyens, G. Backer, Jan L. Willems","doi":"10.1080/02652030210132409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210132409","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to perform a dioxin body burden estimate based on a probabilistic intake assessment of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs because of the so-called 1999 ‘Belgian dioxin incident’. Monte Carlo simulation techniques were used to combine detailed 7-day food intake data on the individual level from a sample of 14–18-year-old adolescents with ‘background’ and ‘incident-related’ food contamination data. In background conditions, 3% of the adolescents had an intake <1 pg TEQ kg-1 bw day-1, while 85% had <4 pg TEQ kg-1 bw day-1. Milk and other dairy products were the basic source of dioxin-like contaminants, while fish constituted the main source at the higher percentiles of intake. During the dioxin incident, the estimated median dioxin intake showed a moderate increase. At the 99th percentile, the highest intake level, and the 95% upper bound uncertainty level, peak body burden—23.73 ng TEQ kg-1 bw—remained below body burdens that in the experimental animal or in man are accompanied by a population-based observable increase in the incidence of adverse effects. The 1999 Belgian dioxin incident most likely did not affect public health in Belgium in a measurable way, although exceptions remain possible on the individual level.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"27 1","pages":"687 - 700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86992026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Co-occurrence of patulin and citrinin in Portuguese apples with rotten spots 葡萄牙苹果腐斑中展霉素与黄霉素的共存

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210121320

M. Martins, A. Gimeno, H. M. Martins, F. Bernardo

{"title":"Co-occurrence of patulin and citrinin in Portuguese apples with rotten spots","authors":"M. Martins, A. Gimeno, H. M. Martins, F. Bernardo","doi":"10.1080/02652030210121320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210121320","url":null,"abstract":"Patulin and citrinin are mycotoxins produced by certain fungi mainly belonging toPenicilliumandAspergillusand may be detected in mouldy fruits and fruit products. The data presented here refer to the simultaneous occurrence of patulin and citrinin in 351 samples of seven different varieties of apples with small rotten areas (Casanova, Golden Delicious, Red Delicious, Reineta, Richared, Rome Beauty, Starking). A rapid multidetection thin layer chromatography (TLC) method was used. The minimum detectable concentrations of patulin and citrinin were 120–130 and 15–20 µg kg-1 respectively. The percentage contamination with patulin only was higher (68.6%) than that with citrinin only (3.9%). Patulin and citrinin (19.6%) were also detected simultaneously. The highest mean patulin content was 80.50 mg kg-1 for the Richared variety, but the mean level of citrinin was lower. The lowest mean contaminations of patulin were found in Rome Beauty, Red Delicious and Reineta, ranging from 3.06 to 5.37 mg kg-1. All analysed apples varieties had low citrinin contamination, ranging from 0.32 to 0.92 mg kg-1. These findings indicate that there may be a risk of human exposure to patulin through the consumption of juices and jams manufactured with apples with small rotten areas.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"183 1","pages":"568 - 574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74620057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 148

Potential migration release of volatile compounds from plastic containers destined for food use in microwave ovens 用于微波炉食品的塑料容器中挥发性化合物的潜在迁移释放

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210123887

C. Nerín, D. Acosta, C. Rubio

引用次数: 30

Use of polarography as a quality-control method for determining diacetyl in citrus and vegetable juices, yoghurt and butter 极谱法测定柑桔汁、蔬菜汁、酸奶和黄油中双乙酰的质量控制方法

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210125128

M. Esteve, A. Frígola, M. Rodrigo, M. Rodrigo

引用次数: 5

Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning: unusual toxin dynamics in shellfish and the increased risk of acute human intoxications 氮吡唑酸贝类中毒:贝类中不寻常的毒素动态和急性人类中毒的风险增加

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210126398

K. James, M. Lehane, C. Moroney, P. Fernández‐Puente, M. Satake, T. Yasumoto, A. Furey

{"title":"Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning: unusual toxin dynamics in shellfish and the increased risk of acute human intoxications","authors":"K. James, M. Lehane, C. Moroney, P. Fernández‐Puente, M. Satake, T. Yasumoto, A. Furey","doi":"10.1080/02652030210126398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210126398","url":null,"abstract":"A number of recent acute human intoxications in Europe from the consumption of Irish mussels have been attributed to the presence of a new class of toxins named azaspiracids. The study demonstrates that azaspiracids behave differently from other polyether toxins, and this accounts for most false-negative results in the mouse bioassay employed by regulatory agencies to detect azaspiracids. Typically, polyether toxins are concentrated in the digestive glands of shellfish, but this is not always the situation with azaspiracids. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), especially multiple tandem MS methods, have been applied to demonstrate that azaspiracid (AZA1) and its methyl- and demethyl- analogues, AZA2 and AZA3 respectively, are distributed throughout shellfish tissues. Using conventional mouse bioassay protocols, only 0–40% of the total azaspiracid content of shellfish was used in the assay, which could directly account for false-negative results. It was also observed that the toxin profiles differed significantly in various mussel tissues with AZA1 as the predominant toxin in the digestive glands and AZA3 predominant in the remaining tissues.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"66 1","pages":"555 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77373786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54

Migration of phthalates from PVC toys into saliva simulant by dynamic extraction 动态萃取法研究PVC玩具中邻苯二甲酸酯向唾液模拟物的迁移

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210125137

K. Bouma, D. J. Schakel

{"title":"Migration of phthalates from PVC toys into saliva simulant by dynamic extraction","authors":"K. Bouma, D. J. Schakel","doi":"10.1080/02652030210125137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210125137","url":null,"abstract":"Soft PVC children's products are usually plasticized with phthalates. As young children suck and chew on toys, they extract and ingest certain quantities of the plasticizers. Some phthalates are suspected to affect the kidneys and liver and cause testicular damage. Therefore, the EC has prohibited the sale of toys and childcare articles intended to be placed in the mouth by children <3 years of age made of soft PVC containing >0.1% by weight of six phthalates (1999/815/EC). The aim was to study the materials and plasticizers used in soft children's products. In February 2001, a market surveillance was performed in The Netherlands and 62 soft toys were sampled. Forty-seven of these toys contained plasticized PVC. Diisononylphthalate (DINP) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were the predominant plasticizers and were usually found in concentrations between 30 and 45% by weight. One teething ring was made of PVC plasticized with 45% by weight of DINP and was not in compliance with Decision 1999/815/EC. The DINP and DEHP migration was determined in saliva simulant using the ‘Head over Heels’ agitation method. All toys complied with the Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (SCTEE) guidance release value of 6.7 µg min-1 10 cm-2. The DEHP migration of six toys exceeded the SCTEE guidance release value of 1.7 µg min-1 10 cm-2. Substitutes found for phthalates plasticizers are acetyltributylcitrate, tributylcitrate and diisononyladipate. In addition, other plasticizers and additives were found in minor amounts. The toxicity and the migration behaviour of these substances is less known and requires more attention. To ensure the safety of PVC toys, these substances should also be regulated.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"61 1","pages":"602 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86005836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 80

Simple models for assessing migration from food-packaging films 评估食品包装膜迁移的简单模型

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210126389

D. Chung, S. Papadakis, K. Yam

引用次数: 60

Ochratoxin A determination in ham by immunoaffinity clean-up and a quick fluorometric method 免疫亲和净化和快速荧光法测定火腿中的赭曲霉毒素A

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210123869

E. Chiavaro, A. Lepiani, F. Colla, P. Bettoni, E. Pari, E. Spotti

{"title":"Ochratoxin A determination in ham by immunoaffinity clean-up and a quick fluorometric method","authors":"E. Chiavaro, A. Lepiani, F. Colla, P. Bettoni, E. Pari, E. Spotti","doi":"10.1080/02652030210123869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210123869","url":null,"abstract":"A simple and rapid method for the determination of ochratoxin A (OA) in ham was developed using a basic methanolic extraction, immunoaffinity column clean-up and a fluorometric determination of the toxin contamination levels. A mean recovery of OA from ham samples spiked at levels from 0.7 to 9.7 µg kg-1 was 83 ± 6% using the fluorometric method, with a detection limit of 0.7 µg kg-1. Recovery data were compared statistically with those obtained using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (99:99:2) as mobile phase and fluorescence detection, commonly used for OA determination in food. A good correlation between the two analytical techniques was obtained. Both methods were successfully applied to 42 ham samples, 21 in the middle of the ripening period (after 6 months from the process beginning) and the other 21 at the end of the maturation, after 12 months. Twenty-seven samples (64%) showed an OA contamination level <1.0 µg kg-1, the Italian Ministry of Health guideline. The maximum contamination level found was 2.3 µg kg-1. A good agreement (R2 = 0.980) between HPLC and fluorometer analysis on naturally contaminated samples was obtained.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"14 1","pages":"575 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88973868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 78

Organochlorine pesticide residues in breastmilk: difficulties in sample collection and in assessing intakes 母乳中的有机氯农药残留:样品收集和摄入量评估的困难

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110113771

C. Harris, M. Woolridge, A. Hay

{"title":"Organochlorine pesticide residues in breastmilk: difficulties in sample collection and in assessing intakes","authors":"C. Harris, M. Woolridge, A. Hay","doi":"10.1080/02652030110113771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110113771","url":null,"abstract":"Organochlorine pesticides are highly lipophilic and stable resulting both in their persistence in the environment and their tendency to pass up the food chain. Residues of these compounds are detectable in breastmilk and have been monitored since the 1950s. Samples can be collected using non-invasive techniques and the results are frequently used to assess degradation in the environment as well as risks to recipient infants. As a food, breastmilk is unique. It is manufactured entirely for an individual consumer with some of its constituents driven by its recipient. It can form the sole source of nutrition for a considerable period of an infant's life. Standard calculations of exposure to residues rely on consumption of 750–850ml breastmilk day-1 containing 3.5% fat for a 5-kg infant. The fat content of breastmilk, however, is highly variable, which means that that using fixed breastmilk volumes and fat can lead to an imprecise calculation of individual risk. The fat concentration of breastmilk changes throughout a single feed, between feeds and as lactation progresses. This variation therefore raises the methodological problem of how to secure a representative sample of breastmilk. Furthermore, maternal factors such as age and parity also affect concentrations because of the persistence of organochlorine pesticide residues in maternal fat stores. It is therefore critical that samples are collected in a systematic manner taking account of these variables, particularly if the results not only are to be used for risk assessment, but also in comparing changes in environmental concentrations. Reviews of the literature have shown that these variables have often been disregarded in drawing up sampling strategies and methodologies are poorly reported in publications. The paper discusses the literature currently available on monitoring organochlorine pesticide residues in breastmilk and presents an overview of some of the factors that need to be taken into account when collecting samples and assessing infant exposure.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"23 1","pages":"547 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81267662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Content of ochratoxin A in paired kidney and meat samples from healthy Danish slaughter pigs 丹麦健康屠宰猪成对肾脏和肉类样品中赭曲霉毒素A的含量

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110113807

K. Jørgensen, A. Petersen

引用次数: 76