Trudy NAMI最新文献

{"title":"Estimation of efficiency of technical solutions of an active road train by means of physical modelling","authors":"B. N. Belousov, K. V. Bologov, T. G. Zhogolev, R. A. Lapenkov, R. G. Mukhametzyanov, V. S. Sapozhkin, A. F. Starikov, A. M. Shcherbin","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-87-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-87-100","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The article describes a physical model of a road train with active drive of semi-trailer wheels. The results of research tests of the physical model are given, with the help of which the adequacy of the mathematical models of dynamics of the road train as a part of a truck tractor and semi-trailer with active wheel drive is evaluated. The purpose of the study is estimation of efficiency of the technical solutions aimed at increase of vehicle passability and maneuverability.Methodology and research methods. In the course of the study the method of analysis of results of tests of the operating active road train scaled mock-up, the method of comparative analysis of the results of mathematical and physical modelling have been used. Scientific novelty and results. The performed studies confirmed correlation of the physical and mathematical modelling results, as well as indicated that the use of physical modelling serves as an efficient method to obtain an objective assessment of operational properties of the designed road train. The article considers constraints and limitations of using a scalable vehicle to study its dynamics. Matters of model parameters validity, conditions for dynamic similarity, and physical modelling results for active road train dynamics are given.Practical significance. Physical modelling of a (full-)scale sample using a scaled model reduces the costs and time when developing an active road train with new technical solutions, and increases reliability of the results obtained through the mathematical and physical modelling.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of CO emissions from 2 KAMAZ-54901 truck with the use of Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 methodology","authors":"A. S. Terenchenko, A. S. Stryapunin","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-61-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-61-68","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). For several years already, the world’s leading countries are managing programs aimed at decreasing СО2 emissions from trucks. These programs imply actual (field) testing of components and simulating of vehicle driving according to the test cycles in the special software (SW). In Europe, Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 requires that manufacturers produce and open source such calculations when registering new trucks (heavy-duty vehicles) in the EU territory. The purpose of the study is to compare the CO2 emission level from trucks made by the European manufacturers and from a modern truck produced by KAMAZ PTC.Methodology and research methods. The truck driving was simulated with the use of Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 methodology in the VECTO software. Scientific novelty and results. The СО2 emissions from the modern truck produced by KAMAZ PTC were calculated with the use of Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 methodology in the VECTO software. Practical significance. The obtained calculation results can be used for optimization of the KAMAZ vehicle parameters in order to decrease fuel consumption and СО2 emissions","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"59 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of technological sector “Driverless vehicles and highly automated vehicles” based on the results of patent search","authors":"P. E. Iturralde Bakero, O. A. Zhdanovich, R. S. Nikolaev","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-37-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-37-45","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). In the modern world, the issue of relevance of driverless vehicles and implementation of this technology in economic, legal and technological environment is more acute than ever. The scope of the latest technological solutions grows year by year often drawing attention of the largest companies that are ready to invest effort and finance in improvement of methods, techniques and devices related to production and operation of driverless transport. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main development trends of the driverless vehicle technologies market based on the patent search over the period of 2012–2021, to identify regularities and draw conclusions on the state of the technology market development at the time of the study. Methodology and research methods. In the course of the study, domestic and foreign patent documentation databases were examined, as well as directly the patent documents describing various technical solutions in the technological sector of driverless vehicles. Scientific novelty and results. Following the results of the analysis, conclusions on the high level of interest from inventors and large organizations, especially from the Asian region, in the developments in the “Driverless vehicles and highly automated vehicles” sector were drawn. Based on the data, conclusions on the Russian patent activity were also drawn, in comparison with the indicators of other leading countries. It was noted that the technological sector had been developing rapidly and achieved the peak indicators in 2020 so far. Practical significance. The analysis results can be used by inventors and organizations in order to identify the trends of the world market of technologies and demand for individual developments within the technological sector.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of modern trends in vehicle life cycle assessment","authors":"A. V. Kozlov, A. S. Terenchenko","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-16-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-16-36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). Currently, there are new vehicle power units actively evolving and being more and more extensively applied that are primarily based on electric and hydrogen technologies ensuring reduction of greenhouse gas emissions when in operation. However, to comprehensively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the new technologies they require integrated assessment within the life cycle. The global community, minding the importance of this problem, has come to the need of development of a harmonized methodology for assessment of a vehicle carbon footprint within the life cycle.The purpose of the study is to review the modern trends when assessing the vehicle carbon footprint within the life cycle based on the analysis of activities of the Automotive – Life Cycle Assessment (A-LCA) Informal Working Group within the official Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) within the operation of the UN World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29).Methodology and research methods. The method of analysis of published documents and reports presented at the sessions of the Automotive – Life Cycle Assessment (A-LCA) Informal Working Group has been used. Scientific novelty and results. The paper contains the results of analysis of modern approaches and trends in vehicle life cycle assessment. Practical significance. The analysis results will help understanding the key issues in vehicle life cycle assessment and improving methodologies applied in the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139153038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways of development of models of driving automation systems for vehicles and vehicle-environment-driver biotechnical complexes","authors":"N. T. Katanaev, A. E. Chebyshev, A. F. Kolbasov","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). At present, great attention is paid to solving the issues and problems of creation of driving automation systems for vehicles or vehicle automated driving systems (ADS). Their successful solution depends on many factors, such as: economic, organizational, production, design and technological ones, etc.The purpose of the study is to analyze some of the key factors influencing the reliability of vehicleenvironment-driver human-machine system models, which are the instrumental basis for vehicle ADS designing. Methodology and research methods. The article considers the history of development of models of vehicle-environment-driver human-machine systems over the last half-century period with a focus on domestic (Russian) research and studies in this field.Results. It reveals the features of mathematical descriptions in systems of automated driving and control of objects with artificial intelligence, in professionally oriented biotechnical complexes to efficiently and effectively solve tasks of mutual adaptation of human-machine systems, in vehicle end-to-end design, etc. Practical significance. The list of issues and problems arising when describing mathematically the research objects is presented, and recommendations to solve them are offered.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New method of assessment of technical condition of vehicle internal combustion engines in the course of their long-term operationх длительной эксплуатации","authors":"F. L. Nazarov, V. F. Kutenev","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-54-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-54-60","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). Modern control over the vehicle engine technical condition is performed by measuring the coolant temperature and oil temperature.The purpose of the study is to examine the regularities of engine oil aging with determination of the causes of change of oil performance indicators, assessment of its admissible state and identification of optimal timing for its replacement according to the actual condition.Methodology and research methods. The results of bench and operational tests of three modern engine oils at long-term run in the KAMAZ family engines were analysed. Scientific novelty and results. The article presents the justification of usage of blow-by, which characterizes the rate of wear of the main friction surfaces inside the cylinder-piston and valve train group of parts, as an objective indicator of the engine technical condition.Practical significance. For further research, the problematic issues regarding technical condition quality control and service life increase for the vehicle internal combustion engine have been outlined.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results and review of IASF-2023","authors":"R. K. Kurmaev, S. P. Chuprunov, R. G. Mukhametzyanov, K. N. Shiryaev, V. V. Debelov","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-6-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-4-6-15","url":null,"abstract":"On 18–19 October 2023, the annual International Automobile Scientific Forum (IASF-2023) “Ensuring Competitiveness of Russian Automotive Industry until 2035” took place, dedicated to the 105th anniversary of FSUE “NAMI”. The event format assumed both offline and online participation. The issues of providing technological sovereignty of the Russian automotive industry and development of the domestic component base, technical and technological developments in the field of innovative land vehicles and systems were discussed during the Forum. Within the Forum, an exhibition of technical achievements of FSUE “NAMI” and manufacturers of automotive vehicles and components was held dedicated to competitiveness of the Russian automotive industry. Components of electric, hybrid and intelligent vehicles, electronic control units, assemblies and aggregates of powertrains, electric traction vehicles and hybrid vehicles with additional power sources were also presented. There was a competition held in two categories: “Best Student Scientific Paper” and “Best Graduate Student and Young Specialist Scientific Paper”. 20 applications were filed for the competition from the educational, scientific and production companies and organizations.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"224 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139153019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of oxidation catalysis in after-treatment of exhaust gases of diesel engines","authors":"V. I. Panchishnyi, I. Y. Vorobiev","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-2-18-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-2-18-30","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The oxidation catalysis provides the necessary efficiency and performance of diesel filters for trapping dispersed particles and systems for selective treatment of nitrogen oxides. In addition, oxidation catalysts can be a tool for neutralizing emissions of methane and some non-regulated but very hazardous polycyclic and partially oxidized hydrocarbons. There are also poorly studied theoretical issues of oxidation catalysis associated with mutual influence of toxic components contained in exhaust gases of diesel engines.The purpose of the study is to clarify the oxidation catalysis role in the general problem of after-treatment of toxic emissions of diesel engines, development and testing of catalysts and converters for neutralization of toxic combustion products of engines powered by natural gas.Methodology and research methods. Research into the catalysts under flow conditions using modern methods of gas analysis, IR spectroscopy, engine tests of the developed catalytic converters.Scientific novelty and results. The paper shows the role of oxidation catalysis in solving the common problems of after-treatment of hazardous emissions of diesel engines including both direct after-treatment of toxic compounds and supporting functions. Catalysts of higher efficiency and a series of converters for gas engines have been developed. Innovative methods to increase the resistance of oxidation catalysts to sulfur oxides have been proposed.Practical significance. The developed catalysts and converter designs are recommended for implementation in KAMAZ-820.52-260 and Cummins 250 and 280 gas engines.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114584837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaporation generation in the vehicle fuel tank. Canister feed strategy optimization","authors":"G. G. Ter-Mkrtich’yan, N. A. Mikerin, V. V. Glaviznin, A. Tseytlin, A. B. Malyshev, Yu. G. Ter-Mkrtich’yan","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-2-6-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-2-6-17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). In addition to the toxic substances generated during fuel combustion in the engine, the vehicle generates a significant amount of hydrocarbons in the form of fuel vapors generated as a result of evaporation from the fuel tank and fuel system components. The evaporation process parameters and the amount of fuel evaporations are determined by dynamics of fuel heating in the tank in various vehicle operation modes. Modern requirements for the limit level of emissions caused by evaporation become much stricter. Therefore, the solution of the task of fuel evaporation minimization and prevention of ingress thereof into the atmosphere is relevant and practically significant. The purposes of the studies are to develop a model of the processes of evaporation generation in the vehicle fuel tank based on the analysis of mathematical modeling and experimental research results as well as to develop the optimum strategy and algorithm of the canister feed.Methodology and research methods. In the study, a combination of analytical methods of the classical thermodynamics with modeling in the Simcenter Amesim integrated program platform environment is used.Scientific novelty and results. It has been found that transition from feeding the canister with an open vapor space to evaporation in a fixed-volume space allows significant reduction of the amount of hydrocarbons delivered to the canister.Practical significance. It has been found and proved that accumulation of hydrocarbons in a closed tank with discrete cyclic feed of the canister allows significant reduction of evaporation generation and lowering of the requirements for the canister parameters. An algorithm of optimum canister feed is suggested.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124922903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies by Vitaliy Grachev focused on maximum vehicle passability achievement","authors":"A. N. Gorchakov, R. G. Danilov, A. Chistyakov","doi":"10.51187/0135-3152-2023-2-84-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2023-2-84-102","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The territory of our country is located in the area with periodic snow cover. There is a great variance in duration of snow cover, its nature and properties among different regions of the country. The Far North snow cover lasts for 10–11 months. To develop the territory of Siberia, Altai, the Far East and the Far North, as well as to solve the issues of energy, technological and economic security, there is a need for vehicles having high passability or off-road performance in a wide range of driving conditions. Despite intensive road construction and growth of the road network, provision of transport accessibility for the far regions of our country continues to be a relevant and prospective task for the automotive industry. The article considers scientific and practical approaches and results of the studies conducted by the Special Design Bureau of the Automotive Plant n.a. Ivan Likhachev (hereinafter – SDB ZIL) led by Vitaliy Grachev and focused on creation of ultrahigh-passability vehicles.The purpose of the study is to review and to analyze the high-passability and ultrahigh-passability land vehicle designs made based on the studies conducted in the SDB ZIL for severe driving conditions (deep snow, water, swamp, sand, engineering obstacles).Methodology and research methods. The article presents the analysis of the results of scientific and practical experiments in driving vehicles with both conventional – wheels and tracks – and non-conventional – rotary screw, pneumatic roller and other – running gears in different environments, which were obtained using the methods proposed by Vitaliy Grachev.Scientific novelty and results. The article offers solutions, methods and recommendations for selection of optimal types and kinds of running gears for operation under specific off-road conditions, as well as reliable design and engineering solutions proven by practical implementation of successful projects.Practical significance. Restoring the belief in capabilities and potential of the Russian scientific and engineering school by informing the new generation of engineers about the achievements and successful projects by the SDB ZIL led by Vitaliy Grachev related to creation of wheeled vehicles and vehicles with non-conventional running gear types (rotary screw and pneumatic roller tracked running gears) in different environments, as well as about the scientific and practical methods used in their implementation.","PeriodicalId":122822,"journal":{"name":"Trudy NAMI","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128475157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}