Fish Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Membrane progesterone receptor e (paqr9) is necessary for chorion elevation in zebrafish.","authors":"Md Razain Tanvir, Takumi Mouri, Eisei Tsutsumi, Umme Habiba Mustary, Md Almamun Farid, Md Forhad Hossain, Yuki Omori, Chihiro Yamamoto, Akiteru Maeno, Toshinobu Tokumoto","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01435-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01435-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paqr9 is a gene encoding membrane progestin receptor e (mPRe), the fifth subtype of the five mPR subtypes, and is currently classified a member of the progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family, which consists of 11 genes. To elucidate the physiological functions of the mPR subtypes, we established gene knockout (KO) fish via genome editing of seven paqr genes in zebrafish and analyzed their phenotypes. The null-mutant strain of paqr9 (paqr9^-/-) that we established in this study presented reduced chorion elevation and a high percentage of abnormal embryos. Embryos exhibit various kinds of abnormal morphology, which are thought to be caused by insufficient elevation of the chorion. Immunohistochemical staining of ovaries with an anti-Paqr9 antibody revealed that Paqr9 was expressed in the periplasm of oocytes and the surface of chorion in the wild type, whereas signals were absent in paqr9^-/- zebrafish. In histological sections, the periplasmic connection between the oocyte plasma membrane and chorion was absent in paqr9^-/- oocytes. The number of cortical alveoli (CA) that are responsible for chorion elevation was significantly reduced in paqr9^-/- zebrafish. SEM revealed that fiber-supported knob-like structures (KSs) on the chorion were absent in paqr9^-/- zebrafish. These results indicate that Paqr9 is required for the preparation of CA during oogenesis. Insufficient formation of the chorion resulted in the abnormal development of embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stranded heavy fuel oil exposure causes deformities, cardiac dysfunction, and oxidative stress in marine medaka Oryzias melastigma using an oiled-gravel-column system.","authors":"Zhonglei Ju, Xishan Li, Xin Li, Cen Liang, Zhu Xu, Huishu Chen, Deqi Xiong","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01437-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01437-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy fuel oil (HFO) stranded on the coastline poses a potential threat to the health of marine fish after an oil spill. In this study, an oiled-gravel-column (OGC) system was established to investigate the toxic effects of stranded HFO on marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. HFO 380# (sulfur content 2.9%) was chosen as one type of high sulfur fuel oil for acute toxicity tests. The marine medaka larvae were exposed to the OGC system effluents with oil loading rates of 0 (control), 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 µg HFO/g gravel for 144 h, respectively. Results showed that a prevalence of blue sac disease signs presented teratogenic effects, including decreased circulation, ventricular stretch, cardiac hemorrhage, and pericardial edema. Moreover, the treatments (800, 1600, and 3200 µg oil/g gravel) induced severe cardiotoxicity, characterized by significant bradycardia and reduced stroke volume with an overt decrease in cardiac output. Additionally, the antioxidant enzyme activities, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly upregulated at 800-3200 µg oil/g gravel except for a marked inhibition of CAT activity at 3200 µg oil/g gravel. Furthermore, significantly elevated protein carbonyl (PCO) levels were detected, suggesting that the organisms suffered severe protein oxidative damage subjected to the exposure. Overall, stranded HFO 380# exposure activated the antioxidant defense system (up-regulated POD and GST activities) of marine medaka and disrupted CAT activity, which could result in an oxidative stress state (elevated PCO levels) and might further contribute to cardiac dysfunction, deformities, and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of appropriate extenders to maintain sperm functionality during short-term storage of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) sperm with fertilization assay under hatchery conditions.","authors":"Nururshopa Eskander Shazada, Mohammad Abdul Momin Siddique, Songpei Zhang, Zhijun Ma, Marek Rodina, Otomar Linhart","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01413-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01413-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Short-term storage and management of sperm in vitro is an easy and economical process in which suitable extenders can be utilized to extend the storage period and prevent sperm function impairment. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the effect of suitable extenders during the short-term storage of sterlet sperm and determine their fertilizing capacity and hatching success. Three extenders containing a composition of 16, 20, and 24 mM NaCl, 1 mM KCl, 0.1 mM CaCl₂, 10 mM Tris, pH 8.0 with osmolarity of 46, 55, and 62 mOsm/kg, were used to dilute the sperm of four sexually mature sterlet males (n = 4). Using a CASA system, the motility and velocity of undiluted and diluted sperm with extenders (E1 - E3) were assessed over 6 days at 0-2 °C. The short-term stored diluted sperm was then used in the fertilization and hatching assay, and undiluted fresh and stored sperm was used as a control. A two-way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) model confirmed significant effects on sperm motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL), and straight-line velocity (VSL) (P < 0.001), as well as their interaction with the extender. The model was decomposed into a one-way ANOVA to examine the impacts of extenders and storage time. With increasing storage periods, the sperm motility and velocity gradually decreased for diluted sperm with three extenders (E1-E3) but sharply decreased for undiluted sperm (Control). The motility of undiluted sperm was found 3.77 ± 4.09% at 4 days, whereas sperm diluted with extenders showed 57.57 ± 12.33% (E1), 64.34 ± 11.86% (E2), and 61.40 ± 12.41% (E3) motility at 6 days. This study explored extenders optimized with higher osmolarity (39-62 mOsm/kg) and lower K⁺ (1 mmol/L) as the most suitable medium for storing sterlet sperm for 6 days. After 6 days post storage, sperm diluted with extenders E1-E3 achieved a fertilization rate of 31.29 ± 14.2%, 31.66 ± 8.84%, and 30.67 ± 10.02%, respectively, and hatching success of 29.58 ± 13.4%, 30.50 ± 7.89%, and 27.95 ± 9.62%, respectively with freshly ovulated eggs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis and longitudinal study of reprogramming by dietary creatine to endogenous metabolism in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).","authors":"Haodong Yu, Yukang Nie, Xinping Ran, Shaoyun Li, Keming Rong, Xuezhen Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01417-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01417-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Creatine is a feed additive with physiological pleiotropic properties and also an energy homeostasis protector in vertebrates and is successfully used in terrestrial livestock and aquaculture. Here, two feeding trials were performed to investigate dietary creatine on endogenous creatine metabolism and physiological reprogramming in largemouth bass. The results showed that the endogenous creatine metabolism genes AGAT, GAMT, and SLC6A8 of largemouth bass are highly conserved with the amino acid sequences of other teleosts and are clustered separately from mammals. Among the 16 major tissues in largemouth bass, both creatine synthesis genes (agat, gamt) and transporter gene slc6a8 are most highly expressed in muscle. Muscle has a high threshold but sensitive creatine negative feedback to regulate endogenous creatine metabolism. Dietary creatine intake significantly inhibits endogenous creatine synthesis and transport in muscle in a dose-dependent manner, and this inhibitory effect recovers with a decrease in dietary creatine content. In addition, physiological creatine saturation required prolonged exogenous creatine intake, and it would be shortened by high doses of creatine, which provides guidance for maximizing economic benefits in aquaculture. Metabolome and transcriptome showed that dietary creatine significantly affected the metabolism of the creatine precursor substance-arginine. Exogenous creatine intake spared arginine that would otherwise be used for creatine synthesis, increased arginine levels, and caused reprogramming of arginine metabolism. Overall, these results demonstrate that the addition of creatine to largemouth bass diets is safe and recoverable, and the benefits of creatine intake in largemouth bass are not limited to enhancing the function of creatine itself but also include a reduction in the metabolic burden of essential amino acids to better growth performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of Labeo rohita to neonicotinoids imidacloprid, clothianidin, and their mixture.","authors":"Sadaya Kumar Gajula, Anand Konkala, Madhusudan Reddy Narra","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01412-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01412-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonicotinoids, widely used insecticides, pose severe environmental risks due to their persistence in soil and water, adversely affecting non-target organisms and ecosystem integrity. The present study examined the 56 days effects of imidacloprid (66.6 mg/l), clothianidin (30 mg/l), and their combination (33.3 mg/l and 15 mg/l) on Labeo rohita, using one-third of the LC₅₀ sub-lethal concentrations. Survival, weight gain, and the hepatosomatic index decreased insignificantly in the IMI group and significantly in the CLO and Mix groups. Haematological indicators, including erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin, and haematocrit values, were also significantly reduced. Blood glucose and serum creatinine levels increased, while serum albumin, globulin, and plasma total proteins decreased. White blood cell counts elevated, while immunoglobulin (IgM), respiratory burst, and lysozyme activities were significantly inhibited. Liver, brain and muscle lactate and malate dehydrogenases were elevated, whereas succinate and glutamate dehydrogenases were decreased. Liver aspartate aminotransferase activity was substantially higher than that of brain and muscle, which had considerably higher levels of alanine aminotransferase in muscle than in the brain and liver. Additionally, muscle alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher than in the liver and brain, whereas liver acid phosphatase showed a greater elevation than in the muscle and brain. The physiological, haematological, and biochemical indices peaked on day 28 and slight recovery was observed on day 56 (IMI > CLO > Mix). The study highlights that the mixture of insecticides poses greater hazards compared to a single active compound, and the indiscriminate use of these insecticides jeopardizes non-target organisms, ecosystems, and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic heat stress is capable of reducing the growth performance, causing damage to the liver structure, and altering the liver glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides L.).","authors":"Hanwei Yan, Jinxing Du, Shengjie Li, Caixia Lei, Tao Zhu, Linqiang Han, Hongmei Song","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01416-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01416-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High temperatures cause abnormal energy metabolism and inhibit the growth of fish in aquaculture. However, the mechanism of energy metabolism under chronic heat stress is still unknown. In this study, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides, LMB) was treated with 25℃, 29℃, and 33℃ for 8 weeks. Then, the growth performance, liver tissue damage, serum lipid indicator, hepatic glycogen, and triglyceride levels were analyzed. The growth data showed that the 33℃ group had a lower weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feeding rate (FR), and higher feed conversion rate (FCR) in comparison with those in the 25℃ and 29℃ groups. However, there were no significant differences between the 25℃ and 29℃ groups. The most severe damage to liver tissue was observed in the 33℃ group, characterized by cellular vacuolation and marginalization of cell nuclei. The levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum were decreased with the rising temperatures. However, the hepatic triglyceride levels were increased, with a decrease in hepatic glycogen levels. Compared with the 25℃ group, the expressions of gluconeogenesis pathway-related genes (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pepck) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pase)) and glucose transport pathway-related gene (glucose transporter 2 (Gltu2)) were down-regulated in the 33℃ group. In contrast, the expression of the glycolysis pathway-related gene (pyruvate kinase (Pk)) was up-regulated. In addition, the expressions of fatty acid β oxidation pathway-related genes (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-Alpha (Pparα) and carnitine palmityl transferase 1 (Cpt1)), adipogenesis pathway-related genes (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-Gamma (Pparγ), fatty acid synthase (Fas), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acc)), and lipolysis pathway-related genes (adipose triglyceride lipase (Agtl) and hormone-sensitive lipase (Hsl)) were down-regulated under chronic heat stress. In conclusion, our results indicated that enhancement of the glycolysis pathway and inhibition of the gluconeogenesis pathway and lipid metabolism contribute to coping with chronic heat stress for LMB. Our study provides useful information for alleviating the heat stress response of LMB through nutritional regulation in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fishmeal intervention after short-term novel proteins stimulates compensatory growth and affects intestinal health in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).","authors":"Lukuan Li, Yu Wang, Xianjun Zhou, Chunfang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01436-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01436-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research utilized a compensatory growth phenomenon aimed at reducing the use of fishmeal in aquatic animal feed. However, the compensatory growth triggered by fishmeal restriction with novel protein replacement has yet to be understood. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing different proteins were manufactured, with fishmeal serving as the control and diets containing novel proteins, i.e., Chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris), cottonseed protein concentrate, Clostridium autoethanogenum, and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), serving as the experimental diets. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with a starting body weight of 4.73 ± 0.04 g were respectively fed these five diets for the first 29 days (first stage), followed by a fishmeal diet for the remaining 29 days (second stage). The diet of fishmeal, Chlorella vulgaris, cottonseed protein concentrate, Clostridium autoethanogenum, and Tenebrio molitor was referred to as FM, ChM, CSM, CAP, and TM, respectively. All novel protein groups showed a 60-73% higher weight gain compared to the fishmeal group during the second phase; however, they did not reach the weight level seen in the control group. In addition, the second stage of fishmeal intervention resulted in a reduction of approximately 35% in the area of positive Alcian blue (AB) staining of intestinal tissues in the CSM group, and about 40% in the CAP group, compared to the first stage. Furthermore, the area of intestinal apoptosis in TM was enlarged after fishmeal intervention while it was decreased in other experimental groups. At day 58, gene expression analysis of the CAP group fish at the end of the trial revealed increased levels of the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2, as well as higher expression of intestinal inflammatory cytokines il-1β, tnf-α, nf-κb p65, and il-10, compared to the FM group. In terms of the biochemical indices, the levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were reduced in CSM on day 58. An assessment of potential microbial function at end of trial demonstrated that CAP could reduce the lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and increased carbohydrate metabolism pathways in the largemouth bass intestine. In conclusion, both CAP and ChM groups showed promise to reduce fishmeal with respect to intestinal health rather than growth. This study should be of value to practitioners wishing to use novel proteins to reduce fishmeal via the utilization of the compensatory growth phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance to premature senescence in the Epithelioma papulosum cyprini fish cell line is associated with the absence of PML nuclear bodies.","authors":"Kunihiko Futami, Hayato Ito, Takayuki Katagiri","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01423-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01423-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell lines derived from fish tissues are resistant to premature senescence under typical culture conditions. Previously, we demonstrated that fish genomes do not have a p16^INK4a/Arf locus and that the absence of this locus underlies the lack of senescence in cultured fish cells. However, other factors may also contribute to this resistance. In amniotes, promyelocytic leukemia (PML)-IV proteins are involved in the generation of PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs), which are connected with premature senescence. The lack of a pml gene in fish genomes may be involved in the mechanism of resistance to cellular senescence. Heterologous expression of human PML-IV in an Epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell line induced the formation of PML NB-like speckled structures. The cells displayed characteristic features of cellular senescence, namely, growth suppression, a large, flattened morphology, and increased SA-β-gal activity. Additionally, the levels of proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors increased in the cells, suggesting a link between the absence of PML NBs and cellular resistance to senescence. Expression of the CCAT enhancer binding protein beta gene, which encodes a transcription factor of proinflammatory SASPs, was not increased, nor was there any elevation in the activity of NF-κB, a transcription factor for proinflammatory SASP factors and C/EBPβ. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may contribute to the induction of proinflammatory SASP factors by PML NBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral, metabolic, and biochemical alterations caused by an acute stress event in a zebrafish larvae model.","authors":"Raquel S F Vieira, Carlos A S Venâncio, Luís M Félix","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01421-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01421-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal welfare is a growing concern in aquaculture practices. Stress induced by handling or transportation can lead to negative impacts on the sector. Zebrafish has raised as an important aquaculture model, but still with few focus on its stress response in early life stages. Therefore, the objective of this study was to improve the evaluation of different markers of the stress response after a stress event in a zebrafish larvae model. Zebrafish larvae (96 hpf) were vortex-stimulated for 1 min at 200 rpm for acute stress induction. After 10 min, 1- and 4-h behavioral larvae outcomes and larvae were sampled to the following quantification: levels of cortisol, lactate, glucose and biochemical biomarkers (reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lipidic oxidation level and protein carbonylation, glutathione s-transferase, acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase and ATPase), and the metabolic rate. The cortisol, glucose, and lactate levels had no alterations. At the behavioral level, an increase in the distance swam and in the speed was observed and the metabolic rate also increased according to the behavioral outcomes. The ATPase and GST activity showed a decrease in their activity, probably through osmoregulation changes related to the hypothetic adrenocorticotropic hormone downregulation. Overall, the acute vortex stimulation at low speed induced an early stress response independent of the HPI-cortisol pathway. In addition, this study shows zebrafish early life stages as a sensitive model to acute vortex stimulation, identifying altered parameters which can be used in future work to assess the effect on animal welfare in similar acute situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cascade of cadmium toxicity: from cellular damage to pyroptotic responses in fish Channa punctatus.","authors":"Vaishnavi Saxena, Jumman Bakhasha, Neeti Arya, Rashmi Singh, Raveena Singh, Rubina Khan, Ritu Singh, Sunil P Trivedi, Manoj Kumar, Kamlesh K Yadav, Abha Trivedi","doi":"10.1007/s10695-024-01434-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-024-01434-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium pollution is a major environmental issue threatening aquatic ecosystems and the health of aquatic organisms. Our study examines cadmium toxicity at different levels, highlighting pyroptotic cell death in the freshwater fish Channa punctatus (spotted snakehead). For this purpose, 90 well-acclimatized fish were categorized into three groups: one control and two treatment groups, i.e., T1 and T2, which were exposed to two sub-lethal concentrations of cadmium chloride (Cdcl₂), i.e., 1.18 mg/L (one-tenth of 96-h lethal concentration [LC₅₀]) and 2.36 mg/L (one-fifth of 96-h LC₅₀), respectively, for a duration of 7, 14, and 21 days. Post-completion of experimental periods, various assessments were carried out. Reactive oxygen species levels significantly increased, indicating enhanced oxidative stress, along with elevated activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase (P < 0.05). In contrast, reduced glutathione levels decreased in a dose- and duration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Additionally, lipid peroxidation increased markedly, and liver biomarkers, including serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase, were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in a time- and concentration-dependent pattern. Histopathological investigations of liver revealed pronounced deformities that were dose-dependent, with higher concentrations of cadmium causing more severe damage. Subsequently, prolonged cadmium exposure led to pyroptosis in the hepatocytes, characterized by the elevated expression of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3; caspase-1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-18; apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD; and Gasdermin E. These results highlighted the significant impact of cadmium on C. punctatus, underscoring its importance as a key bio-indicator for aquatic pollution. The study emphasizes the urgent need to monitor and regulate cadmium levels to protect aquatic life and maintain ecological balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}