Fish Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Milt androgen profile and evaluation of sperm morpho-functional characteristics of wild-caught and farmed European eels (Anguilla anguilla).","authors":"Laura Gentile, Bálint Lóránt Hausz, Antonio Casalini, Nadia Govoni, Pietro Emmanuele, Albamaria Parmeggiani, Domenico Ventrella, Maria Laura Bacci, Oliviero Mordenti, Alberto Elmi","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01494-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-025-01494-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluating milt samples before their preservation and/or reproductive use is critical to correctly develop assisted reproductive strategies for teleost species. This is especially true in case of \"critically endangered\" species, like the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), whose life cycle is not closed yet, leading to the necessity of capturing younglings from natural populations for both research and productive purposes. Despite androgens being involved in spermatogenesis and playing pivotal roles in the pre-migratory morphological and physiological changes, their quantification in different biological tissues is still to be refined in European eels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of extraction and quantification of testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) from male European eel milts. The secondary aim was to investigate potential differences in androgens' profiles and/or functional characteristics of spermatozoa between wild-caught and farmed specimens. Twenty-four male European eels obtained from the North Adriatic region (14 wild-caught and 10 farmed) underwent a maturation-inducing hormonal treatment for milt production; blood and milt samples were then collected for androgens quantification upon ELISA and RIA methodologies. Spermatozoa were also evaluated for viability and objective motility. Plasma showed average T and 11-KT levels of 2.32 and 6.88 ng/mL, respectively, while milt 0.24 (T) and 1.09 ng/mL (11-KT). Significantly higher spermatozoa concentrations and motility were observed in farmed eels' milts. This work contributes to deepening the knowledge on teleost physiology, being the first report quantifying T and 11-KT from European eels' seminal plasma and comparing the quality of milts of farmed vs wild specimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis unveils adaptation strategies in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) gills under hypoxic conditions.","authors":"Fei Zhu, Meixuan Lei, Yufeng Song, Dafeng Xu, Shuran Du, Qian Meng, Chaofeng Jia, Shaowu Yin, Shuyin Chen, Cheng Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01492-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-025-01492-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) is an economically valuable and highly sought-after table fish in China. In recent years, commercial farming of silver pomfret has been successfully developed in the country. However, silver pomfret is highly sensitive to environmental stress, and hypoxia-induced stress can lead to significant economic losses in aquaculture. This study investigated the transcriptomic response of silver pomfret gills under normal oxygen conditions (G0) and after hypoxic exposure for 6 h (G6) and 24 h (G24). Hypoxia exposure induced gill remodeling, characterized by increased gill lamellar height and a reduction in interlamellar cell mass (ILCM). Oxidative stress and antioxidant responses were significantly upregulated after 24 h of hypoxia exposure. Additionally, many downregulated genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to cardiac muscle contraction and calcium signaling, leading to impaired gill musculature contraction and reduced oxygen uptake under hypoxic conditions. Key signal transduction pathways, including HIF- 1, Apelin, and MAPK signaling, were identified as critical pathways in response to hypoxia. Furthermore, hypoxia tended to suppress the immune system and disrupted endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and protein processing in the gills of silver pomfret. In summary, this study demonstrates that hypoxia disrupts gill function in silver pomfret and provides insights into hypoxia adaptation mechanisms in teleosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Releasing stored lipids to fuel migration and reproduction in the eel, Anguilla australis-a role for 11-ketotestosterone?","authors":"P Mark Lokman, Deborah Lynch, Peter S Davie, Erin L Damsteegt","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01480-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-025-01480-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migrating freshwater eels depend on the mobilisation of stored lipids to successfully arrive at their distant spawning locations. As 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) can increase the lipid-transporting capability and enhance gonadal lipid uptake in eel, we hypothesized that this androgen would also regulate lipid mobilisation from its stores. To address this hypothesis, we first sampled residential (yellow) and migrating (silver) short-finned eels from the wild and evaluated the expression of 24 genes encoding lipolytic or lipogenic enzymes, as well as those encoding both nuclear androgen receptors, by NanoString analysis. Plasma 11KT levels in silver eels were dramatically increased, and mRNA levels of more than half of all target genes were higher in silver eel muscle; none of the target genes was significantly downregulated. Gene expression profiles in white muscle from wild-caught eels were subsequently compared with those from yellow and silver eels subjected to implantation with sustained-release implants containing 11KT. Several weeks of exposure resulted in plasma levels of 11KT that resembled those of wild-caught eels and resulted in a dose-dependent increase in gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic index; however, target gene expression profiles in muscle were barely affected. We conclude that lipid physiology in white muscle of silver eels is notably different from that in yellow eels, and that 11KT is not responsible for the differentially expressed gene profile between yellow and silver short-finned eels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ability of dietary essential oils to mitigate nickel-induced growth retardation, immune-antioxidant suppression, and endoplasmic reticulum stress activation in Nile tilapia.","authors":"Shaimaa A A Ahmed, Ghada I Abd El-Rahman, Haiam A Mohammed, Samar A Abdo, Mohamed Y M Aly, Hala Elshahat Ghannam, Fatma Mahsoub, Tarek Khamis, Rowida E Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01482-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-025-01482-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish immunity is significantly impacted by waterborne metal intoxication. Nickel is a ubiquitous metal in aquatic bodies which badly impacts fish immune responses and survival. In the current research, we looked into the possible protective effects of essential oils of tea tree (TTO) and basil (BEO) against nickel exposure in Nile tilapia, or Oreochromis niloticus. To achieve this, 240 Nile tilapia (27.92 ± 0.22 g) were categorized into six groups for 45 days; three groups were fed on basal control, TTO, and BEO diets without Ni exposure. The other three groups were subjected to Ni at a level of 3.6 mg/L and fed on basal, TTO, and BEO diets. The outcomes showed a substantial decrease in the growth measures and survival % in the Ni-exposed fish. Oxidative stress (higher splenic malondialdehyde and lower splenic catalase, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase), immune suppression (lower serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, and nitric oxide), and elevated serum cortisol levels were observed in the Ni-intoxicated group. The Ni-intoxicated group exhibited various pathological alterations detected in the intestinal tissue mainly inflammatory and necrotic changes, moreover, moderate depletion of lymphoid elements represented by necrotic lymphocytes in the splenic tissue. Ni-exposure induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through up-regulation of the splenic expression of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, activating transcription factor 6, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, X-box binding protein 1, α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2, inositol-requiring kinase 1a, mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-JunN-terminal kinase, and binding protein for immunoglobulins. Feeding on the TTO and BEO diets improved the growth measures, survival, and antioxidant capacity. Immunomodulation, enhancement of the intestinal and splenic architecture, and relief of the endoplasmic reticulum stress condition were noticed when the Ni-intoxicant groups were fed on TTO and BEO diets. Overall, the effect of the TTO diet was more pronounced than the BEO diet in mitigating the negative consequences of Ni-intoxication in Nile tilapia. Dietary fortification of 0.1% TTO and/or 0.1% BEO is recommended during Ni exposure in aquaculture practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating transcriptomic resources in the teleost fish black cusk-eel (Genypterus maculatus) to evaluate thermal stress in the liver under a climate change scenario.","authors":"Phillip Dettleff, Marcia Fuentes, Pamela Gonzalez, Jorge Aedo, Rodrigo Zuloaga, Juan Manuel Estrada, Alfredo Molina, Juan Antonio Valdes","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01486-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-025-01486-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The black cusk-eel (Genypterus maculatus) is a native fish that is relevant for traditional Chilean fisheries and has aquaculture potential. However, the genomic information and the biological knowledge related to the effect of thermal stress response are limited. This study generated the first de novo transcriptome assembly of the liver of G. maculatus and investigated the hepatic response to thermal stress in the G. maculatus. The de novo assembly resulted in 26,620 annotated transcripts, with an N50 of 2297, and a GC% of 49.76%. BUSCO analysis showed 97.1% and 75.7% complete orthologous (Metazoa and Actinopterygi, respectively). Functional annotation showed a total of 55,556 GO terms, with 26,128 annotations on biological process, 15,225 annotations on molecular functions, and 14,213 annotations on cellular component. The RNA-seq analysis revealed 94 differentially expressed transcripts in response to thermal stress, with 64 downregulated and 30 upregulated transcripts. The enrichment analysis showed biological processes related to double-strand break repair via homologous recombination, reciprocal meiotic recombination, and DNA repair. A significant increase in cortisol levels with no significant difference activity of hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST, AP) due to thermal stress was observed. Also, an increase in DNA damage (AP sites formation) and lipid peroxidation (HNE protein adducts) in the liver due to thermal stress was observed. The differentially expressed transcripts were validated using qPCR, confirming the RNA-seq results. The findings provide valuable genomic information for G. maculatus and highlight the physiological and molecular responses to thermal stress in the species under the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a remote monitoring system for stress response in fish from a physiological and behavioral perspective.","authors":"Yusuke Horiguchi, Haiyun Wu, Masataka Murata, Haruto Matsumoto, Hitoshi Ohnuki, Hideaki Endo","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01488-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-025-01488-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our laboratory, we have been actively investigating the physiological responses of free-swimming Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute stress. One of the crucial indicators we monitored was the fluctuation in fish blood glucose levels. To achieve this, we have implemented a wireless biosensor system designed to measure glucose concentration within the fish eyeball interstitial sclera fluid. In this study, in addition to glucose concentration, we have incorporated a triaxial acceleration sensor onto the fish to track its movements and acceleration patterns. This multi-faceted approach enables us to simultaneously assess the stress response and physical activity of the fish under various stressors. Our study specifically focuses on stressors such as ammonia exposure and social interactions among individuals. Remarkably, our findings have revealed intriguing insights into the fish's stress response. While the biosensor consistently recorded an increase in glucose levels in response to all stressors, the triaxial acceleration sensor data exhibited distinct patterns of behavior during each stressor application. This variance in acceleration data suggests that the fish's response to different stressors is not uniform and can be differentiated through their movement patterns. This novel and integrated approach, merging biosensor technology with triaxial acceleration measurements, holds immense promise in shedding light on the nuanced intricacies of fish physiology and biochemistry. It opens new vistas for comprehending how these aquatic creatures cope with acute stressors and adapt to their ever-changing environments, ultimately contributing to the broader body of knowledge in the field of fish physiology and biochemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salt tolerance performance and associated gene analysis of three tilapia species (strains).","authors":"Jie Yu, Dayu Li, Jinglin Zhu, Zhiying Zou, Wei Xiao, Binglin Chen, Hong Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01489-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-025-01489-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adaptation of fish to salinity is related to a series of life activities such as fish survival, growth, and reproduction. Tilapia is considered to be an euryhaline fish. In the present study, we comparatively analyzed the salt tolerance of three tilapia species (strains) representative in Chinese aquaculture, using 60 days' growth experiments followed by examination of blood physiological and biochemical indicators, and expression of genes associated with salt tolerance and growth. In this study, the tilapia can grow well in saltwater with salinity up to 25‰ after specific acclimation. Among them, the weight gain rate of the genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, GIFT) in the saltwater group was the highest, reaching 189.7%, which was higher than that in freshwater group, and the same was true for Blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus, OA), and only the weight gain rate of the Nile tilapia Egypt strain (Oreochromis niloticus, ON) freshwater group is higher than that in the saltwater group. However, the survival of all three tilapia species (strains) in saltwater decreased, with the OA being the highest and the GIFT being the lowest. The results of blood biochemical analysis showed that the nutrient consumption and organ damage of the three tilapia species (strains) were different when they were subjected to long-term salinity stress. The analysis of differences in physiological and biochemical parameters (GLU, ALT, SOD, TC, GH) among three tilapia species (strains) under saltwater and freshwater conditions suggests a preliminary conclusion regarding their salt tolerance hierarchy: OA > GIFT > ON. The results of related gene expression supported the above conclusions. Our study provides an improved understanding of salt tolerance in tilapia and breeding of salt-tolerant tilapia species.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary grape seed extract mitigated growth retardation, hormonal delay, and gastrointestinal toxicity induced by insecticide imidacloprid in Nile tilapia.","authors":"Nadia A El-Fahla, Heba M A Abdelrazek, Alyaa S Fouad, Seham A Helmy, Mohamed T A Soliman, Lobna A Badawy, Nahla S El-Shenawy","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01475-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-025-01475-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overusing the insecticide imidacloprid (IMD) in agriculture has led to its presence in water bodies, causing serious environmental issues and fish toxicity. This study explored the potential benefits of grape seed extract (GSE) in mitigating IMD-induced growth and hormonal and gastrointestinal toxicity in Nile tilapia. A total of 240 healthy juvenile tilapias Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus), weighing an average of 11.44 ± 2.01 g at 2 weeks of age, were divided equally into four groups, each with three replicates. The control group received no special treatment, while the second group was given a diet containing 2% GSE^®. The third group was exposed to 1.5 µg IMD per liter of water. The fourth group was subjected to the same IMD exposure and fed a diet containing 2% GSE^®. These treatments were administered continuously for 75 days. Growth indices, survival rate, biochemical parameters, and digestive enzymes were measured. In addition, the growth-related hormones, intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated. Histological evaluations were conducted on the stomach, duodenum, ileum, and hepatopancreas, alongside body composition analysis. Exposure to IMD delayed growth, impaired serum biochemistry and digestive enzyme activity, altered body composition, obstructed hormonal responses, decreased CAT activity, and increased intestinal MDA. All tissues exhibited signs of degradation. Combining dietary GSE^® with IMD improved the former parameters affected by IMD. In conclusion, research suggests that incorporating GSE^® into the diet may help reduce the adverse effects of IMD exposure on Nile tilapia, presenting a promising opportunity to address the environmental impacts of insecticide contamination in aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening the effects of phytoestrogens on lipid metabolism in primary cultured adipocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).","authors":"Sara Balbuena-Pecino, Natàlia Riera-Heredia, Albert Sánchez-Moya, Miquel Perelló-Amorós, Joaquim Gutiérrez, Encarnación Capilla, Isabel Navarro","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01483-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10695-025-01483-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aquafeed formulation has progressively reduced its dependence on fish-derived ingredients over the past decades. Plant-based substitutes have been a major focus, with soybean meal and its derivatives leading the way. However, many plants contain phytoestrogens, which may affect fish physiology. This study aimed to assess in vitro the effects of genistein (GE), daidzein (DZN), glycitein (GLY), and coumestrol (COU) on the lipid metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Primary cultured adipocytes were incubated with these phytoestrogens, along with 17β-estradiol, at two doses each (1, 10, or 100 μM). The 100 μM dose of GE and DZN decreased adipocyte viability, and mainly enhanced lipid accumulation in both species, suggesting a hypertrophic condition. However, the reduction in adipocyte number and lipid content with 100 μM DZN in rainbow trout indicated a limiting effect on adipose tissue growth in this species. Interestingly, COU significantly increased cell viability in gilthead sea bream, potentially leading to hyperplastic growth, a more favorable metabolic state. In that species, which proved to be more phytoestrogens-sensitive, lipoprotein lipase was generally downregulated upon treatments. Moreover, 10 µM GE significantly decreased the mRNA levels of fatty acid transport protein 1 and fatty acid synthase, and increased those of fatty acid binding protein 1, suggesting an acceleration of the differentiation process compared to the control cells. This work provides new insights into how dietary phytoestrogens modulate fish lipid metabolism and supports that their presence in plant protein feedstuffs can potentially affect fish health and production performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant activity of Mentha piperita phenolics on arsenic induced oxidative stress, biochemical alterations, and cyto-genotoxicity in fish, Channa punctatus.","authors":"Shraddha Dwivedi, Sunil P Trivedi, Kamlesh K Yadav, Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10695-025-01484-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-025-01484-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aims to investigate the synergistic antioxidant effects of the phenolics present in Mentha piperita (MP) against arsenic trioxide-induced oxidative stress, biochemical alteration, and cyto-genotoxicity in the fish, Channa punctatus. The phenolic composition of MP estimated by HPLC-PDA analysis reveals the presence of phenolics, viz., ascorbic acid (Rt = 2.763 min.), rutin (Rt = 12.597 min.), caffeic acid (Rt = 18.304 min.), quercetin (Rt = 26.731 min.), luteolin (Rt = 42.709 min.), and hesperetin (Rt = 49.525 min.). The experimental setup consists of four groups (G1-G4) with a density of 12 fish in each. The fishes in G1 served as the control group, whereas the fishes in G2 were exposed to 81.73 mg/L of As₂O₃. Fish in group G3 were subjected to 8 mg/L MP, whereas those in group G4 were treated to 8 mg/L MP plus 81.73 mg/L As₂O₃. The result showed a significantly (p < 0.05) increased GOT and GPT level, increased oxidative stress markers, SOD and CAT, and induction in cyto-genotoxic markers, viz., disintegrated nucleus (DN), microcyte (MC), echinocyte (EC), and nucleoplasmic bridges (NpBs). A significant (p < 0.05) decreased GSH level in the arsenic-exposed group for all exposure periods was observed. However, in G4, all parameters reduced significantly (p < 0.05) more than in G2. The results suggest that the phenolics present in MP are synergistically able to reduce arsenic-induced oxidative damages by improving antioxidant defence, thus improving fish health status.</p>","PeriodicalId":12274,"journal":{"name":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"51 2","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}