Experimental Brain Research最新文献_第2页

Visual categorisation of images of familiar objects based on their authenticity: an fMRI study.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06989-3

Grace A Gabriel, Cristina Simões-Franklin, Georgia O'Callaghan, John Stapleton, Fiona N Newell

{"title":"Visual categorisation of images of familiar objects based on their authenticity: an fMRI study.","authors":"Grace A Gabriel, Cristina Simões-Franklin, Georgia O'Callaghan, John Stapleton, Fiona N Newell","doi":"10.1007/s00221-024-06989-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00221-024-06989-3","url":null,"abstract":"Under most circumstances, we can rely visual information to quickly and accurately discriminate \"real\" objects (e.g., fresh fruit) from \"fake\" objects (e.g., plastic fruit). It is unclear, however, whether this distinction is made early along the ventral visual stream when basic object features such as colour (e.g., primary visual cortex; V1) and texture (e.g., collateral sulcus; COS) are being processed, or whether information regarding object authenticity is extracted in later visual or memory regions (e.g., perirhinal cortex, lateral occipital cortex). To examine this question, participants were placed in an fMRI scanner, and presented with 300 objects photographed in colour or greyscale. Half of the objects were fake, and the other half were real. The participant's task was to categorise each image as presenting either a real or fake object. Broadly, our analyses revealed significant activation in CoS when participants categorised real objects, particularly when they were presented in colour. We also observed activation in V1 for coloured objects, particularly real ones. These results suggest that our seemingly intuitive ability to rapidly discriminate real from fake objects occurs at the early stages of visual processing, such as when the brain is extracting surface-feature information like texture (CoS) or colour (V1). Future studies could consider the time course of these neural events and probe the importance of cross-modal (e.g., audition and haptic) information underpinning feature extraction for distinguishing real from fake objects.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptual decoupling in the sustained attention to response task is likely: comment on Bedi, Russell, & Helton (2024).

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07032-9

Shivang Shelat, Barry Giesbrecht

{"title":"Perceptual decoupling in the sustained attention to response task is likely: comment on Bedi, Russell, & Helton (2024).","authors":"Shivang Shelat, Barry Giesbrecht","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07032-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-025-07032-9","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work by Bedi et al. (Experimental Brain Research 242(8):2033-2040, 2024) posits that perceptual decoupling in the sustained attention to response task (SART) is unlikely. In this commentary, we challenge their broad titular claim by revisiting two important studies: Smallwood et al. (Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20(3):45, 2008) and deBettencourt et al. (Nature Human Behaviour 3(8):808-816, 2019). These studies demonstrate that lapses in attention during the SART are associated with degraded neural responses and impaired memory encoding. Diminished P300 amplitudes during commission errors and periods of mind-wandering suggest that external perceptual processing is compromised when attention shifts inward. Moreover, recent methodological innovations that integrate real-time monitoring of attentional state have provided evidence of perceptual decoupling in the SART using an interleaved working memory task. Our review is meant to reaffirm the task's value in studying sustained attention, mind-wandering, and perceptual decoupling. We argue that existing evidence supports a conjecture that perceptual decoupling in the SART is likely, and that valuable new methods allow us to pivot away from commission errors as a behavioral proxy for lapsing attention.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of sport-related concussion history on standing balance during upper limb movements under varying attentional demands.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07036-5

Megan Trotman, Jonathan Smirl, Jill Dierijck, Michael Kennefick, Paul van Donkelaar, Brian H Dalton

{"title":"The influence of sport-related concussion history on standing balance during upper limb movements under varying attentional demands.","authors":"Megan Trotman, Jonathan Smirl, Jill Dierijck, Michael Kennefick, Paul van Donkelaar, Brian H Dalton","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07036-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-025-07036-5","url":null,"abstract":"Sport-related concussions can influence athletic performance and everyday function. We implemented a dual-task paradigm whereby perturbed reaching while standing was combined with a simple reaction-time task. The purpose was to explore how concussion history influences balance control with and without external arm perturbations under varying attentional demands. Male athletes with no previous concussions (Hx0; n = 16; 19.3 ± 1.6 years) or history of two or more concussions (Hx2+; n = 16; 19.5 ± 1.8 years) participated. Participants reached to visual targets with their dominant hand and received randomly interspersed perturbations, performed either in isolation or simultaneously with a button press task with the non-dominant hand. Assessments included center of pressure (COP) parameters, hand movement reaction time and kinematics, and button-press reaction time. Participants with multiple concussions exhibited larger peak COP displacements and velocities than those with none. Compared to single task, the dual task increased cognitive processing and divided attention for both groups, demonstrated by slower button press and reaching reaction times, reduced anteroposterior hand velocity, and increased mediolateral hand displacement and velocity. Athletes with a concussion history likely have worse balance control, possibly owing to sensorimotor processing deficits or increased neural time delays leading to a subsequent reduction in motor activation. Because COP responses were overall maintained during the dual task, attentional resources were likely allocated towards maintaining balance control at the expense of upper limb performance.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Active touch in tactile perceptual discrimination: brain activity and behavioral responses to surface differences.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07034-7

Håkan Fischer, Elizabeth S Collier, Amirhossein Manzouri, Kathryn L Harris, Lisa Skedung, Mark W Rutland

{"title":"Active touch in tactile perceptual discrimination: brain activity and behavioral responses to surface differences.","authors":"Håkan Fischer, Elizabeth S Collier, Amirhossein Manzouri, Kathryn L Harris, Lisa Skedung, Mark W Rutland","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07034-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00221-025-07034-7","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the neural and behavioral mechanisms of tactile perceptual discrimination using fMRI and a set of wrinkled surface stimuli with varying textures. Fifteen female participants were tasked with distinguishing between different surfaces by touch alone. Behavioral results demonstrated variable discriminability across conditions, reflecting the tactile sensitivity of human fingertips. Neural analysis showed varied brain activations tied to the task's difficulty. In the easiest least fine-grained discrimination condition, widespread activations were observed across sensory and integration regions. As task difficulty increased, stronger parietal and frontal lobe involvement reflected higher cognitive demands. In the hardest most fine-grained discrimination condition, activation concentrated in the right frontal lobe, indicating reliance on executive functions. These results highlight the brain's intricate role in processing sensory information during tactile discrimination tasks of varying difficulty. As task difficulty increases, the brain adapts by engaging additional neural resources to meet higher cognitive demands. This research advances our understanding of the psychophysical and neural bases of tactile discrimination acuity, with practical implications for designing materials that enhance tactile feedback.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic modulations of effective brain connectivity associated with postural instability during multi-joint compound movement on compliant surface.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07039-2

Tim Lehmann, Anton Visser, Tim Havers, Daniel Büchel, Jochen Baumeister

{"title":"Dynamic modulations of effective brain connectivity associated with postural instability during multi-joint compound movement on compliant surface.","authors":"Tim Lehmann, Anton Visser, Tim Havers, Daniel Büchel, Jochen Baumeister","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07039-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00221-025-07039-2","url":null,"abstract":"Random fluctuations in somatosensory signals affect the ability of effectively coordinating multimodal information pertaining to the postural state during movement. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of a compliant surface on cortico-cortical causal information flow during multi-joint compound movements. Fifteen healthy adults (7 female / 8 male, 25.9 ± 4.0 years) performed 5 × 20 repetitions of bodyweight squats on firm and compliant surface. Motor behavior was quantified by center of pressure (CoP) displacements, hip movement and the root mean square of the rectus femoris activity. Using source space analysis, renormalized partial directed coherence (rPDC) computed subject-level multivariate effective brain connectivity of sensorimotor nodes. Bootstrap statistics revealed significantly decreased medio-lateral CoP displacement (p < 0.001), significantly increased velocity of medio-lateral hip motion (p < 0.001) as well as significantly lower rectus femoris activity (p < 0.01) in the compliant surface condition. On the cortical level, rPDC showed significantly modulated information flow in theta and beta frequencies for fronto-parietal edges (p < 0.01) only during the concentric phase of the movement. The compliant surface led to increased difficulties controlling hip but not center of pressure motion in the medio-lateral plane. Moreover, a decreased activation of the prime movers accompanied by modulations of effective brain connectivity among fronto-central nodes may point to altered demands on sensorimotor information processing in presence of sensory noise when performing bodyweight squats on compliant surface. Further studies are needed to evaluate a potential benefit for athletic and clinical populations.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive load affects gaze dynamics during real-world tasks.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07037-4

A P Martinez-Cedillo, N Gavrila, A Mishra, E Geangu, T Foulsham

{"title":"Cognitive load affects gaze dynamics during real-world tasks.","authors":"A P Martinez-Cedillo, N Gavrila, A Mishra, E Geangu, T Foulsham","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07037-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00221-025-07037-4","url":null,"abstract":"In everyday tasks, active gaze is used to gather information for the actions we perform. The cognitive resources required for such gaze control have rarely been investigated. We examined how a secondary cognitive load task would affect gaze during tea- and sandwich-making, everyday tasks which involve sequences of object-related actions (Hayhoe in Vis Cogn 7(1-3):43-64, 2000 and Land et al. in Perception 28(11):1311-1328, 1999). Participants performed these tasks while wearing a mobile eye-tracker, while also counting backwards by threes (high cognitive load) or by ones (low cognitive load). Our findings revealed that participants were slower in tasks and sub-tasks and exhibited more fixations on irrelevant objects in high-load than low-load conditions. Furthermore, the eye-hand span was reduced under high-load conditions, meaning that participants were less likely to look ahead of their manual actions. These findings reveal specific effects of cognitive load in realistic, everyday situations, and begin to shed light on the mechanisms behind gaze control in active tasks. These mechanisms are not resource-free.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visually induced motion sickness correlates with on-road car sickness while performing a visual task.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07020-z

Tugrul Irmak, Ksander N de Winkel, Riender Happee

{"title":"Visually induced motion sickness correlates with on-road car sickness while performing a visual task.","authors":"Tugrul Irmak, Ksander N de Winkel, Riender Happee","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07020-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00221-025-07020-z","url":null,"abstract":"Previous literature suggests that the motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire (MSSQ) is inadequate for prediction of motion sickness under naturalistic driving conditions. In this study, we investigated whether visually induced motion sickness using a virtual reality headset could be used as a quick and reliable way to predict participant susceptibility. We recruited 22 participants to complete a two-part experiment. In randomised order, we determined their susceptibility to visual motion sickness and their susceptibility to car sickness. To determine visual susceptibility, the visual scene was sequentially rotated at constant velocity around an earth-vertical yaw axis and rolled about the nasiooccipital axis, in 30 s intervals. Car sickness, on the other hand, was elicited under completely naturalistic conditions, being driven in the backseat of a car in the city of Delft, performing a visual task on a laptop. Sickness ratings were collected at regular intervals in both parts of the experiment. We found that the frequencies excited by naturalistic driving are very low, which has important consequences for motion sickness modelling and mitigation in automated vehicles. We found that individual car sickness correlated positively with visual motion sickness. This indicates that both are influenced by a common sickness susceptibility factor. Car sickness correlated similarly with visual motion sickness and MSSQ. Overall, our results indicate that combining measurements of sickness responses to a visual stimulus and MSSQ can yield a reliable method for determining individual sickness susceptibility. To this end the visual stimulus and the weighting with MSSQ responses can be refined using a much larger sample and considering additional visual conditions in driving.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Akt activator SC79 prevents impaired subsequent LTP in the hippocampus of hypothyroid rats.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07025-8

Burak Tan, Bilal Koşar, Buse Günaydın Türker, Oğuzhan Yaylalı, Seza Nur Suluhan, Cem Süer, Nurcan Dursun

引用次数: 0

Fundamental origins of neural tube defects with a basis in genetics and nutrition.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-07016-9

Anjusha Bhasker, Shobi Veleri

{"title":"Fundamental origins of neural tube defects with a basis in genetics and nutrition.","authors":"Anjusha Bhasker, Shobi Veleri","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-07016-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-025-07016-9","url":null,"abstract":"Neural tube defects (NTDs) are leading congenital malformations. Its global prevalence is one in 1000 pregnancies and it has high morbidity and mortality. It has multiple risk factors like genetic errors and environmental stressors like maternal malnutrition and in utero exposure to pollutants like chemicals. The genetic program determines neural tube development based on timely expression of many genes involved in developmental signaling pathways like BMP, PCP and SHH. BMP expression defines ectoderm. SOX represses BMP in ectoderm and convertes to the neuroectoderm. Subsequently, PCP molecules define the tissue patterning for convergent-extension, a critical step in neural tube genesis. Further, SHH sets spatial patterning of the neural tube. Nutrients are the essential major environmental input for embryogenesis. But it may also carry risk factors. Malnutrition, especially folate deficiency, during embryogenesis is a major cause for NTDs. Folate is integral in the One Carbon metabolic pathway. Its deficiency and error in the pathway are implicated in NTDs. Folate supplementation alone is insufficient to prevent NTDs. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the various risk factors is necessary to strategize reduction of NTDs. We review the current knowledge of various risk factors, like genetic, metabolic, nutritional, and drugs causing NTDs and discuss the steps required to identify them in the early embryogenesis to avoid NTDs.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of age on ankle joint position sense differs between contralateral matching and ipsilateral reproduction tasks.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Experimental Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-025-06999-9

A Theodosiadou, C Sahinis, A Papavasileiou, M Fabre, T Lapole, I G Amiridis, D A Patikas, S Baudry

{"title":"The effect of age on ankle joint position sense differs between contralateral matching and ipsilateral reproduction tasks.","authors":"A Theodosiadou, C Sahinis, A Papavasileiou, M Fabre, T Lapole, I G Amiridis, D A Patikas, S Baudry","doi":"10.1007/s00221-025-06999-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-025-06999-9","url":null,"abstract":"Ankle joint angle position sense (JPS) plays a crucial role in maintaining balance and coordinating movements, yet its changes across the lifespan remain unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate changes in ankle JPS across the lifespan using an ipsilateral reproduction task (IRT) and a contralateral concurrent matching task (CMT). One hundred and fifty eight individuals (6-92yrs) were allocated into 6 groups: Young-children (YC; n = 14) and Old-children (OC; n = 15), Young (Y: 19-39yrs; n = 33), Middle-aged (M: 40-59yrs; n = 41), Young-Old (YO: 60-5yrs; n = 24) and Old-Old (OO: >76yrs; n = 31) adults. The IRT consisted of reproducing a previously experienced ankle angle with the same limb. The CMT consisted of matching the passively held target ankle angle of one limb with the contralateral ankle. Both tests were performed blind-folded from 5° and 20° plantar flexion position to a 5° dorsiflexion target position. Error was expressed in absolute (AE) and constant (CE) values. In IRT, no difference was observed for AE and CE (p > 0.05) between groups, regardless of the initial position (5° or 20°). For the CMT, no age effect was observed for AE (p > 0.05), but children and older adults showed more positive (overestimation) and more negative (underestimation) CE, respectively, regardless of the initial position (p < 0.001). These results indicate that age affects the direction of the error (CE) rather than the magnitude of the error (AE), regardless of the angular range. They further suggest that CMT and CE could be more relevant when comparing ankle JPS between populations of different ages.","PeriodicalId":12268,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Brain Research","volume":"243 4","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0