{"title":"Size-optimized simvastatin-loaded TPGS modified lipid nanocapsules for targeting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of PTEN/AKT signaling.","authors":"Khaled Mahmoud, Mahmoud Teaima, Yasmeen Attia, Mohamed El-Nabarawi, Shady Swidan","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2216451","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2216451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Novel D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) modified lipid nanocapsules (LNC) were prepared with the aim of improving the effectiveness of simvastatin (SIM) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study, therefore, sought to investigate the effect of size-optimized SIM-loaded LNC on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC, providing insights on the implication of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (AKT) axis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two optimized SIM-loaded LNCs with particle sizes 25 nm (SIM-LNC25) and 50 nm (SIM-LNC50) were prepared and biodistribution studies were performed. The anticancer effect of the prepared LNC was evaluated both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. The anti-migratory potential and EMT suppression through PTEN/AKT axis modulation were also explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SIM-LNC50 was superior to SIM-LNC25 in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments, as evidenced by cytotoxicity assays, tumor histopathology, and enhanced apoptosis. SIM-LNC50 also alleviated the migratory potential of HCC cells. Moreover, EMT markers implied a transition of tumor cells toward the epithelial rather than the mesenchymal phenotype both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. PTEN/AKT axis modulation was also evident with SIM-LNC50.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study, therefore, suggests the efficacy of the 50 nm particles in SIM-loaded LNC in HCC by targeting EMT via modulating the PTEN/AKT signaling axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"703-719"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9679618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2205750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2023.2205750","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9703874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A technology evaluation of the Onyx Frontier drug-eluting stent.","authors":"Pier Pasquale Leone, Manaf Assafin, Andrea Scotti, Maday Gonzalez, Andrea Mignatti, Kathryn Dawson, Judah Rauch, Asma Khaliq, Dimitrios Bliagos, Azeem Latib","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2216449","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2216449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Onyx Frontier<sup>TM</sup> represents the latest iteration within the family of zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES), designed for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Approval by the Food and Drug Administration was granted in May 2022, and Conformité Européenne marking followed in August 2022.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We hereby review the principal design features of Onyx Frontier, highlighting differences and similarities with other currently available drug-eluting stents. In addition, we focus on the refinements of this newest platform as compared with previous ZES versions, including the attributes yielding its exceptional crossing profile and deliverability. The clinical implications related to both its newest and inherited characteristics will be discussed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The nuances of the latest Onyx Frontier, together with the continuous refinement previously witnessed throughout the development of ZES, lead to a latest generation device ideal for a diverse spectrum of clinical and anatomical scenarios. In particular, its peculiarities will be of benefit in the settings often offered by a progressively aging population, such as high bleeding risk patients and complex coronary lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"689-701"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9651055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of nanotechnology in the prolonged release of drugs by the subcutaneous route.","authors":"B Rama, A J Ribeiro","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2214362","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2214362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Subcutaneous physiology is distinct from other parenteral routes that benefit the administration of prolonged-release formulations. A prolonged-release effect is particularly convenient for treating chronic diseases because it is associated with complex and often prolonged posologies. Therefore, drug-delivery systems focused on nanotechnology are proposed as alternatives that can overcome the limitations of current therapeutic regimens and improve therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review presents an updated systematization of nanosystems, focusing on their applications in highly prevalent chronic diseases. Subcutaneous-delivered nanosystem-based therapies comprehensively summarize nanosystems, drugs, and diseases and their advantages, limitations, and strategies to increase their translation into clinical applications. An outline of the potential contribution of quality-by-design (QbD) and artificial intelligence (AI) to the pharmaceutical development of nanosystems is presented.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Although recent academic research and development (R&D) advances in the subcutaneous delivery of nanosystems have exhibited promising results, pharmaceutical industries and regulatory agencies need to catch up. The lack of standardized methodologies for analyzing in vitro data from nanosystems for subcutaneous administration and subsequent in vivo correlation limits their access to clinical trials. There is an urgent need for regulatory agencies to develop methods that faithfully mimic subcutaneous administration and specific guidelines for evaluating nanosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"559-577"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platelets for advanced drug delivery in cancer.","authors":"Daniel Cacic, Tor Hervig, Håkon Reikvam","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2217378","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2217378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer-related drug expenses are rising with the increasing cancer incidence and cost may represent a severe challenge for drug access for patients with cancer. Consequently, strategies for increasing therapeutic efficacy of already available drugs may be essential for the future health-care system.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>In this review, we have investigated the potential for the use of platelets as drug-delivery systems. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant papers written in English and published up to January 2023. Papers were included at the authors' discretion to reflect an overview of state of the art.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>It is known that cancer cells interact with platelets to gain functional advantages including immune evasion and metastasis development. This platelet-cancer interaction has been the inspiration for numerous platelet-based drug delivery systems using either drug-loaded or drug-bound platelets, or platelet membrane-containing hybrid vesicles combining platelet membranes with synthetic nanocarriers. Compared to treatment with free drug or synthetic drug vectors, these strategies may improve pharmacokinetics and selective cancer cell targeting. There are multiple studies showing improved therapeutic efficacy using animal models, however, no platelet-based drug delivery systems have been tested in humans, meaning the clinical relevance of this technology remains uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"673-688"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10024875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation, thermal response mechanisms and biomedical applications of thermosensitive hydrogels for drug delivery.","authors":"Jinlong Luo, Xin Zhao, Baolin Guo, Yong Han","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2217377","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2217377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug treatment is one of the main ways of coping with disease today. For the disadvantages of drug management, thermosensitive hydrogel is used as a countermeasure, which can realize the simple sustained release of drugs and the controlled release of drugs in complex physiological environments.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This paper talks about thermosensitive hydrogels that can be used as drug carriers. The common preparation materials, material forms, thermal response mechanisms, characteristics of thermosensitive hydrogels for drug release and main disease treatment applications are reviewed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>When thermosensitive hydrogels are used as drug loading and delivery platforms, desired drug release patterns and release profiles can be tailored by selecting raw materials, thermal response mechanisms, and material forms. The properties of hydrogels prepared from synthetic polymers will be more stable than natural polymers. Integrating multiple thermosensitive mechanisms or different kinds of thermosensitive mechanisms on the same hydrogel is expected to realize the spatiotemporal differential delivery of multiple drugs under temperature stimulation. The industrial transformation of thermosensitive hydrogels as drug delivery platforms needs to meet some important conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"641-672"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10007898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margaret Bohmer, Yonger Xue, Katarina Jankovic, Yizhou Dong
{"title":"Advances in engineering and delivery strategies for cytokine immunotherapy.","authors":"Margaret Bohmer, Yonger Xue, Katarina Jankovic, Yizhou Dong","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2208344","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2208344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cytokine immunotherapy is a growing field for the treatment of cancer, infectious disease, autoimmunity, and other ailments. Therapeutic cytokines are a class of secreted, small proteins that play a pivotal role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune system by provoking or mitigating immune responses. In the clinic, cytokines are frequently combined with other treatments, such as small molecules and monoclonal antibodies. However, the clinical translation of cytokine therapies is hindered by their short half-life, pleiotropic nature, and off-target effects, which cause diminished efficacy and severe systemic toxicity. Such toxicity limits dosage, thus resulting in suboptimal doses. Accordingly, numerous efforts have been devoted to exploring strategies to promote cytokine therapies by improving their tissue specificity and pharmacokinetics.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Preclinical and clinical research into bioengineering and delivery strategies for cytokines, consisting of bioconjugation, fusion proteins, nanoparticles, and scaffold-based systems.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>These approaches pave the way for the development of next-generation cytokine treatments with greater clinical benefit and reduced toxicity, circumventing such issues currently associated with cytokine therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"579-595"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10330431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianfeng Zhou, Pu Wang, Deng-Guang Yu, Yuanjie Zhu
{"title":"Biphasic drug release from electrospun structures.","authors":"Jianfeng Zhou, Pu Wang, Deng-Guang Yu, Yuanjie Zhu","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2210834","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2210834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Biphasic release, as a special drug-modified release profile that combines immediate and sustained release, allows fast therapeutic action and retains blood drug concentration for long periods. Electrospun nanofibers, particularly those with complex nanostructures produced by multi-fluid electrospinning processes, are potential novel biphasic drug delivery systems (DDSs).</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review summarizes the most recent developments in electrospinning and related structures. In this review, the role of electrospun nanostructures in biphasic drug release was comprehensively explored. These electrospun nanostructures include monolithic nanofibers obtained through single-fluid blending electrospinning, core-shell and Janus nanostructures prepared via bifluid electrospinning, three-compartment nanostructures obtained via trifluid electrospinning, nanofibrous assemblies obtained through the layer-by-layer deposition of nanofibers, and the combined structure of electrospun nanofiber mats with casting films. The strategies and mechanisms through which complex structures facilitate biphasic release were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Electrospun structures can provide many strategies for the development of biphasic drug release DDSs. However, many issues such as the scale-up productions of complex nanostructures, the in vivo verification of the biphasic release effects, keeping pace with the developments of multi-fluid electrospinning, drawing support from the state-of-the-art pharmaceutical excipients, and the combination with traditional pharmaceutical methods need to be addressed for real applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"621-640"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9703919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unification of medicines and excipients: The roles of natural excipients for promoting drug delivery.","authors":"Minfang Feng, Xingxing Dai, Cuiting Yang, Yingying Zhang, Yuting Tian, Qingsong Qu, Mengke Sheng, Zhixun Li, Xinhui Peng, Shuai Cen, Xinyuan Shi","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2210835","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2210835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug delivery systems (DDSs) formed by natural active compounds be instrumental in developing new green excipients and novel DDS from natural active compounds (NACs). 'Unification of medicines and excipients'(UME), the special inherent nature of the natural active compounds, provides the inspiration and conduction to achieve this goal.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review summarizes the typical types of NACs from herbal medicine, such as saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc. that act as excipients and their main application in DDS. The comparison of the drug delivery systems formed by NACs and common materials and the primary formation mechanisms of these NACs are also introduced to provide a deepened understanding of their performance in DDS.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Many natural bioactive compounds, such as saponins, polysaccharides, etc. have been used in DDS. Diversity of structure and pharmacological effects of NACs turn out the unique advantages in improving the performance of DDSs like targeting ability, adhesion, encapsulation efficiency(EE), etc. and enhancing the bioavailability of loaded drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 5","pages":"597-620"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9704416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong Jiang, Karina Marie Gonzalez, Leyla Estrella Cordova, Jianqin Lu
{"title":"Nanotechnology-enabled gene delivery for cancer and other genetic diseases.","authors":"Tong Jiang, Karina Marie Gonzalez, Leyla Estrella Cordova, Jianqin Lu","doi":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2200246","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17425247.2023.2200246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite gene therapy is ideal for genetic abnormality-related diseases, the easy degradation, poor targeting, and inefficiency in entering targeted cells are plaguing the effective delivery of gene therapy. Viral and non-viral vectors have been used for delivering gene therapeutics in vivo by safeguarding nucleic acid agents to target cells and to reach the specific intracellular location. A variety of nanotechnology-enabled safe and efficient systems have been successfully developed to improve the targeting ability for effective therapeutic delivery of genetic drugs.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>In this review, we outline the multiple biological barriers associated with gene delivery process, and highlight recent advances to gene therapy strategy in vivo, including gene correction, gene silencing, gene activation and genome editing. We point out current developments and challenges exist of non-viral and viral vector systems in association with chemical and physical gene delivery technologies and their potential for the future.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>This review focuses on the opportunities and challenges to various gene therapy strategy, with specific emphasis on overcoming the challenges through the development of biocompatibility and smart gene vectors for potential clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12229,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery","volume":"20 4","pages":"523-540"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10164135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9449642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}