Family practice最新文献

{"title":"Can the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) be used to predict liver fibrosis risk instead of the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4)?","authors":"Mehmet Yildiz, Çağla Yiğitbaş, Ahmed Cihad Genç, Fevziye Türkoğlu Genç, Enes Zafer, Ali Muhtaroğlu, Berkan Acar, Sefer Aslan, Ersin Kuloğlu, Kubilay İşsever","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>FINDRISC is a non-invasive, easy-to-use, and free screening tool developed to estimate the 10-year risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether FINDRISC can also predict liver fibrosis risk, as measured by the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) in individuals without a diagnosis of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1329 adults aged ≥18 years without prior T2DM, based on records from a Family Health Center in Turkey. The FINDRISC results used in T2DM screening were analyzed retrospectively from patient records. FINDRISC scores were calculated from questionnaire results, and FIB-4 was derived from laboratory data (age, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, platelet count). Chi-square, correlation, and regression analyses were performed, adjusting for gender, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and marital status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean FINDRISC scores and FIB-4 were 11.88 ± 6.22 and 1.01 ± 0.80, respectively. Higher FINDRISC categories were associated with older age, female sex, non-smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. A moderate positive correlation was observed between FINDRISC and FIB-4 (rho = 0.427, P < 0.001). In multivariable regression, FINDRISC emerged as an independent predictor of FIB-4 (β = 0.250, P < 0.001), increasing model variance explained from 6.4% to 12.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FINDRISC, beyond its established role in T2DM risk stratification, may serve as a dual, non-invasive, and free screening tool to identify individuals at increased risk of liver fibrosis. Thanks to its simplicity and self-administered nature, individuals can easily complete the questionnaire at home, enabling early diagnosis of both T2DM and liver fibrosis risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147304292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early detection of low lean mass in adults using machine learning: a primary care-oriented approach.","authors":"Maximiliano Ezequiel Arlettaz, Stefano Staurini, Camila Ormaechea, María Fernanda González, Laura R Aballay","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low lean mass (LLM) is a key determinant of morbidity and mortality, particularly in older adults. Although dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for assessment, its high cost and limited availability hinder widespread screening.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop and evaluate machine learning (ML) models for predicting LLM using easily obtainable demographic and clinical features, based on a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2011-2014, focusing on young and middle-aged adults (18-59 years).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LLM was defined using DXA-derived appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted for BMI (ASM/BMI) based on the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria. Six ML algorithms-Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, LightGBM, XGBoost, and Support Vector Machine-were trained using age, gender, height, weight, and handgrip strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 6045 participants, 7% had LLM. The XGBoost model achieved an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92-0.96), an F1-score of 0.54, sensitivity of 46%, and specificity of 98%. Although XGBoost showed the highest numerical F1-score, bootstrap comparisons indicated no statistically significant differences in F1-score across models. In contrast, XGBoost demonstrated significantly higher discrimination than the Decision Tree model according to DeLong's test. All algorithms showed high specificity (>98%) and accuracy (>94%), with markedly variable sensitivity (35%-48%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Machine learning models using simple and low-cost predictors can estimate the probability of LLM with acceptable discrimination. The proposed model may assist primary care clinicians in risk stratification once externally validated. Further work is needed to establish operational thresholds and evaluate real-world clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I clearly have some wiring that's not quite right\" how general practitioners with lived experience of burnout describe personal factors related to their burnout: a qualitative study using in-depth interviews.","authors":"I O Whitehead, B Hanratty","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the personal factors that burned out GPs feel could have predisposed them to their burnout.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Secondary analysis of in-depth qualitative interviews with 16 UK GPs with \"lived experience\" of burnout.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>United Kingdom Primary Care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven male and nine female GPs described the personal characteristics and experiences they believed contributed to their burnout. Themes identified were perfectionism; neurodivergence specifically likely autism; past trauma, including childhood trauma; and a sense of \"imposter syndrome\". Participants were articulate and self-aware in the multifactorial causes of burnout, as well as their personal strengths. They identified longstanding traits that could increase vulnerability to burnout, they were often linked with empathy, conscientiousness, and commitment to patient care. Despite the challenges described, participants demonstrated resilience and a strong vocational identity as GPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Burnout among GPs arises from complex interactions between personal and systemic factors. Traits such as perfectionism, neurodivergence, and prior trauma were described by participants as shaping vulnerability to burnout, while also underpinning the empathy and dedication valued in general practice. Recognizing and supporting, rather than pathologising, these vulnerabilities could help reduce stigma and enable earlier, more effective support. A systems-based approach that acknowledges the humanity of doctors is essential to sustaining a healthy, compassionate workforce. Further research should explore how best to support neurodivergent GPs and those with histories of trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147591064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-psycho-social situations suitable for the use of teleconsultation in general practice: a doctor-patient mirror study.","authors":"A Mottais, R Tahir, L Assuied, A Astruc, Y Ruelle","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmaf095","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmaf095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Few studies on teleconsultation (TC) have focused on comparing the points of view of general practitioners (GPs) and patients.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore bio-psycho-social situations suitable for TC according to GPs and patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study, with thematic analysis, was conducted. Data were collected through individual, semi-directed face-to-face or remote interviews with GPs and patients. The interview guide was validated by a steering committee that included patients. Maximum variation sampling of established GPs and patients was based on diversification criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen patients and eleven physicians were included in this study. The main condition for TC was a pre-established relationship of trust. It was used on an Ad hoc basis as an alternative to face-to-face consultations. Patients and GPs identified that the use of TC should be the result of a shared decision. Participants agreed on the situations in which the use of TC could be justified: to respond to one-off, specific requests, for benign reasons or reasons not requiring a physical examination. Patients considered their health experience and level of health literacy to be strong determinants of TC use. Participants noted the risk of TC widening certain inequalities in access to care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients and doctors have identified the same suitable situations and the need to respect certain prerequisites. TC seems appropriate when its use is the result of a prior shared decision between patient and GP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146156444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palliative and end-of-life care in people with and without intellectual disabilities in primary care: identification, survival time, and healthcare utilization.","authors":"Freya Tyrer, Joanne Miksza, Francesco Zaccardi, Clare L Gillies, Kamlesh Khunti, Erica Borgstrom, Elizabeth Tilley, Irene Tuffrey-Wijne","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on end-of-life care (EOLC) provision for people with intellectual disabilities in primary care is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of adults (18+ years) who died between 1 January 2010 and 31 March 2021 from linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink in England. Age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of comorbidities for people with and without IDs was compared by EOLC record assignment. Survival time and healthcare utilization after the first EOLC record was compared by ID status. Underlying cause of death was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1.1 million adults identified, 2147 (21.8%) with IDs and 313 847 (28.4%) without IDs (unadjusted) had an EOLC record. Among the ID population, those with an EOLC record had disproportionately higher prevalence of dysphagia [+6.5 percentage points (95% CI: 4.9, 8.1)] and dementia [+5.2 percentage points (3.9,6.7)] than those without an EOLC record. Survival after the first EOLC record was shorter for people with IDs compared to those without IDs: 26% [absolute risk: 0.26 (0.24, 0.28)] vs 16% [absolute risk: 0.16 (0.16, 0.17)] died within 7 days. Primary care and hospital utilization rates were also lower [incidence rate ratio 0.96 (0.84, 0.97) and 0.42 (0.41, 0.44), respectively]. The most common cause of death in the ID population was cancer (38% of all deaths) followed by chromosomal conditions (11%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EOLC needs in primary care appear to be identified later for people with IDs. Their primary and hospital healthcare utilization patterns are also lower, despite having unique and complex health needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13042290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147591003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security and privacy in e-health technologies: a scoping review of challenges and strategies in primary care.","authors":"Gökçe İşcan, Oğulcan Çöme","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid integration of e-health technologies-such as telehealth, mobile health (mHealth), and electronic health records-has transformed primary care delivery, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this transformation has revealed significant vulnerabilities in data privacy and security, particularly in decentralized and resource-limited primary care settings. This scoping review aims to map current evidence on privacy and security concerns related to e-health technologies in primary care and to identify mitigation strategies and research gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ACM, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2019 and 2024. Eligible studies addressed both privacy/security issues and e-health technology use in primary care. A two-stage screening process and full-text review were applied. Data were extracted and thematically synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-two studies were included. E-health technologies examined included teleconsultations, patient portals, digital decision support tools, and artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems. Among included studies, telehealth accounted for 28%, mHealth and wearables 20%, electronic health records 16%, and AI applications 6%. Common concerns involved data breaches, insufficient encryption, lack of interoperability, consent ambiguity, and challenges in securing virtual consultations. Vulnerable groups-such as older adults and low-literacy populations-faced higher risks. Recommended strategies included privacy-by-design principles, secure infrastructure, user-centered design, clearer governance policies, provider training, and hybrid care models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addressing privacy and security in e-health requires more than technical solutions. Equitable, safe, and trustworthy systems must incorporate legal, ethical, and human-centered approaches. In primary care, privacy must be positioned as a core element of digital health equity, not an optional enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consultation-based interventions to optimize medication adherence in primary care: a systematic review.","authors":"Caitriona Callan, Jadine Scragg, Richard Stevens, Laura Heath, Isabella De Vere Hunt, Anna Seeley, Alexandra Caulfield, Paul Aveyard","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of consultation-based interventions on adherence to primary or secondary preventative medications and clinical outcomes. We focused on consultation-based interventions suitable for primary care settings, without needing specific technologies, and with reasonable time requirements of clinicians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A database search was undertaken from 2015 onwards, supplemented by previous systematic reviews and citation-searching. Randomized trials targeting adults prescribed long-term medication for cardiovascular prevention, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic respiratory disease, or osteoporosis were included. Interventions had to meet a priori eligibility criteria for implementation feasibility in primary care. Two reviewers screened, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB2 tool. Adherence and clinical outcomes were assessed, with meta-analyses conducted using inverse variance heterogeneity methods and sensitivity analyses to explore heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>41 studies (n = 26 114) were included. Meta-analysis showed significant adherence improvements for T2DM [standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10 to 1.11] and chronic respiratory disease (SMD 0.22, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.38), but effects were not robust to sensitivity analyses. No significant adherence effects were observed for cardiovascular prevention nor osteoporosis. Interventions did not significantly improve clinical outcomes including systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, HbA1c (after sensitivity analyses), respiratory symptoms, or hospitalization. High heterogeneity and study-level risk of bias limited certainty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consultation-based interventions may modestly improve medication adherence in T2DM and chronic respiratory disease, but there is no robust evidence of clinical benefit, nor evidence of effectiveness in other conditions. Intervention feasibility is an important consideration for guiding future research and translating it into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13017097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is ageism among prescribers an influential factor in the management of depression in the elderly? A vignette-based study.","authors":"Amina Stolz, Julie Pluies, Setareh Ranjbar, Beatriz Pozuelo Moyano, Stéphane Mouchabac, Pierre Vandel, Stéphane Adam, Jean-Pierre Schuster","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The decision-making process, from diagnosing depression to treatment proposal, involves many interrelated factors. Patient age has been identified as a factor that influences care proposals. Our aim is to investigate the association between how prescribers perceive ageing and their decision-making when treating depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey of 57 physicians was conducted. The questionnaire collected socio-demographic data, and ageing semantic differential (ASD) scale to assess ageism. It also examined the reactions to treatment proposals in a clinical vignette about an 82-year-old woman with a single-episode depressive disorder of unspecified severity (mild or moderate). Physicians' reactions to two treatment options-antidepressant medication and psychotherapy-were assessed independently. For each option, participants could indicate whether they were in favor of initiation, against initiation, or had no opinion. Multiple linear regression was used to study the association between ASD and attitudes toward the initiation of antidepressant medication and psychotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prescribers' representations of ageing were significantly associated with their therapeutic decisions for late-life depression. When presented with the same clinical vignette, physicians showed substantial variability in treatment preferences. After adjustment, physicians in favor of initiating psychotherapy exhibited significantly more negative views of ageing compared with those opposed to this option. No significant association was observed between ageist attitudes and the decision to initiate antidepressant treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research underscores the complex role of ageism in medical decision-making and highlights the need for targeted training to mitigate its impact on late-life depression care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13017003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of person-centered primary care for caregivers on family caregiver burden in Japan: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Akihiro Ozaka, Sho Sasaki, Masashi Aida, Sayaka Shimizu, Tsukasa Kamitani, Sayaka Nishioka, Kazuhira Maehara, Shunichi Fukuhara","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caregiver burden represents a pressing public health challenge in aging societies. The quality of primary care may shape caregiver experiences, yet current evidence remains scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective(s): </strong>To examine the association between primary care quality and overall and domain-specific caregiver burden among family caregivers aged ≥60 years in Shirakawa City, Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study involving adults aged ≥60 years in Shirakawa City, Japan, as part of the 2023 Shirakawa Quality of Life (QOL) Project. The sample included 250 family caregivers who self-identified as providing care for a relative. Primary care quality was measured using the Person-Centered Primary Care Measure (PCPCM) (score range: 0-4; higher scores = better quality) and caregiver burden using the Burden Index of Caregivers (BIC) (score range: 0-44; higher scores = greater burden). Multivariable linear regression with multiple imputations was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher quality of primary care was significantly associated with lower caregiver burden overall (adjusted β = -2.8; 95% CI, -4.1 to -1.5). Consistent associations were found across time-dependent, emotional, existential, and physical burden domains. A weaker but still statistically significant association emerged from service-related burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that person-centered primary care may contribute to reducing multiple dimensions of caregiver burden. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal relationships and guide the development of targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147304378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting long-term treatment with short-acting opioids: the role of general practice consultations and sociodemographic factors.","authors":"Sabrina H Nielsen, Jens Søndergaard, Merethe K K Andersen, Line B Pedersen","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmag011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/fampra/cmag011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term treatment with short-acting opioids is not recommended for patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. General practitioners should assess patient's risk of developing long-term treatment prior to prescribing.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify predictors of long-term opioid treatment among adults with nonmalignant pain initiating treatment with short-acting opioids, focusing on general practice consultations and sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A national register-based repeated cross-sectional linear probability model was employed. The study population comprises adult, nonmalignant pain patients who initiated short-acting opioid treatment during the first half of 2019, resided continuously in Denmark throughout the study period, and survived 6 months postindex date (N = 133,291).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of developing long-term treatment with short-acting opioids was higher among patients with a higher frequency of remote consultations prior to treatment initiation and among those aged 40-59 or ≥80 years, those residing in the Capital or Zealand Region, those with low income or low educational attainment, those unemployed or retired, and those living alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher frequency of remote consultations prior to treatment initiation and several sociodemographic factors were associated with a higher probability of developing long-term treatment with short-acting opioids. These predictors should be considered when prescribing short-acting opioids to adults with chronic nonmalignant pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12209,"journal":{"name":"Family practice","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147485213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}