Federation proceedings最新文献_第9页

Sensitization of cardiac vagal afferent reflexes at the sensory receptor level: an overview. 心脏迷走神经传入反射在感觉受体水平的敏化:综述。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

A L Mark

引用次数: 0

Opioid peptides and the control of feeding in sheep. 阿片肽与绵羊饲养控制。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

C A Baile, C L McLaughlin, F C Buonomo, T J Lauterio, L Marson, M A Della-Fera

{"title":"Opioid peptides and the control of feeding in sheep.","authors":"C A Baile, C L McLaughlin, F C Buonomo, T J Lauterio, L Marson, M A Della-Fera","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Opioid peptides, particularly beta-endorphin, methionine- (MEK) and leucine-enkephalin, and dynorphin, are involved in the regulation of food intake in mammals. The precursor molecules of these peptides undergo differential processing in brain areas producing regional concentration differences in opioids. Intraregional concentration changes also accompany alterations in feeding states. For example, MEK concentrations decrease in the basomedial hypothalamus, amygdala, and olfactory bulb in fed sheep compared with fasted sheep. Moreover, these changes are species specific. In sheep, beta-endorphin decreases in the dorsomedial and posterior hypothalami after feeding, but in the rat it is increased in the ventromedial hypothalamus and decreased in the posterior hypothalamus. In addition, immunohistochemical localization of cell bodies shows interspecies differences in concentrations. For example, dynorphin is found predominantly in the suprachiasmatic area in sheep, but in the paraventricular nucleus in the rat. These observations indicate that regulation of food intake may be differentially controlled in these species. In sheep, kappa agonists increase food intake, whereas stimulation of delta receptors inhibits feeding. Further clarification of the receptors involved in food intake will necessitate studies with more specific agonists.","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 1","pages":"173-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14159973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathways to chronic inflammation in rheumatoid synovitis. 类风湿性滑膜炎的慢性炎症途径。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

D Cavender, D Haskard, C L Yu, T Iguchi, P Miossec, N Oppenheimer-Marks, M Ziff

{"title":"Pathways to chronic inflammation in rheumatoid synovitis.","authors":"D Cavender, D Haskard, C L Yu, T Iguchi, P Miossec, N Oppenheimer-Marks, M Ziff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Postcapillary venules resembling the high endothelial venules (HEVs) of lymphoid tissues have often been observed at sites of chronic inflammation. We have therefore postulated that such venules may be an important site of lymphocyte migration into rheumatoid synovial membrane and that inflammatory cell products may act on endothelial cells (ECs) to increase lymphocyte emigration. Electron microscopic examination of rheumatoid synovial membranes showed that a strong correlation existed between the proportion of lymphocytes in perivascular tissue and the height/base ratio of the ECs in those areas. In addition, binding experiments showed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells preferentially bound to ECs in sections of rheumatoid synovial membrane that had the morphological appearance of HEVs. In vitro binding experiments, in which lymphocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein EC monolayers was measured, showed that adhesion was enhanced by preincubation of the ECs with interferon-gamma or interleukin 1 (IL 1). The central role of IL 1 in increasing lymphocyte migration into the rheumatoid synovial membrane was also supported by the findings that IL 1 is chemotactic for lymphocytes, ECs can secrete IL 1, and IL 1 activity is readily detectable in synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients.","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 1","pages":"113-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14231533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Opioids in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. 阿片类药物调节食物摄入和能量消耗。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

A S Levine, R L Atkinson

引用次数: 0

Central structures involved in opioid-induced feeding. 阿片诱导进食的中枢结构。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

B A Gosnell

引用次数: 0

Platelet and vascular smooth muscle thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptors. 血小板和血管平滑肌血栓素A2/前列腺素H2受体。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1285-4_9

P. Halushka, D. Mais, D. Saussy

引用次数: 44

Interaction of the formed elements of blood with the coronary vasculature in vivo. 体内形成的血液成分与冠状血管的相互作用。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

B R Lucchesi, J K Mickelson, J W Homeister, C V Jackson

引用次数: 0

Acute inflammation in gram-negative infection: endotoxin, interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, and neutrophils. 革兰氏阴性感染的急性炎症:内毒素、白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子和中性粒细胞。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

H Z Movat, M I Cybulsky, I G Colditz, M K Chan, C A Dinarello

{"title":"Acute inflammation in gram-negative infection: endotoxin, interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, and neutrophils.","authors":"H Z Movat, M I Cybulsky, I G Colditz, M K Chan, C A Dinarello","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental bacterial infection of the dermis induced with gram-negative microorganisms is associated with an acute inflammatory reaction, which represents the principal local defense against spread of the infection. When the inflammatory reaction is quantitated with radiolabeled cells and proteins, the kinetics resemble acute inflammation induced with other agents, such as immune complexes or chemotaxins. There is an interrelationship between the components or events of the inflammatory reaction; inasmuch as vascular injury is neutrophil-dependent, neutrophils must migrate to the site where the bacteria multiply. In neutropenic animals there is no such emigration and bacterial multiplication is not inhibited. The microorganisms shed endotoxin, which in turn induces secretion of interleukin 1 (IL 1) and probably tumor necrosis factor. Endotoxin is the most potent agent (10(-15) mol vs. 10(-12) mol of C5ades Arg) capable of inducing a neutrophil influx. Desensitization or tachyphylaxis of the tissues (probably of postcapillary venular endothelium) to IL 1 seems to control cessation of the neutrophil influx (also in vitro evidence). Phagocytosis of the bacteria by neutrophils is associated with release of oxygen radicals and lysosomal proteases from the neutrophils. These are instrumental in eliciting microvascular injury, which is characterized by enhanced vasopermeability, hemorrhage, and thrombosis.","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 1","pages":"97-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14664497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The inflammatory reaction in the airways in an animal model of the late asthmatic response. 气道炎症反应在动物模型中的晚期哮喘反应。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

G L Larsen, M C Wilson, R A Clark, B L Behrens

{"title":"The inflammatory reaction in the airways in an animal model of the late asthmatic response.","authors":"G L Larsen, M C Wilson, R A Clark, B L Behrens","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The late asthmatic response is defined as airway obstruction that occurs hours after antigen exposure in some atopic asthmatics. The importance of this reaction is that the airway obstruction may be severe, prolonged, and difficult to control unless corticosteroids are employed. In addition, this response may lead to an increase in airway reactivity. To investigate the immunopathogenesis of this disorder, an animal model in rabbits was developed. In this model, antigen-specific IgE was associated with the late asthmatic response and antigen-specific IgG was associated with blunting of the reaction. Antigen challenge of immune rabbits led to edema within the large airways shortly after antigen exposure, with infiltration of inflammatory cells (neutrophils and eosinophils) into the large and small airways during the late response. The infiltrates became more mononuclear with time and resolved over 10 days. As in humans, the late response was associated with an increase in airway reactivity and correlated temporally with infiltration of the airways with neutrophils and eosinophils. The contribution of granulocytic cells to the airway responses to antigen was studied by granulocyte depletion, which prevented both the late response and the heightened airway reactivity. In addition, transfusion of a neutrophil-rich population of white cells into granulocytopenic immune rabbits restored both responses. Thus, in this animal model, the antigen-induced late asthmatic response and subsequent increase in airway reactivity were dependent on the presence of granulocytes at the time of exposure to antigen.","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 1","pages":"105-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14664631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thromboxane A2 in health and disease. 血栓素A2在健康和疾病中的作用。

Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-01-01

P V Halushka, A M Lefer

引用次数: 0