European review for medical and pharmacological sciences最新文献

{"title":"Pregnancy after breast cancer: obstetrics and feto-maternal outcomes.","authors":"C Fabiani, F Sanna, A Guarino, I Sperduti, G D'Auria, G Corrado, T Cocchiaro, C Meneghini, E Licata, G Paciotti, V Spina, R Corno, M Loggia, C Rucci, A Rago, R Rago","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202608_37908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202608_37908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pregnancy after breast cancer (BC) is possible and does not have a negative impact on prognosis, even in hormone receptor-positive or BRCA1/2-mutated patients. Despite this, the estimated pregnancy achievability in BC survivors is significantly inferior when compared to that of women who did not have cancer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study investigated pregnancies after BC in 18 women monitored at the Oncofertility Center of the Italian Sandro Pertini Hospital. We compared maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes against general population data. Then, we evaluated the impact of chemotherapy on feto-maternal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to findings from the general population, our results show that pregnancy after BC may have more obstetrical complications, such as premature delivery and cesarean section; in addition, our research showed a possible correlation between the occurrence of gestational diabetes and previous chemotherapy treatment. The rate of breastfed survivors appeared lower than that of women in the general population, as summarized in the article's main findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on our data, pregnancy after BC is safe for both mother and fetus/newborn but requires strict follow-up in referral centers to best manage possible obstetric complications, particularly in women who have undergone chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 8","pages":"298-306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung epithelial cellular proliferative activity associated with conventional gold mining in Sudan.","authors":"A K Y Mohammed, A E Abugooda Alobaid, E H M Humida, A M O Ali, N A Hamid, M A E Mohammed, H G Ahmed","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202608_37909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202608_37909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Traditional Sudanese gold mining poses serious health challenges to workers and communities. This issue requires early detection of at-risk populations using affordable, non-invasive sputum cytology. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the proliferative activity of lung epithelial cells in Sudanese individuals associated with traditional gold mining.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study is a cross-sectional, descriptive, clinic-based pilot investigation conducted in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Participants in the study are individuals actively involved in traditional gold mining. The selection of candidates was based on their willingness to participate in the study, independent of demographic characteristics. Lung cytology was performed, and the results were categorized as normal, metaplasia, cytological atypia, and cellular degenerative changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Squamous metaplasia was identified in 17 out of 109 individuals (15.6%). Mild cytological atypia was identified in 3.7% of individuals. All four smears with cytological atypia showed squamous metaplasia of the lung. The risk of cytological atypia among individuals with respiratory squamous metaplasia is represented by the Odds Ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI), which are OR = 28.3 (2.9333 to 273.1792) and p = 0.0038.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pulmonary squamous metaplasia was common and linked with cytological degeneration and inflammation. Mild cytological atypia was infrequent and only linked with respiratory metaplasia. A substantial link exists between inflammatory state, particularly CICI, and respiratory metaplasia (OR = 5.4; p < 0.003).</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 8","pages":"307-315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note.","authors":"","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202608_37907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202608_37907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Editor-in-Chief, in accordance with the Publisher, has retracted the following articles published between 2014 and 2018 on the grounds of figure duplication and manipulation, subsequent to concerns raised on PubPeer. The corresponding authors of all articles have been contacted several times and were asked to provide the original data, but no responses were received. This retraction notice pertains to the following articles and is carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): 1.         Uzar E, Varol S, Acar A, Firat U, Basarslan SK, Evliyaoglu O, Yucel Y, Alp H, Gökalp O. Assesment the role of oxidative stress and efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on neurotoxicity induced by isoniazid and ethambutol in a rat model. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18(19): 2953-2959-PMID: 25339492. 2.         Zhu SY, Wang JD, Lu YJ, Shen ZY. Study to elucidate molecular mechanism behind zinc chemo-preventive role during lung carcinogenesis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20(16): 3457-3464-PMID: 27608907. 3.         Zhou D, Liu P, Sun DW, Chen ZJ, Hu J, Peng SM, Liu YL. USP22 down-regulation facilitates human retinoblastoma cell aging and apoptosis via inhibiting TERT/P53 pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21(12): 2785-2792-PMID: 28682440. 4.         Lang JY, Ma K, Guo JX, Sun H. Oxidative stress induces B lymphocyte DNA damage and apoptosis by upregulating p66shc. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(4): 1051-1060-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201802_14388-PMID: 29509254. 5.         Lv X, Li CY, Han P, Xu XY. MicroRNA-520a-3p inhibits cell growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(8): 2321-2327-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201804_14822-PMID: 29762835. 6.         Mahattanadul S, Mustafa MW, Kuadkaew S, Pattharachayakul S, Ungphaiboon S, Sawanyawisuth K. Oral ulcer healing and anti-Candida efficacy of an alcohol-free chitosan-curcumin mouthwash. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(20): 7020-7023-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16173-PMID: 30402869. 7.         Lu MM, Wu PS, Guo XJ, Yin LL, Cao HL, Zou D. Osteoinductive effects of tantalum and titanium on bone mesenchymal stromal cells and bone formation in ovariectomized rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(21): 7087-7104-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16241-PMID: 30468450. 8.         Luo X, Song Y, Tang L, Sun DH, Ji DG. LncRNA SNHG7 promotes development of breast cancer by regulating microRNA-186. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(22): 7788-7797-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16403-PMID: 30536320. The authors have been informed about the retraction but remained unresponsive. These articles have been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 8","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trastuzumab deruxtecan plus pertuzumab as a substantial advancement in previously untreated patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.","authors":"A Messori, T Lupi, L Gasperoni, L Del Bono, A Ossato, V Damuzzo","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202608_37910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202608_37910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>First-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HER2+MBC) has recently evolved with the introduction of trastuzumab deruxtecan-based regimens. We performed an indirect comparative analysis to evaluate the relative efficacy of currently available first-line treatments using reconstructed individual patient data (IPD).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic PubMed search identified phase III randomized controlled trials evaluating first-line therapies for HER2+MBC with progression-free survival (PFS) reported through Kaplan-Meier curves. Reconstructed IPD were generated using the IPDfromKM method after digitization of published curves. Three trials were included: DESTINY-Breast09, EMERALD, and CLEOPATRA. Trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus taxane (THP) was adopted as the common comparator. Treatment effects were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model and expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity across pooled control groups and proportional hazards assumptions were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of trastuzumab deruxtecan plus pertuzumab demonstrated the most favorable PFS profile among the evaluated regimens. Compared with pooled THP controls, this regimen significantly reduced the event risk (HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.60). In contrast, trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus eribulin showed PFS outcomes substantially overlapping with THP (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.77 to 1.20). Reconstructed HR estimates were highly consistent with those reported in the original trials, confirming the reliability of the IPDfromKM approach.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Indirect comparisons based on reconstructed patient-level data suggest that trastuzumab deruxtecan plus pertuzumab currently represents the most effective first-line strategy for HER2+MBC in terms of PFS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 8","pages":"316-326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological modulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis: from immune tolerance in colitis to immune escape in colorectal cancer.","authors":"R M Grimaldi, F C Balestrero, A Meggiolan, M Serra, A Ferramosca, C Travelli","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202607_37885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202607_37885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, immune-based therapies, particularly checkpoint inhibitors, have been developed to interfere with tumor immune escape. Among various molecular targets, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis represents a central mechanism of tumor-driven immune evasion and a major target for restoring T-cell-mediated anti-tumor activity. Several blocking monoclonal antibodies have been developed to restore antitumor immunity, and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have transformed the treatment of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In the colon, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis plays a dual and context-dependent role. During the early stages of intestinal inflammation, such as in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), PD-1/PD-L1 signaling contributes to immune tolerance and mucosal protection. However, persistent activation of this pathway may become detrimental during the colitis-to-cancer transition, promoting immune evasion and tumor progression. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, currently approved for specific subsets of CRC, exert their effects by blocking the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, thereby restoring antitumor immune responses. Their use, either as monotherapy or in combination regimens, has demonstrated promising efficacy in advanced and mismatch repair-deficient CRC. This review summarizes the biphasic role of PD-1/PD-L1 in IBD and CRC, with particular emphasis on the therapeutic application of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in CRC. It highlights monoclonal antibody-based approaches and emerging combination strategies, and finally examines current clinical trial evidence, highlighting ongoing challenges, including primary and acquired resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 7","pages":"275-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note.","authors":"","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202607_37880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202607_37880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Editor-in-Chief, in accordance with the Publisher, has retracted the following articles published between 2017 and 2019 on the grounds of figure duplication and manipulation, subsequent to concerns raised on PubPeer. The corresponding authors of all articles have been contacted several times and were asked to provide the original data, but no responses were received. This retraction notice pertains to the following articles and is carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): 1.  Mani J, Fleger J, Rutz J, Maxeiner S, Bernd A, Kippenberger S, Zöller N, Chun FK, Relja B, Juengel E, Blaheta RA. Curcumin combined with exposure to visible light blocks bladder cancer cell adhesion and migration by an integrin dependent mechanism. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23(23): 10564-10574-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19698-PMID: 31841214. 2.  Ma JB, Hu SL, Zang RK, Su Y, Liang YC, Wang Y. MicroRNA-487a promotes proliferation of esophageal cancer cells by inhibiting p62 expression. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23(4): 1502-1512-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201902_17108-PMID: 30840272. 3.  Ma YX, Zhang H, Li XH, Liu YH. MiR-30e-5p inhibits proliferation and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by target-ing USP22. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(19): 6342-6349-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16045-PMID: 30338802. 4.  Gao AG, Zhou YC, Hu ZJ, Lu BB. Ipriflavone promotes osteogenesis of MSCs derived from osteoporotic rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22(14): 4669-4676-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201807_15527-PMID: 30058710. 5.  Du XY, Liu X, Wang ZJ, Wang YY. SLPI promotes the gastric cancer growth and metastasis by regulating the expression of P53, Bcl-2 and Caspase-8. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21(7): 1495-1501-PMID: 28429358. The authors have been informed about the retraction but remained unresponsive. These articles have been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 7","pages":"252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spleen stiffness measurement by transient elastography for detecting esophagogastric varices: a systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies.","authors":"E Rondini, R Accattoli, E Distrutti, S Fiorucci","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202607_37883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202607_37883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Clinically significant portal hypertension drives the development of esophagogastric varices. Endoscopy remains the gold standard, but it is invasive and resource demanding. The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) by transient elastography in predicting esophagogastric varices.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We systematically reviewed 20 studies. Techniques included standard 50 Hz TE and spleen-dedicated 100 Hz probes. Outcomes included AUROC, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), feasibility, and varices prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SSM accuracy was high across studies (AUROC 0.75-0.97). 100 Hz SSM showed superior diagnostic performance and feasibility, even though the sample size was small, leading to important variability in evidence. SSM demonstrated excellent rule-out ability, with NPV consistently >90% in HRV-focused studies. Etiology influenced performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SSM is a robust, non-invasive tool for detecting varices and may help triage patients to reduce unnecessary endoscopy. Integration into assessment algorithms for clinically significant portal hypertension is strongly supported.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 7","pages":"253-266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive impairment in children with β-thalassemia major: influence of clinical and biochemical factors.","authors":"S I Açıcı, E G Kazancı, D Güven, G R Aksoy, Ö F Kızılsoy, B Z Kral","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202607_37884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202607_37884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Children with β-thalassemia major are at risk for neurocognitive impairment due to chronic anemia, iron overload, and possible neurotoxicity from chelation therapy. Despite improved transfusion and chelation protocols, the impact on cognitive function remains unclear. This study evaluated cognitive performance in children with β-thalassemia major and explored selected clinical and biochemical factors associated with cognitive scores.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Seventeen patients aged 6-16 years with β-thalassemia major receiving regular transfusions and 17 healthy age- and sex-comparable controls were included. Demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data (hemoglobin, ferritin, vitamin B12, and vitamin D) were collected. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). Associations between cognitive scores and selected clinical and biochemical variables were evaluated as exploratory analyses, and key associations involving BMI z-score and transfusion duration were additionally adjusted for age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients showed significantly lower verbal IQ (81.9 ± 21.9) and full-scale IQ (83.7 ± 21.0) scores compared with controls (109.1 ± 20.1 and 104.6 ± 19.6; p<0.05). All verbal and performance subtests, including picture arrangement and block design, were reduced. In exploratory analyses, age, BMI z-score, and transfusion duration were associated with selected cognitive scores; however, several of these associations were attenuated after adjustment for age. Vitamin D showed positive associations with selected verbal cognitive scores, while ferritin was not significantly associated with cognitive scores in the revised analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with β-thalassemia major exhibit lower cognitive performance, especially in verbal domains. Associations with clinical and biochemical variables should be interpreted cautiously. Routine cognitive evaluation and metabolic follow-up are recommended for early detection and multidisciplinary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 7","pages":"267-274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen-ozone action on Isaac's syndrome: a case report.","authors":"L Valdenassi, S Chirumbolo, M T Corsetti, O Bugiani, M Franzini, A Marcello, D Bellardi, U Tirelli, E Rossi","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202606_37855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202606_37855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isaac's syndrome, or neuromyotonia, is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by continuous muscle fiber activity due to peripheral nerve hyperexcitability. Clinical features include persistent muscle stiffness, cramps, fasciculations, delayed muscle relaxation, and myokymia. These symptoms are often associated with autoantibodies targeting voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) or related proteins such as CASPR2. Conventional treatment typically involves immunosuppressive agents and symptomatic medications, but therapeutic responses can be incomplete or transient.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report the case of a 43-year-old woman with a long-standing diagnosis of Isaac's syndrome who experienced limited benefit from prolonged immunosuppressive and symptomatic therapies. The patient presented with disabling motor symptoms, pain, and reduced quality of life. She was treated with major autohemotherapy using an oxygen-ozone (O₂-O₃) protocol. Within two months, notable clinical and electrophysiological improvements were observed, including the resolution of neuromyotonia and significant gains in daily functional abilities. These improvements, assessed via the Barthel Index, remained stable over a three-year follow-up period, indicating sustained autonomy and pain control. The patient also carried MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms, which may have contributed to the autoimmune disease and influenced treatment response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the potential role of oxygen-ozone therapy as a complementary non-pharmacological approach in refractory autoimmune neuromuscular disorders. The sustained clinical benefit observed suggests that ozone therapy may contribute to immune modulation, redox balance, and restoration of mitochondrial function. Further studies are warranted to evaluate personalized ozone-based protocols in the management of immune-mediated neuromuscular conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 6","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracoronary stem cell transplant in ischemic heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.","authors":"F Puppo, V Fontana, A Monselise, V F Tapson, R G Carbone","doi":"10.26355/eurrev_202606_37858","DOIUrl":"10.26355/eurrev_202606_37858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of intracoronary stem cell transplantation on left ventricular function (LVEF) in acute myocardial infarction, chronic ischemic heart disease, and severe ischemic heart failure.   MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized trials from 2002 to 2025. Mean difference in LVEF between treated and control patients at 6-months after infusion was calculated according to analysis of covariance. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by the Cochrane's Q, Tau2, and I2 statistics. The primary outcome was the LVEF difference at follow-up. Secondary outcomes were comparisons among the type and number of transplanted stem cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 82 randomized controlled trials totaling 5,781 patients (3,048 treated and 2,733 controls) affected by acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n. 70), chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD, n. 5), and ischemic heart failure (IHF, n. 7). Stem cells were bone marrow, mesenchymal, peripheral blood, and cardiac stem cells in 58, 15, 6 and 3 studies, respectively. Median infused cells were 100 x 106.  LVEF increased 3.3% overall and 8.2%, 5.3% and 2.7% in CIHD, IHF and AMI, respectively. LVEF increased 2% per each 109 cells. CIHD improved from mild (46%) to normal (54%) and IHF from severe (30%) to moderate (38%) functional class. Study heterogeneity decreased over publication year, and there is evidence for publication bias, although the Egger's test resulted in a non-significant result. Intracoronary stem cells induced a significant decrease in mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class from baseline to 6 and 12 months after transplant (2.6, 1.8, and 1.9, respectively; t-test p = 0.002) in ischemic heart failure patients.   CONCLUSIONS: Intracoronary stem cell transplantation improves LVEF in acute and chronic ischemic heart disease and is associated with a reduction of functional class severity. The intracoronary route may be taken into consideration in future trials of stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disease due to its relative manageability and simplicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12152,"journal":{"name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences","volume":"30 6","pages":"229-251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}