World of Transport and Transportation最新文献

{"title":"Matrix Approach to Designing Principles of Management of Transport Enterprises","authors":"E. A. Tarasenko, A. Tyapukhin","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-1.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-1.","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the article is to substantiate the matrix approach to the design of the principles of management of transport organisations and businesses, as well as to clarify and supplement the quantity and quality of these principles.Classification was chosen as research method, and binary matrices formed based on classification features of objects and their variants were used as a tool.The following results have been obtained within the study: an approach to the design of the principles of management of transport organisations and businesses has been substantiated, ensuring their structuring and coordination both vertically or at management levels, and horizontally or by positions; variants of the principles of management of an organisation or a business have been developed; directions for improving the management systems of transport enterprises and chains based on them are determined.The implementation of the results obtained will reduce lost profits of enterprises and chains based on them, reduce the time and cost of preparing and implementing management decisions, allow timely responding to the unique requirements of end users and/or services, as well as ensuring compliance of the parameters and characteristics of the internal environment of enterprises and chains based on them with the duration and volatility of environmental factors.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"68 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising Areas of Research for Developing Single Approaches to Assessing the Quality, Dependability and Efficiency of Traffic Management","authors":"R. N. Gorbunov, Z. V. Gorbunova, V. Kolchin","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-2","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides proposals for improving the efficiency of traffic management using geoinformation data. The objective of the research is to identify promising areas of research to develop single approaches to assessing quality, dependability, and efficiency of traffic management using relevant criteria.The authors reviewed these criteria from the point of view of regulatory documentation and noted the possibility of using models of urban road networks to find optimal modes of managing traffic at minimal cost. Since previous studies showed the lack of single approaches and clear criteria for optimising traffic management, it was proposed to comprehensively consider the possibility of assessing traffic not only from a technical point of view, but also from the point of view of approaches used in management theory.As a tool of assessment of the efficiency indicators of traffic management, a time cost function was proposed, which is the sum of the time costs for all the road users. Increasing the efficiency of traffic management is achieved by minimising this function. It is also noted that when the time cost function is reduced, the material costs of road users, such as fuel costs, are reduced.Having examined the principles of functioning of road traffic in other countries, the authors identified two approaches to management of traffic on the road network: mechanistic and organic ones. Mechanistic approach presupposes strict respect of the rules by all the road users, while organic one presupposes the ability to deviate from the rules. The authors presented examples of selforganisation of traffic on sections of the road network of the city of Irkutsk, which is an example of application of an organic approach to organising traffic in Russia.The article results in development of several promising areas of research, due to which uniformity of approaches to selection and formation of requirements for indicators of depedability, quality and efficiency of traffic management can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Relationship of Torsional Vibrations and Breakdown Torque of Marine Diesel Engines","authors":"D. A. Popov, V. S. Epifanov, V. A. Zyabrov","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of the conditions necessitating the calculation of torsional vibrations and disturbing moments relevant for their calculation as for marine diesel engines followed by an analysis of the effect of torsional vibrations on the breakdown torque of the engine. The forces arising in the crank mechanism of the engine due to torsional vibrations are illustrated by a diagram. Formulas are suggested for calculating the breakdown torque caused by torsional vibrations of the crankshaft of a multi-cylinder engine and the total breakdown torque. It is recommended to consider the influence of moments caused by torsional vibration on the unevenness of rotation and vibration of the engine.The results of calculation of the total torque of the engine previously performed by group of researchers, considering the influence of torsional vibrations, are quoted for DGR A 100/750 diesel generator with an effective power of 100 kW at a nominal speed of 750 rpm with a 6L 18/22 engine.Based on the results of the analysis, suggestions are given on the need to consider the moments arising from torsional vibrations when diagnosing the engine.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":" 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of the Design of an Underwater Floating Transport Structure","authors":"I. Demidov, V. Y. Poliakov","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the optimisation of internal forces from constant loads of the underwater floating transport structure to reduce the local effects of internal forces.This new type of structures can be used at significant depths of intersected water obstacles. Such structures will be in demand for the construction of underwater crossings as part of transcontinental transport corridors such as North – South, Japan – Europe and others.The purpose of the proposed study is to optimise the design to solve the problem of overloads of structural elements. To solve this problem, methods of structural mechanics and numerical experiment using the finite element method were used. Optimisation makes it possible to reduce bending moments in the zones of the edge effect when using a radial fastening scheme by several times. This will allow the use of unified sections of the structure.The article substantiates optimisation methods and their verification using the finite element method. The article also discusses the problems of system survivability of a structure in the event of failure of one or two anchorages. Bending moments increase significantly, but the traffic could be continued since the load from the train and the sum of constant loads have opposite signs.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"66 s262","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection of Transport Structures from Wave Action by Creating a Sandy Wave-Damping Beach","authors":"G. Tlyavlina, R. M. Tlyavlin, N. A. Yaroslavtsev","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-3","url":null,"abstract":"The design and operation of transport structures (railways, roads, bridges) located on the seashores in the zone of possible erosion by waves requires particularly careful consideration of shoreline protection measures.The article, using the example of a specific section of the Sambian Peninsula from Cape Taran to Cape Gvardeisky in Kaliningrad region, shows the problem of protecting a road running along the coast from wave action and suggests ways to solve it. The study describes results of laboratory studies on creation of a wavedamping sandy beach on the shores under conditions of material deficiency in the alongshore sediment flow.The research was carried out using the method of physical modelling in a wave basin. The research has proved the fundamental possibility of creating a local stable sandy beach to protect transport structures from wave action under the conditions of material deficiency in the alongshore sediment flow.The research results can be extended to other coastal sections of roads and railways.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"88 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Timber Supply Chains: Mathematical Model and Analysis of Regional Sources Using the Example of Primorsky Region","authors":"R. S. Rogulin","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-7","url":null,"abstract":"Optimising the supply of raw materials is closely related to the problems that arise at wood processing plants. Assessing the optimality of solutions often becomes a pressing issue.The article considers the scenario of a forestry plant without its own sources of raw materials, such as loggers, which seeks to find an optimal solution at the final stage of planning, based on data on previous transactions. A commodity exchange is considered as a source of raw materials, where lots appear daily in various regions of logging enterprises in a random order.The scientific sources offer multiple methods for calculating optimal profit throughout the entire planning period, but these approaches do not consider many important features of forest processing enterprises.This paper presents a mathematical model that allows estimating the optimal path for profit values throughout the entire planning period. A distinctive feature of the model is that it takes into account the share of the useful volume of raw materials that can be used in production of oriented strand boards after being delivered to the warehouse, as well as the delivery time of lots under conditions of uncertainty.After testing on data from the Russian Mercantile Exchange and one of Primorsky region enterprises, the model was applied to calculate the optimal profit trajectory for various data, including volumes of raw materials, time of lot delivery and other important production indicators, such as profit volume and volume of goods produced. Analysis of the results revealed difficulties in planning supply chains and production volumes. Regions as sources of raw materials were analysed, and it was determined from which regions and at what point it is worth purchasing raw materials. The article discusses in detail the disadvantages and advantages of the mathematical model.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Proposals for Increasing the Efficiency of Using Domestic High-Capacity Rolling Stock in the South of Russia","authors":"V. Rakhaev, E. L. Kuzina, M. A. Vasilenko","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-8","url":null,"abstract":"The main trend in development of high-capacity rolling stock used in the South of Russia is specialisation of coaches. The article considers the advantages of double-decker trains compared to traditional single-decker trains. Double-decker trains make it possible to carry out multimodal transportation of passengers in conditions of increased demand and a decrease in alternative offers from other modes of transport, increase the capacity of passenger rolling stock, the transit capacity of the railway infrastructure, and ensure the most rational use of the dimensions of the rolling stock. As a result, the carrying capacity of railway lines increases with minimal costs since energy costs for traction and traction-related costs are reduced.The authors analysed and constructed a model for replacing traditional single-decker rolling stock with more spacious doubledecker rolling stock. The dependence of the volume of traffic on passenger flow and a potential area of replacing single-decker trains with double-decker trains are shown. A nomogram is presented for the dependence of the volume of transport services for the population on the regularity of train schedule. A general algorithm for assessing and selecting potential opportunities for assigning double-decker trains in the South of Russia is considered.Scenarios have been proposed for changing the category of transport services under the conditions of increased demand while replacing single-decker cars with double-decker ones. The annual effect from replacing single-decker cars with double-decker ones was calculated together with the total investment effect.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Impact of Construction of Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls on Abutment Pile Group Foundation","authors":"M. M. Zbryskiy","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-5-5","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, reinforced soil retaining walls have been increasingly used for construction of abutment pile groups. But those two structures are designed separately from each other, often even by different organisations. The objective of this work was to determine the impact of construction of reinforced soil retaining walls on first-pier pile foundations. The main task was to determine the dependence of the height of the embankment on the growth of adverse effects, the influence of pile length, depth, a possibility to apply nonlinear models and types of installation.Complex modelling in flat and spatial settings has shown the need to consider while designing pile foundations the negative impact of additional horizontal and vertical shifts, as well as of bending moments and longitudinal forces. The study recorded a factor of emergence of negative friction the mechanism of which requires separate study.The main conclusion of the study related to the need to develop a comprehensive assessment of the impact of construction of reinforced soil retaining walls on pile foundations of abutments.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emissions of Pollutant Gases (CO and CO2 ) when Using Fuel Mixtures (Ethanol-Petrol) in Internal Combustion Engines","authors":"Ya. R. Suarez, V. Balabin, Ya. M. Mesa","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to evaluate the emissions of pollutant gases (CO and CO2) when using fuel mixtures (ethanol-petrol) in internal combustion engines. The experiments were carried out in the Engine Laboratory of the Faculty of Engineering Sciences of Agrarian University of Havana (AUH) using JACTO engine. To obtain the amount of toxic gases emitted into the atmosphere (CO2 and CO), the balance of the combustion equations was proposed for the different mixtures estimated taking into account the established coefficients of excess air. The analysis of the combustion process based on 10, 20 and 30 percent ethanol mixtures with hydration (80%; 85%; 90 %; 95%) and conventional petrol of category B-85 for rich mixtures (α = 0,85) and for lean mixtures (α = 1,15) showed that CO2 and CO emissions to the atmosphere are reduced to 17% for considered mixtures as compared to petrol. Despite higher relative fuel consumption as compared to petrol, there is a significant positive environmental effect.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139524372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of the Prospects for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles","authors":"A. S. Limarev, M. Vorotnikov","doi":"10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-4-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-4-11","url":null,"abstract":"Today, road transport is one of the main environmental pollutants. It accounts for more than half of all emissions. In this regard, the issue of developing measures to reduce the impact of cars on the environment is gaining relevance. There are various approaches to solve this issue, but the most promising direction is the use of electric vehicles. It should be noted that we cannot talk about their absolute environmental friendliness, since there is still an indirect impact on the environment.The paper examines the prospects for the use and disadvantages of two types of electric vehicles powered, respectively, by battery or hydrogen fuel cells. Currently, production of battery electric vehicles is a more popular direction, which is largely due to development of technologies in the field of battery production. At the same time, one should not completely exclude other areas, such as hydrogenfuelled vehicles. Such vehicles are distinguished by good environmental friendliness, which is determined by the nature of the combustion product and the possibility of obtaining this type of resource. However, the use of hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines is not relevant. Development of a car with an electrochemical generator is more promising. Today, a fairly large number of the world’s leading car manufacturing companies are advancing in this direction.The electric vehicles considered in the work have similar emissions of harmful substances, which, under equal conditions, approach zero. However, both types of vehicles leave a carbon footprint, the bulk of which comes from electricity generation and hydrogen production. The study carried out a comparative assessment of the quality characteristics, carbon footprint and operating costs of electric vehicles with various types of power plants under Russian operating conditions. Based on the comparison, the main advantages, and disadvantages of those types of electric vehicles have been identified. Actions are proposed to increase the environmental friendliness of electric vehicles and solve problems that complicate their operation.","PeriodicalId":121504,"journal":{"name":"World of Transport and Transportation","volume":"6 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139524202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}