IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.3390/fib12020016

D. Semitekolos, Ioannis Papadopoulos, S. Anagnou, B. Dashtbozorg, Xiaoying Li, Hanshan Dong, C. Charitidis

{"title":"Nanomaterial-Enhanced Sizings: Design and Optimisation of a Pilot-Scale Fibre Sizing Line","authors":"D. Semitekolos, Ioannis Papadopoulos, S. Anagnou, B. Dashtbozorg, Xiaoying Li, Hanshan Dong, C. Charitidis","doi":"10.3390/fib12020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12020016","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the development of a pilot-scale sizing line, including its initial design and installation, operational phases, and optimization of key process parameters. The primary objective is the identification of critical parameters for achieving a uniform sizing onto the fibres and the determination of optimal conditions for maximum production efficiency. This investigation focused on adjusting the furnace desizing temperature for the removal of commercial sizing, adjusting the drying temperature, as well as optimizing the corresponding residence time of carbon fibres passing through the furnaces. The highest production rate, reaching 1 m sized carbon fibres per minute, was achieved by employing a desizing temperature of 550 °C, a drying temperature of 250 °C, and a residence time of 1 min. Furthermore, a range of sizing solutions was investigated and formulated, exploring carbon-based nanomaterial types with different surface functionalizations and concentrations, to evaluate their impact on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of carbon fibres. In-depth analyses, including scanning electron microscopy and contact angle goniometry, revealed the achievement of a uniform coating on the carbon fibre surface, leading to an enhanced affinity between fibres and the polymeric epoxy matrix. The incorporation of nanomaterials, specifically N2-plasma-functionalized carbon nanotubes and few-layer graphene, demonstrated notable improvements in the interfacial shear properties (90% increase), verified by mechanical and push-out tests.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139866243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observation of Visible Upconversion Luminescence of Soft Glass Multimode Fibers 软玻璃多模光纤的可见上转换发光观测

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.3390/fib12020015

Mario Ferraro, F. Mangini, R. Filosa, Vincent Couderc, Yifan Sun, P. Parra-Rivas, Wasyhun A. Gemechu, G. Stępniewski, A. Filipkowski, R. Buczyński, S. Wabnitz

引用次数: 0

Nanomaterial-Enhanced Sizings: Design and Optimisation of a Pilot-Scale Fibre Sizing Line 纳米材料强化上浆：中试规模纤维上浆生产线的设计与优化

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.3390/fib12020016

D. Semitekolos, Ioannis Papadopoulos, S. Anagnou, B. Dashtbozorg, Xiaoying Li, Hanshan Dong, C. Charitidis

{"title":"Nanomaterial-Enhanced Sizings: Design and Optimisation of a Pilot-Scale Fibre Sizing Line","authors":"D. Semitekolos, Ioannis Papadopoulos, S. Anagnou, B. Dashtbozorg, Xiaoying Li, Hanshan Dong, C. Charitidis","doi":"10.3390/fib12020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12020016","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the development of a pilot-scale sizing line, including its initial design and installation, operational phases, and optimization of key process parameters. The primary objective is the identification of critical parameters for achieving a uniform sizing onto the fibres and the determination of optimal conditions for maximum production efficiency. This investigation focused on adjusting the furnace desizing temperature for the removal of commercial sizing, adjusting the drying temperature, as well as optimizing the corresponding residence time of carbon fibres passing through the furnaces. The highest production rate, reaching 1 m sized carbon fibres per minute, was achieved by employing a desizing temperature of 550 °C, a drying temperature of 250 °C, and a residence time of 1 min. Furthermore, a range of sizing solutions was investigated and formulated, exploring carbon-based nanomaterial types with different surface functionalizations and concentrations, to evaluate their impact on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of carbon fibres. In-depth analyses, including scanning electron microscopy and contact angle goniometry, revealed the achievement of a uniform coating on the carbon fibre surface, leading to an enhanced affinity between fibres and the polymeric epoxy matrix. The incorporation of nanomaterials, specifically N2-plasma-functionalized carbon nanotubes and few-layer graphene, demonstrated notable improvements in the interfacial shear properties (90% increase), verified by mechanical and push-out tests.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139806362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observation of Visible Upconversion Luminescence of Soft Glass Multimode Fibers 软玻璃多模光纤的可见上转换发光观测

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.3390/fib12020015

Mario Ferraro, F. Mangini, R. Filosa, Vincent Couderc, Yifan Sun, P. Parra-Rivas, Wasyhun A. Gemechu, G. Stępniewski, A. Filipkowski, R. Buczyński, S. Wabnitz

引用次数: 0

Cement-Based Mortars with Waste Paper Sludge-Derived Cellulose Fibers for Building Applications 含废纸污泥衍生纤维素纤维的水泥基砂浆在建筑中的应用

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.3390/fib12020013

Francesco Bencardino, P. Mazzuca, R. do Carmo, Hugo Costa, Roberta Curto

{"title":"Cement-Based Mortars with Waste Paper Sludge-Derived Cellulose Fibers for Building Applications","authors":"Francesco Bencardino, P. Mazzuca, R. do Carmo, Hugo Costa, Roberta Curto","doi":"10.3390/fib12020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12020013","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the mechanical properties of mortars incorporating waste paper sludge-derived cellulose fibers. Compression and flexural tests were carried out on specimens prepared with cellulose fibers at different proportions, ranging from 0% to 2% of the total weight of the solid mortar constituents (cement, sand, and lime). In addition, a comparative analysis was carried out to evaluate the influence of the preparation method on the mechanical properties of the mortars. To this end, two series of mortars were studied: one prepared following a rigorous control of the preparation parameters and the other made without systematic parameter control to simulate typical on-site conditions. Finally, the applicability of both traditional and eco-friendly mortars in the construction of small-scale masonry walls was assessed through compression tests. Overall, the mechanical properties of mortars with cellulose fibers were comparable to those with 0% waste material, regardless of the production process. Regarding the compressive behavior of masonry walls, experimental tests showed significant similarities between specimens made with traditional and eco-friendly mortar. In conclusion, incorporating cellulose fibers into cement-based mortar shows considerable potential for building applications, enhancing the environmental benefits without compromising the mechanical behavior.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139603299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cementitious Composites with Cellulose Nanomaterials and Basalt Fiber Pellets: Experimental and Statistical Modeling 纤维素纳米材料和玄武岩纤维颗粒水泥基复合材料：实验和统计建模

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/fib12010012

O. M. Hosny, A. Yasien, M. Bassuoni, K. Gourlay, A. Ghazy

{"title":"Cementitious Composites with Cellulose Nanomaterials and Basalt Fiber Pellets: Experimental and Statistical Modeling","authors":"O. M. Hosny, A. Yasien, M. Bassuoni, K. Gourlay, A. Ghazy","doi":"10.3390/fib12010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12010012","url":null,"abstract":"The production of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs) as a durable construction material using different types of fibers and nanomaterials critically relies on the synergic effects of the two materials as well as the cementitious composite mixes. In this study, novel HPFRCCs were developed, which comprised high content (50%) slag by mass of the base binder as well as nano-silica (NS) or nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC). In addition, nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC), and basalt fiber pellets (BFP), representing nano-/micro- and macro-fibers, respectively, were incorporated into the composites. The response surface method was used in this study’s statistical modeling part to evaluate the impact of key factors (NS, NCC, NFC, BFP) on the performance of 15 mixtures. The composites were assessed in terms of setting times, early- and late-age compressive strength, flexural performance, and resistance to freezing-thawing cycles, and the bulk trends were corroborated by fluid absorption, thermogravimetry, and microscopy tests. Incorporating NS/NCC in the slag-based binders catalyzed the reactivity of cement and slag with time, thus maintaining the setting times within an acceptable range (maximum 9 h), achieving high early- (above 33 MPa at 3 days) and later-age (above 70 MPa at 28 days) strength, and resistance to fluid absorption (less than 2.5%) and frost action (DF above 90%) of the composites. In addition, all nano-modified composites with multi-scale fibers showed notable improvement in terms of post-cracking flexural performance (Residual Strength Index above 40%), which qualify them for multiple infrastructure applications (i.e., shear key bridge joints) requiring a balance between high-strength properties, ductility, and durability.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silica Scaling Inhibition in Water Treatment Process Using Fibrous Al2O3-Nylon 6 Adsorbents 使用纤维状 Al2O3-Nylon 6 吸附剂抑制水处理过程中的二氧化硅结垢

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.3390/fib12010011

Ngan Thi Thu Phan, Minehiko Sato, Takaomi Kobayashi

{"title":"Silica Scaling Inhibition in Water Treatment Process Using Fibrous Al2O3-Nylon 6 Adsorbents","authors":"Ngan Thi Thu Phan, Minehiko Sato, Takaomi Kobayashi","doi":"10.3390/fib12010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12010011","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes a novel approach using fibrous Al2O3-Nylon 6 composites to induce inhibition behavior in silica scaling systems. The composite fibers were fabricated with a wet-spinning process using the coagulation of a methanolic Nylon-CaCl2 solution with Al2O3 powder after immersing the thread-like solution in water. The mesoporous nylon fibers composed of Al2O3 powders ranging from 10 to 30 wt% loading demonstrated superior adsorption capabilities to silica in water, behaving with the Freundlich model and exhibiting effective multilayer adsorption onto the Al2O3 sites embedded in the fiber. Furthermore, the composite fibers inhibited silica scaling, even at high concentrations, due to a substantially efficient reduction in soluble silica when the composite fiber was present in the system. The utilization of 15 g of composite fibers resulted in a rapid drop to approximately 30 mg/L within the initial 10 h, which is a considerable improvement compared to the 300 mg/L observed in the fiber-free control sample. Notably, the presence of an elevated fiber content exceeding 7.5 g demonstrated the complete inhibition of silica precipitation. An analysis of the pore volume using nitrogen adsorption experiments before and after silica adsorption showed that silica adsorption resulted in a significant decrease in mesoporous properties at the alumina sites. This indicated an efficient adsorption of silica onto the alumina site, effectively removing silica from the system.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of the Sizing Removal Methods of Fiber Surface on the Mechanical Performance of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Concrete 纤维表面施胶去除方法对玄武岩纤维增强混凝土力学性能的影响

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.3390/fib12010010

Yeou-Fong Li, Jia-Yin Hung, Jin-Yuan Syu, Shih-Han Chen, Chih-Hong Huang, Shu-Mei Chang, Wen-Shyong Kuo

{"title":"Effect of the Sizing Removal Methods of Fiber Surface on the Mechanical Performance of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Concrete","authors":"Yeou-Fong Li, Jia-Yin Hung, Jin-Yuan Syu, Shih-Han Chen, Chih-Hong Huang, Shu-Mei Chang, Wen-Shyong Kuo","doi":"10.3390/fib12010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12010010","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, comprehensive analyses were used to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of basalt fibers, employing a variety of instruments. Additionally, heat treatment and solvent treatment methods were used to eliminate the sizing present on fiber surfaces. The heat treatment process involved determining the optimal temperature and duration required to remove the sizing from the basalt fibers. The appearance, chemical composition, and crystal structure of the original fibers were examined, including those subjected to heat treatment and those treated with solvents. These treated fibers were then incorporated into concrete to create basalt fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC) specimens for mechanical tests, which assessed their compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths. The results revealed that heat treatment at 300 °C for 180 min effectively removed the sizing on the basalt fibers, and the heat-treated basalt fibers exhibited uniform dispersion inside the BFRC specimens. In addition, solvent treatment primarily removed the soluble components of the sizing. The mechanical properties of specimens with sizing-removed basalt fibers were better than the specimens with original basalt fibers and the benchmark specimens. Crucially, the mechanical test results demonstrated that BFRC incorporating heat-treated basalt fibers exhibited a superior mechanical performance compared to BFRC incorporating original fibers or fibers subjected to the solvent treatment.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methodological Aspects and Mesh Convergence in Numerical Analysis of Athermal Fiber Network Material Deformation 热纤维网材料变形数值分析的方法论和网格收敛性

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.3390/fib12010009

N. Parvez, Syed Nabeel Amjad, Mithun K. Dey, C. Picu

{"title":"Methodological Aspects and Mesh Convergence in Numerical Analysis of Athermal Fiber Network Material Deformation","authors":"N. Parvez, Syed Nabeel Amjad, Mithun K. Dey, C. Picu","doi":"10.3390/fib12010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib12010009","url":null,"abstract":"A balance between model complexity, accuracy, and computational cost is a central concern in numerical simulations. In particular, for stochastic fiber networks, the non-affine deformation of fibers, related non-linear geometric features due to large global deformation, and size effects can significantly affect the accuracy of the computer experiment outputs and increase the computational cost. In this work, we systematically investigate methodological aspects of fiber network simulations with a focus on the output accuracy and computational cost in models with cellular (Voronoi) and fibrous (Mikado) network architecture. We study both p and h-refinement of the discretizations in finite element solution procedure, with uniform and length-based adaptive h-refinement strategies. The analysis is conducted for linear elastic and viscoelastic constitutive behavior of the fibers, as well as for networks with initially straight and crimped fibers. With relative error as the determining criterion, we provide recommendations for mesh refinement, comment on the necessity of multiple realizations, and give an overview of associated computational cost that will serve as guidance toward minimizing the computational cost while maintaining a desired level of solution accuracy.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production of Nanofibers by Blow Spinning from Polylactide Containing Propolis and Beeswax 用含有蜂胶和蜂蜡的聚乳酸吹塑纺丝法生产纳米纤维

IF 3.9

Fibers Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.3390/fib12010008

A. Penconek, Maciej Kilarski, Anna Soczewka, M. Wojasiński, A. Moskal

引用次数: 0

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