Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité最新文献

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Numéro spécial : Sciences et technologies innovantes pour l’amélioration des performances sportives de haut niveau 特刊:提高高水平运动成绩的创新科技
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/sm/2021018
V. Nougier
{"title":"Numéro spécial : Sciences et technologies innovantes pour l’amélioration des performances sportives de haut niveau","authors":"V. Nougier","doi":"10.1051/sm/2021018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/sm/2021018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115973223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The age-related changes and sex difference in master swimming performance 游泳健将成绩的年龄相关变化及性别差异
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2019020
B. Knechtle, T. Barbosa, P. Nikolaidis
{"title":"The age-related changes and sex difference in master swimming performance","authors":"B. Knechtle, T. Barbosa, P. Nikolaidis","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019020","url":null,"abstract":"Master athletes have been widely used to examine the age-induced decline of human performance. However, so far very limited reviews are available consolidating the age-related differences in master swimming performance. The aim of the present review was to summarize existing knowledge about the age-related changes in three modalities of swimming performance (i.e., pool-swimming, open-water swimming and swim split in triathlons of different distances). In addition, the paradigm of freestyle swimming records from 50 to 1500 m was used to examine age-related differences and sex difference in performance for age groups 25–29 to 100–104 years. For this example of master freestyle swimmers, the sex difference was smaller in the longer events and increased significantly after the age of ∼70 years. In summary, master athletes competing in swimming as single discipline (i.e., pool-swimming and open-water) and in triathlon (i.e., swim split as first discipline) improved their performances across calendar years. The age-related performance decline in swimming seems to be specific to the discipline, the sex and the length of the swimming event.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125243511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Pacing profiles of master athletes according to their predicted finishing time 大师级运动员根据预期完成时间的速度曲线
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2019016
M. Piacentini, D. Reda, C. Minganti, R. Baldassarre, C. Tarperi, Luca Festa, Kristina Skroče, F. Schena, A. La Torre
{"title":"Pacing profiles of master athletes according to their predicted finishing time","authors":"M. Piacentini, D. Reda, C. Minganti, R. Baldassarre, C. Tarperi, Luca Festa, Kristina Skroče, F. Schena, A. La Torre","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019016","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze the ability of recreational master runners to accurately maintain their pre-race target time and compare pacing and perceived exertion (RPE) of different groups of athletes according to how close they were to their predicted time. One hundred and seventy half marathoners (n = 135 males; 45 ± 6.6 yrs and n = 35 females; 41.1 ± 6 years) were divided in three groups (slower [SL; n = 52], target [TAR; n = 57] and faster [FA; n = 61]) based on the difference between final time and predicted time (OBJ). Time splits and RPE were collected every 7 km. The Hazard Score (HS) was calculated by multiplying the momentary RPE by the remaining fraction of the race. Differences between and within groups was calculated by using a separate mixed ANOVAs for repeated measures. SL group started at target pace thereafter decreased speed significantly. TAR started faster and significantly decreased speed at km 14. FA group started faster than OBJ with no difference in splits. RPE and HS showed no differences between groups. Results of the present study demonstrate different pacing strategies between FA, TAR and SL master runners, in comparison to OBJ despite no differences in RPE or HS.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133496794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Quels sont les profils motivationnels envers l’activité physique et la sédentarité de patients admis en réhabilitation respiratoire ? 呼吸康复患者对身体活动和久坐生活方式的动机是什么?
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2019021
G. Chevance, M. Roux, Amandine Calvat, Nicolas Oliver, F. Alexandre, N. Héraud, J. Boiché
{"title":"Quels sont les profils motivationnels envers l’activité physique et la sédentarité de patients admis en réhabilitation respiratoire ?","authors":"G. Chevance, M. Roux, Amandine Calvat, Nicolas Oliver, F. Alexandre, N. Héraud, J. Boiché","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019021","url":null,"abstract":"Contexte : La poursuite d’une Activité physique (AP) régulière et la limitation des comportements sédentaires (SED) représentent des enjeux fondamentaux de la réhabilitation respiratoire (RR). La motivation joue un rôle significatif à cet égard et peut évoluer au cours d’un programme. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’identifier les profils motivationnels présents au début d’un programme de RR. Méthode : Quatre variables motivationnelles (attitudes, auto-efficacité, intentions, planification) ont été évaluées au début d’un programme de RR grâce à un questionnaire auprès de 211 participants. Ces variables ont ensuite fait l’objet d’analyses de profils latents. Résultats : Concernant la motivation envers l’AP, 3 profils sont apparus : un profil de patients « Motivés » (66 %), un profil de patients « Non motivés » (20 %) et un profil de patients présentant une « Faible planification » (14 %). Concernant la SED, 3 profils sont apparus : un profil « Motivés » (82 %), un profil « Faibles intentions » (10 %) et un profil « Faible confiance » (8 %). Aucune caractéristique démographique, clinique, ou comportementale ne distinguait ces profils, à l’exception de la sévérité de la pathologie respiratoire. Conclusion : Les patients admis pour un programme de RR présentent des profils motivationnels variés et leurs profils envers l’AP et la SED ne sont pas nécessairement associés. Identifier ces profils pourrait permettre une meilleure individualisation des interventions vers un style de vie actif, en s’appuyant sur des taxonomies récentes.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131445342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age-related performance at the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc® Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc®的年龄相关性能
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2019015
G. Varesco, Frederic Sabater-Pastor, G. Millet, V. Rozand
{"title":"Age-related performance at the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc®","authors":"G. Varesco, Frederic Sabater-Pastor, G. Millet, V. Rozand","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019015","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the effects of aging and inactivity can be confounded. Master athletes are an interesting model to investigate human aging as they are free from the deleterious effects of inactivity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the number of male finishers and their performance across age at the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc® (UTMB®, 170 km, 10 000 m of elevation gain) and two shorter races organized during the same event, Courmayeur-Champex-Chamonix (CCC®, 101 km, 6100 m) and Orsières-Champex-Chamonix (OCC, 55 km, 3500 m). Eighty percent of the finishers were aged between 23 and 49 years when considering the three races together. Top 10 average speed progressively decreased with age independently of the distance of the race. For every competition, average speed for the Top 10 decreased by 10% between 23–39 yr and 40–49 yr, then by 20% per decade. Future interventional studies should investigate the physiological factors (e.g. neuromuscular fatigue) associated with the age-related decline in ultra-trail running performance.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"37 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120916975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Are masters athletic performances predictive of human aging in men and women? 体育大师的表现是否预示着人类的衰老?
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2019018
J. Senefeld, S. Hunter
{"title":"Are masters athletic performances predictive of human aging in men and women?","authors":"J. Senefeld, S. Hunter","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019018","url":null,"abstract":"Human aging particularly after ∼70 years, is associated with declines in physical function and athletic performance, that are accelerated in part by age-associated declines in physical activity and exercise training. Because elite athletes maintain high levels of physical activity across the lifespan, older athletes (Masters) may present as a proxy for healthy human aging. Although longitudinal studies are most informative about human aging, there are substantial practical challenges to conducting longitudinally designed research. Masters athletic records and comparisons of performance across age groups can serve as a practical and unique probe to predict the trajectory of human function throughout the lifespan. While useful, the cross-sectional comparison of elite athletic performance across different age groups, however, has inherent limitations in predicting healthy human aging, particularly among women. This review presents evidence that (1) there is a progressive age-related decline in world class performances in freestyle swim swimming, marathon, and triathlon, that accelerates into very old age (∼70 years), and (2) lower participation rates of women relative to men results in an overestimation of the age-related decline in athletic performance particularly in very old women. Thus, while useful, there are some limitations to predicting biological aging among women using current Masters Athletic performances.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"22 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120937143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Les processus de contestation dans le cadre des candidatures des villes européennes aux Jeux olympiques et paralympiques 2024 欧洲城市申请2024年奥运会和残奥会的挑战程序
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/sm/2019032
Hugo Bourbillères, M. Koebel
{"title":"Les processus de contestation dans le cadre des candidatures des villes européennes aux Jeux olympiques et paralympiques 2024","authors":"Hugo Bourbillères, M. Koebel","doi":"10.1051/sm/2019032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019032","url":null,"abstract":"Pour un pays ou une métropole, être candidat à l’accueil des Jeux olympiques et paralympiques (JOP) est un enjeu de taille. Pendant longtemps, cela constituait une décision et un engagement diplomatiques et restait confiné dans le secret de milieux politiques et économiques n’appelant pas au débat public. L’actualité récente a fait entrer en jeu de nouveaux acteurs dans le processus, et notamment le citoyen. Ce sont ces changements dans les rapports entretenus entre les candidats aux JOP et les citoyens qui sont l’objet de la présente recherche. Cette contribution présente les résultats exploratoires d’un projet IdEx « post-doctorat » (2018–2020). Après avoir présenté une recension des écrits portant sur les impacts des grands événements sportifs internationaux (GESI) et discuté la question de la contestation et de la défiance de l’opinion publique à l’égard de l’accueil des JOP, nous reviendrons, à partir d’une analyse documentaire, sur les différents cas des candidatures de villes européennes aux JOP 2024. Paris (France) fut déclaré vainqueur, sans référendum, mais aussi finalement sans plus aucun rival ; Rome (Italie) a retiré sa candidature suite au changement de maire et de politique municipale ; Hambourg (Allemagne) a organisé un référendum et a vu le « non » l’emporter de peu ; et Budapest (Hongrie) a retiré sa candidature sur des arguments économiques, mais suite à une pétition d’origine étudiante (mouvement Momentum).","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116842293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Influence de la préparation physique sur les relations interpersonnelles : Une étude exploratoire 身体准备对人际关系的影响:一项探索性研究
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2019008
A. Relave, M. Campo, M. Nicolas
{"title":"Influence de la préparation physique sur les relations interpersonnelles : Une étude exploratoire","authors":"A. Relave, M. Campo, M. Nicolas","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019008","url":null,"abstract":"La préparation physique (PP) peut s’envisager sous différentes formes : dissociée, associée ou intégrée. Chacune d’entre elles présentant des avantages et des inconvénients d’un point de vue physiologique, le but de cette étude a été d’explorer le lien entre forme de PP et relations interpersonnelles à travers le vécu émotionnel des participants. Dix joueurs de rugby âgés entre 16 et 18 ans (M = 16,90, SD = 0,74), ont participé à cette étude qualitative exploratoire. À partir d’entretiens d’auto-confrontation faisant suite à une séance de PP mobilisant les trois formes, des tendances ont pu être dégagées en termes de ressenti émotionnel et de relations interpersonnelles. Ces tendances sembleraient montrer que la PP, à travers ses trois formes, provoquerait des ressentis émotionnels distincts, pouvant favoriser le partage émotionnel et ainsi améliorer les relations interpersonnelles chez des joueurs en formation.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130096915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder 认知行为疗法和深度放松治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的疗效
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/SM/2018030
Nawel Abdesslem, Sabeur Hamrouni, R. Shephard, M. Chelly
{"title":"Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder","authors":"Nawel Abdesslem, Sabeur Hamrouni, R. Shephard, M. Chelly","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018030","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study made a preliminary exploration of the efficacy of physically-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: ADHD behavior and cognitive functions were assessed by test D2 and Conner’s scale before and after a one-year physically-based training program. The reliability of test scores was assessed by repeat testing of a control group (CG) of 10 students who did not have ADHD. Children (10 per group) with ADHD were assigned to physically-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and deep relaxation (E1) or physically-based cognitive-behavioral alone (E2). Results: After 52 weeks of treatment, an intra-group comparison showed that E1 and E2 had improved their scores on the test D2, whereas CG showed no significant change. In addition, most participants with ADHD showed a remarkable improvement in their attentional behavior, with group E1 responding better to treatment than group E2. Conclusions: Physically-based cognitive behavioral therapy appears to improve function and social competence in children with ADHD, and should be recommended as an alternative or supplement to pharmaceutical treatment.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"486 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122748004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stratégies d’orientations régulatrices et émotions : étude en gymnastique artistique 调节取向与情绪的策略:艺术体操的研究
Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/sm/2021015
Jade Patisson, Thierry Debanne
{"title":"Stratégies d’orientations régulatrices et émotions : étude en gymnastique artistique","authors":"Jade Patisson, Thierry Debanne","doi":"10.1051/sm/2021015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/sm/2021015","url":null,"abstract":"L’objet de cette étude est de tester la TOR dans sa capacité à prédire les intensités émotionnelles de gymnastes à l’issue d’une compétition sportive. Un échantillon de gymnastes (n = 273 ; 239 femmes), de différents niveaux, a été confronté, de manière aléatoire, à deux contextes précompétitifs, l’un incitant à l’utilisation d’une stratégie régulatrice de prévention (Cpertes), l’autre à une stratégie régulatrice de promotion (Cgain). Pour chaque contexte, deux résultats de la compétition ont été présentés aux participants (Succès versus Échec) de façon randomisée. Suite à la lecture des contextes, les participants ont complété l’échelle des stratégies d’OR, et après présentation de leur résultat, ils ont complété le questionnaire de fréquence émotionnelle. En accord avec les hypothèses, les ANOVAs mixtes à mesures répétées, ont révélé que (a) les scores de gaieté étaient significativement plus élevés en Cgain qu’en Cpertes, et (b) les scores de nervosité/agitation étaient significativement plus élevés en Cpertes qu’en Cgain. De manière particulièrement intéressante, l’étude a révélé des résultats opposés aux hypothèses, les scores de découragement étant significativement plus élevés en Cpertes qu’en Cgain, suggérant une spécificité du contexte de la compétition sportive sur les émotions.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123941197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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