European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Trauma room requirements.","authors":"Falco Hietbrink, Frank Hildebrand, Klemens Horst","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02820-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02820-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective shock (or trauma) room management requires thorough preparation, staff competence, dedicated infrastructure and organised protocols. Shock rooms must be sufficiently equipped according to the hospital's designated level of care. This chapter outlines essential aspects, including equipment and facilities, staff qualifications and composition, and communication practices. Key areas including initial assessment, diagnostic procedures, emergency interventions, and future aspects in the care of severely injured patients are addressed, along with emerging innovations in trauma care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined apophyseal and epiphyseal fixation of Ogden type IIIA/IV tibial tubercle avulsion fractures provides favorable stability compared to isolated apophyseal screw fixation - a biomechanical study.","authors":"Christian Peez, Ivan Zderic, R Geoff Richards, Ludmil Drenchev, Hristo K Skulev, Boyko Gueorguiev, Christoph Kittl, Michael J Raschke, Elmar Herbst","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02814-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02814-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Current literature lacks recommendations regarding proper fixation of tibial tubercle avulsion fractures involving the proximal tibial epiphysis (Ogden fractures). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare isolated apophyseal screw fixation and additional fixation techniques in Ogden fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two different types of apoepiphyseal tibial tubercle avulsion fractures were created in 40 proximal tibiae according to the modified Ogden classification: (1) Ogden type IIIA and (2) Ogden type IV. The fractures were fixed with either isolated apophyseal screws or additionally with a medial plate or epiphyseal screws. All specimens were biomechanically tested under progressively increasing cyclic loading until failure, while capturing the interfragmentary movements with motion tracking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Augmentation of apophyseal screw osteosynthesis by a medial plate in Ogden IV fractures or epiphyseal screws in Ogden IIIA fractures exhibited significantly higher cycles to failure and failure loads (P< 0.05), and significantly less axial displacement (P < 0.05) compared to isolated apophyseal screw fixation. Fixation of Ogden type IIIA fractures resulted in significantly less axial displacements and higher construct stiffness, cycles to failure and failure loads compared to Ogden type IV fracture (P < 0.001). Fracture gap opening did not differ significantly between the fixation techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Augmented apophyseal screw fixation of apoepiphyseal tibial tubercle avulsion fractures provides greater biomechanical stability than isolated apophyseal screw fixation. Regardless of fixation technique, Ogden type IV fractures are more unstable than Ogden type IIIA fractures, so an individualized treatment strategy based on fracture morphology is crucial. In case of an Ogden type IIIA or Ogden type IV fracture, surgeons should consider adding epiphyseal screws or a medial plate osteosynthesis to apophyseal screw fixation to best neutralize forces of the extensor mechanism, as long as the often compromised soft tissue envelope can tolerate greater surgical invasiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criteria for trauma team activation and staffing requirements for the management of patients with (suspected) multiple and/or severe injuries in the resuscitation room- a systematic review and clinical practice guideline update.","authors":"Christian Alexander Kühne, Alina Weise, Nadja Könsgen, Uwe Schweigkofler, Arnold Kaltwasser, Sabrina Pelz, Tobias Becker, Christopher Spering, Frithjof Wagner, Dan Bieler","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02817-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02817-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our aim was to update the evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations on criteria for trauma team activation (TTA) and staffing requirements for the management of patients with (suspected) multiple and/or severe injuries in the resuscitation room on the basis of available evidence. This guideline topic is part of the 2022 update of the German Guideline on the Treatment of Patients with Multiple and/or Severe Injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched to August 2021. Further literature reports were obtained from clinical experts. Randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and comparative registry studies were included if they compared criteria for identifying severely injured patients requiring trauma team activation or different staffing components (e.g. team composition, training) for the management of patients with (suspected) multiple and/or severe injuries in the resuscitation room. We considered patient relevant outcomes such as mortality as well as prognostic accuracy outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using NICE 2012 checklists. The evidence was synthesised narratively, and expert consensus was used to develop recommendations and determine their strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one new studies were identified. Potential trauma team activation criteria included vital signs (e.g. systolic blood pressure), type and extent of injury (e.g. central gunshot wound), mechanism of injury (e.g. traffic accident), interventions (e.g. chest tube), specific criteria for geriatric patients, and combined criteria (N = 20). Staffing requirements for the resuscitation room included specific training for orthopaedic trainees (N = 1). Two recommendations were modified, and six additional recommendations were developed. All but two recommendations achieved strong consensus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The key recommendations address the following topics: inter-professional trauma teams in the resuscitation room; trauma team activation for geriatric patients; and trauma team activation criteria based on physiological, anatomical, interventional, and mechanism of injury parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to diagnose and time to surgery in patients presenting with necrotizing fasciitis: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Murad S Alahmad, Ayman El-Menyar, Husham Abdelrahman, Meiad A Abdelrahman, Fahad Aurif, Nissar Shaikh, Hassan Al-Thani","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02816-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02816-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening infection characterized by rapid tissue destruction and high mortality. The role of timely diagnosis and surgical intervention in improving patient outcomes remains debated. This study investigates the impact of \"time to diagnosis\" (TTD) and \"time to surgical treatment\" (TTS) on the outcomes of NF patients, with a specific focus on the first six hours of critical diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients hospitalized with NF between June 2016 and June 2023. Demographic data, comorbidities, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed. The study stratified patients based on TTD (early (≤ 6 h) vs. delayed (> 6 h) and TTS (≤ 6 vs. > 6 h). Outcomes included severity scores, intensive care unit admission, length of stay (LOS), and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and twenty-one patients were diagnosed with NF with a mortality rate of 10%. Early diagnosis (≤ 6 h) was associated with lower mortality (5.7% vs. 13.2%) and shorter LOS (17 vs. 27 days) compared to delayed diagnosis. Early diagnosis was associated with a lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score compared to delayed diagnosis (p = 0.02). A combined analysis of TTD and TTS revealed that the group with early diagnosis and early treatment (TTD and TTS were ≤ 6 h) had a 3% mortality rate, and 7% of them had a SOFA score > 9. In contrast, delayed diagnosis (TTD > 6 h) was significantly associated with increased mortality, regardless of the TTS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Timely diagnosis within 6 h is crucial for improving outcomes in NF. While early surgical intervention is vital, our findings suggest that the time to diagnosis and subsequent resuscitation efforts may significantly impact survival. This study highlights the importance of optimizing early recognition and diagnosis in the emergency room to reduce delays and improve patient prognosis in NF. Further multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings and refine clinical protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variable use of modern abdominal wall closure techniques at emergency laparotomy - an international, cross-sectional survey of surgical practice.","authors":"Ian J B Stephens, Emily Kelly, Fernando Ferreira, Marja A Boermeester, Michael E Sugrue","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02804-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02804-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Incisional hernias (IH) occur after 20-30% of laparotomies. Modern closure techniques including small bite closure and prophylactic mesh augmentation (PMA) demonstrate significant reduction in IH rates. European and American Hernia Society guidelines suggest use of small bite closure and consideration of PMA at elective laparotomy closure but do not make a recommendation for emergency surgery. International surveys demonstrate poor uptake of small bite closure and PMA. This survey aims to assess the uptake of these techniques specifically in emergency abdominal surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online, cross-sectional survey was circulated through emergency general surgery (EGS) and abdominal closure networks between June and August 2024. This interrogated surgeons' technical approach to all elements of emergency laparotomy closure including use of wound bundles, small bite, suture-to-wound ratio, suture choice, and PMA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 234 general surgeons from 32 countries. Wound bundle components varied between surgeons. Small bite closure was used by 85.8% during midline laparotomy closure but only 42.2% of surgeons used 5 mm wide tissue bites placed every 5 mm. Suture-to-wound ratio was rarely measured (7.7%). A looped PDS (size 0 or 1) was used preferentially (42.7%). Self-locking (15.8%) and antiseptic coated sutures (20.2%) were used infrequently. One in ten surgeons used PMA and most often placed the mesh in the retrorectus space (39.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Uptake of new techniques in emergency laparotomy has been variable and with limited penetrance amongst emergency general surgeons. Many surgeons are using adapted versions of the original descriptions of these approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ICU requirements.","authors":"Zsolt Balogh, Frank Hildebrand","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02821-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02821-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This section outlines the essential requirements for managing trauma patients in ICUs across Europe. It emphasizes the need for ICU accreditation at the highest national level and highlights criteria, including staffing, equipment, training programmes, protocols, and documentation for quality control. Key requirements encompass 24/7 admission capability, trained staff, multidisciplinary rounds, specialised observation beds, organ donation programmes, and participation in trauma resuscitations and hospital disaster planning. Desirable criteria, such as education, research activities, trauma protocol development, cross-rotation training, outreach services, and combined team training are also discussed, focused on fostering collaboration between trauma and intensive care services to ensure comprehensive trauma management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conventional Coagulation Tests are a better predictor of mortality than Viscoelastic Haemostatic Assays in trauma patients with shock: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Anten P Jonish, Joses Dany James, D K Titus, Srujan Lam Sharma, Vijayan Purushothaman, Rutvi Gautam Dave, Sukesh Chandran Nair, Suchita Chase, Sukria Nayak, Vignesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02808-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-025-02808-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Conventional Coagulation Tests (CCTs) and Viscoelastic Haemostatic Assays (VHAs) are currently used in guiding trauma resuscitation. However, the role of these tests in predicting mortality is less known. This study aims to analyze both CCTs and VHAs in predicting mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted on adult trauma patients who presented in shock. They underwent VHA using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM ^® delta viscoelastic system by Werfen) and CCTs. Univariable and multivariable regression analysis was done to compare the predictive power of mortality between CCTs and VHAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 8,765 trauma patients screened, 106 were included. Descriptive statistics showed a majority of blunt injuries with road traffic incidents as the predominant mechanism. The median Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 24 (IQR 14-34). Mortality rate at 24 h was 9.4% and overall 30-day mortality was 26% (n = 28). Univariable analysis showed that reduced clotting time had better survival (p = 0.005) while prolonged INR, reduced fibrinogen and elevated d-dimer levels were associated with mortality. In multivariable analysis, prolonged INR > 1.66 (AUC 0.74, OR 9.4, 95% CI 2.6-34.1) and prolonged clotting time > 384 s (AUC 0.67, OR 7.4, 95% CI 1.1-51.9) had best prediction of mortality. Overall, CCTs were better at predicting mortality than VHA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CCTs, especially INR proved to be a more reliable predictor of mortality compared to VHAs in trauma patients. These findings suggest that CCTs offer better prognostic value, although integrating both testing modalities could potentially enhance overall assessment and management strategies in trauma care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury patterns and patient outcomes of abdominal trauma in the elderly population: a 5-year experience of a Major Trauma Centre.","authors":"Despoina Chatzopoulou, Maryam Alfa-Wali, Edward Hewertson, Mark Baxter, Elaine Cole, Hassan Elberm","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02807-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-025-02807-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The management of abdominal trauma in older patients is challenging due to preexisting comorbidities, impaired physiology, frailty and atypical clinical presentations. Few studies focus on the characteristics of abdominal trauma in older populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective service evaluation was conducted during the period January 2017 - December 2022 at University Hospital Southampton, the designated Major Trauma Centre (MTC) of Wessex Trauma Network in the United Kingdom. Data was collected from the local Trauma Registry. Patients aged ≥ 65 years old and with Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) over one for the Abdomen were included. Patients aged less than 65 years old and those who died on arrival to the MTC were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 4977 geriatric trauma patients, only 150 cases (3%) were eligible, with a mean age of 77 years and a median Injury Severity Score of 22. The trauma team activation code was triggered in just under half of all cases (49%). All-level falls were the leading mechanism (52%) and low-energy falls were significantly higher in patients aged ≥ 85 years (P <0.001). The spleen was the most frequently affected organ (27%). About 47% of abdominal injuries were severe (AIS Abdomen ≥3) and about 22% of patients required surgical or radiological intervention. Three patients sustained occult abdominal injuries and one of them had a negative CT scan initially. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 20%. Of all casualties, most were polytrauma cases (87%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the low incidence of abdominal injuries in the elderly, when these occurred, almost half were serious with AIS Abdomen ≥ 3 and almost one in four required surgical or radiological intervention. The use of single-time imaging may not be sufficient to ensure the absence of injury, as delayed manifestations of occult abdominopelvic trauma may occur. Close monitoring and regular reassessments are recommended, even with a negative CT scan on arrival. The high all-cause mortality rate may correlate with the high incidence of polytrauma in this cohort and the failure to trigger a trauma call in the Emergency Department. Future studies should focus on the development of triage tools and include the use of validated and designated frailty tools for larger population analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and complications of antimicrobial coated compared to conventional intramedullary femoral nails in proximal femoral fractures.","authors":"Jacob Wiechert, Georg Osterhoff, Christian Kleber, Andreas Höch, Dmitry Notov","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02809-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02809-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare one-year mortality and the incidence of complications, particularly fracture-related infections, between patients with proximal femur fractures treated with novel noble metal-coated implants and those treated with uncoated implants, to detect possible effects of the coating on these endpoints.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Design: Retrospective cohort observational study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Level 1 trauma centre. Patient Selection Criteria: All patients ≥ 18 years old with proximal femur fracture, who were treated with an intramedullary femur nail between 01.09.2020 and 01.10.2022 were included. The coated group (COATED) included patients who were treated with a coated implant. The control group (CONTROL) was treated with uncoated implants. Pathological fractures were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>188 patients who matched the criteria were included (COATED: 93, CONTROL: 95). There was no significant difference in the one-year mortality or complication rate between the two groups. The fracture-related infection rate did not differ (p = 0.31) between both groups. Complications were observed in 59% of all cases and the overall one-year mortality rate was 42%. There was a significant correlation between complication occurrence and hospital stay (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The coated intramedullary nail was similar to the uncoated nail in terms of perioperative complications and 1-year mortality rate. This suggests that the novel coated implant is safe for common clinical use. Further prospective multicentre studies with larger sample sizes are needed to detect a potential impact of coated implants on the incidence of fracture-related infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major trauma and comorbidity: a scoping review.","authors":"Rosie Glynn, Felicity Edwards, Martin Wullschleger, Ben Gardiner, Kevin B Laupland","doi":"10.1007/s00068-025-02805-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00068-025-02805-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Major trauma is a leading cause of acute morbidity and mortality. While injury severity drives much of the associated burden, pre-existing comorbidities may influence both acute management and long-term outcomes. This scoping review examines the impact of comorbidities on trauma outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Embase, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were systematically searched from inception to 22/04/2021 (update 22/03/2024). Studies investigating comorbidities as risk factors for adverse outcomes in adults (≥ 18 years) with major trauma were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 5448 studies identified, 33 met inclusion criteria. No studies examined whether comorbidities increases the risk of major trauma, and only two studies investigated the development of comorbidities post-trauma. Among trauma patients with pre-existing comorbidities particularly cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver disease, and kidney disease were associated with higher case fatality. Comorbidities were also associated with increased morbidity, longer hospital stays and higher complication rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trauma patients with comorbidities suffer experience worse outcomes, yet limited research explores whether comorbidities contribute to trauma risk or emerge as a consequence. Further research is needed to clarify these relationships and guide targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12064,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery","volume":"51 1","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}