European Journal of Soil Biology最新文献

{"title":"Earthworms are sustained in a 116-year rye monoculture with ploughing by provision of soil organic carbon from farmyard manure","authors":"Laura Sturm ,&nbsp;Helmut Wagentristl ,&nbsp;Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner ,&nbsp;Caroline Huber ,&nbsp;Kevin R. Butt ,&nbsp;Johann G. Zaller ,&nbsp;Pia Euteneuer","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In arable fields, earthworm abundance declines with the level of intensification, due to soil disturbance and reduced food resources. In this context, continuous cropping of monocultures and removed plant residues are drivers for a decline in earthworm populations. Therefore, the earthworm communities of the 'Eternal rye', a 116-year field trial, were investigated. The Eternal rye was instigated in 1906 Vienna, Austria, mainly to compare the application of mineral fertiliser, farmyard manure (FYM) and no fertiliser application (unfertilised). A two-factorial design with factor fertiliser comprised of FYM, mineral fertiliser and unfertilised and factor crop rotation with levels crop rotation of winter rye (<em>Secale cereale</em> L.) – spring barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L.) – bare fallow) <em>versus</em> continuous cropping of winter rye. All plots were ploughed (25-30 cm) at the same time, after the application of FYM and before sowing of rye in late October. Earthworms were investigated for continuous rye and rye in crop rotation in April 2020-2022 by hand sorting. Results show that only fertilisation treatments impacted earthworm communities with highest total abundances under FYM (120 ± 92.9 m⁻²) followed by mineral fertiliser (27.6 ± 21.4 m⁻²) and unfertilised (9.55 ± 9.27 m⁻²). The most abundant species was <em>Allolobophora chlorotica</em> under FYM and mineral fertiliser, followed by small numbers of <em>Aporrectodea caliginosa</em>, <em>Aporrectodea rosea</em> and <em>Lumbricus terrestris</em>. Interestingly, <em>L. terrestris</em> was observed only under FYM (2.69 ± 7.81 m⁻²). Similar to earthworm parameters, soil organic carbon, NO₃⁻-N and leaf area index were highest for FYM compared to mineral and unfertilised within and across cropping systems, while soil decomposition rate was highest for FYM only in continuous rye. The application of FYM compensated the effect of conventional management practices, such as monoculture and ploughing on earthworms and enhanced numbers of endogeic earthworm and <em>L. terrestris</em> compared to mineral and unfertilised treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between litter quality and soil faunal specialisation participate in driving home-field advantage for cellulose and lignin degradation in mixed-litter decomposition","authors":"Xiaoqiang Li ,&nbsp;Weihua Dong ,&nbsp;Guijun Wang ,&nbsp;Liheng Liang ,&nbsp;Sujuan Xu ,&nbsp;Yang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Litter cellulose and lignin degradation are crucial for energy transformation and material cycling in forest ecosystems. Mixed-litter decomposition is the primary form of litter decomposition in forest ecosystems. However, the effect of soil fauna on home-field advantage (HFA) for cellulose and lignin degradation in mixed-litter decomposition has rarely been investigated. A reciprocal litter transplant experiment was conducted using litterbags with two mesh sizes (4 mm and 0.01 mm) in a <em>Quercus mongolica</em> forest dominated by <em>Q. mongolica</em> (QM) and <em>Acer pseudosieboldianum</em> (AP), and a mixed forest dominated by <em>Juglans mandshurica</em> (JM), <em>Ulmus laciniata</em> (UL), and <em>Ulmus davidiana</em> (UD). Our results showed that litter bag fauna, at home or away, accelerated cellulose degradation in both litter combinations with lower C/N ratios after 9 months. In addition, litter bag fauna accelerated lignin degradation in litter combinations with lower lignin concentrations after 9 and 12 months, respectively. Litter bag fauna had a positive HFA effect on cellulose degradation and a negative HFA effect on lignin degradation in both litter combinations after 7 and 9 months. Conversely, litter bag fauna had a negative HFA effect on cellulose degradation and a positive HFA effect on lignin degradation in the JM + UL + UD litter combination after 9 months. After 12 months, the litter bag fauna exhibited a weak effect on the HFA for cellulose degradation and a significantly positive effect on the HFA for lignin degradation. Our results illustrated that litter bag fauna increased cellulose and lignin decomposition in lower and higher quality litter. HFA effects were a decoupled relationship between cellulose and lignin degradation of mixed litter due to litter bag faunal specialisation, and their effects were apparent during the early stages of decomposition. The results emphasize the significance of changing in litter substrate quality and litter bag faunal specialisation dynamics which drive the HFA for cellulose and lignin degradation in mixed-litter decomposition, and the essential role of preserving secondary forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar affects phosphate availability, extracellular enzyme activity, and microbiomes in coarse sandy subsoils","authors":"Paul Iturbe-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Esben W. Bruun ,&nbsp;Rumakanta Sapkota ,&nbsp;Lea Ellegaard-Jensen ,&nbsp;Niels Gudmand Christiansen ,&nbsp;Carsten T. Petersen ,&nbsp;Dorette Müller‐Stöver ,&nbsp;Anne Winding","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finely ground biochar has been reported to enhance water retention of coarse sandy subsoils and mitigate drought-induced yield reductions, while its impact on indigenous microbiomes remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of biochar amendment on the microbiomes of coarse sandy subsoils from two Danish sites. We hypothesized that amendment of high doses of straw biochar would increase water-extractable soil P, affect phosphatases, and modify microbiomes. To test this, subsoils were amended with straw biochar (1–4 % wt) and incubated for 430 days in a mesocosm column experiment with spring barley grown in the topsoil. The activity of three extracellular enzymes and the structure and diversity of the prokaryotic and fungal communities were analyzed at 50 cm depth using 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF)-labeled substrates and 16S rRNA and ITS2 amplicon sequencing, respectively. The biochar amendment affected the extracellular enzyme activity of both subsoils, which exhibited distinct enzyme activity profiles. The biochar amendment led to increased water-extractable phosphate, which, in turn, decreased extracellular phosphomonoesterase activity. Both subsoils harbored different microbiomes, with biochar modifying the prokaryotic community structure while the fungal community structure was almost unchanged. The highest amount of biochar amendment (4 % wt) caused the strongest effects on the microbiomes. We found a significant rise in the relative abundance of the bacterial genus <em>Iamia</em> and an unknown archaeon genus member of Marine Group II. Overall, our findings highlight that the prokaryotic microbiomes in the subsoil are influenced by biochar amendment, with the changes depending on concentration and incubation time. This knowledge is useful for risk assessment of biochar's effects on soil health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103800"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in soil arthropod identification: Integrating morphological, molecular, and AI-based approaches","authors":"Sara Remelli ,&nbsp;Iwona Gruss ,&nbsp;Cristina Menta","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil arthropods are key contributors to ecosystem functioning, yet their assessment remains limited by the complexity of species identification. This review explores the main methodologies used for identifying soil arthropods, tracing their evolution from morphological approaches to molecular and artificial intelligence (AI)–based systems. Morphological identification remains essential for understanding abundance, community structure, and functional traits, but it is time-consuming and relies heavily on specialized taxonomic expertise. Molecular tools such as DNA barcoding and metabarcoding have revolutionized biodiversity monitoring, providing rapid and standardized identification of taxa and uncovering cryptic diversity, although their accuracy depends on the completeness of reference databases and they often lack functional information. Recent advances in AI and machine learning have opened new perspectives, enabling automated identification from digital images with increasing accuracy and speed. However, these systems still require extensive, expert-validated training datasets and are currently limited to well-documented taxa. The comparative analysis presented here highlights that no single method is sufficient alone. Instead, an integrative approach combining morphological, molecular, and AI-based techniques offers the most comprehensive and reliable framework for soil biodiversity assessment. This synthesis emphasizes the need for cross-disciplinary collaboration to enhance monitoring efficiency and to support sustainable soil management and conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103812"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar amendment slowed down the decomposition of wheat residue by suppressing the population of wheat residue-decomposers in bacterial community","authors":"Benjuan Liu ,&nbsp;Zijie Liu ,&nbsp;Wanqin Yang ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Yifan Li ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Hou ,&nbsp;Zubin Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Straw returning is vital for supplying available carbon to maintain microbial functions. The effects of irreversible biochar accumulation, resulting from long-term continuous biochar application or one-time high-dose application, on straw decomposition are of great importance to agricultural practices, yet they remain poorly understood. Therefore, a 30-day laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the straw decomposition rate and the functional bacteria involved in the decomposition process under high-dose biochar amendment (9 %, w/w), employing ¹³C-labeled wheat residue and ¹³C-DNA stable isotope probing technique coupled with high-throughput sequencing, following three treatments: soil only, soil added with wheat residue, and soil added with both wheat residue and biochar. Results showed that biochar markedly reduced the decomposition rate of wheat residue (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), which was attributed to its suppression of the population size of wheat-residue-decomposing bacteria (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). However, both the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the Pielou evenness index of the wheat residue-decomposer community were significantly elevated, and neither showed a significantly positive relationship with the decomposition rate. The families <em>Oxalobacteraceae</em>, <em>Burkholderiaceae</em>, and <em>Xanthomonadaceae</em> were the dominant wheat-residue decomposers, and their population sizes were markedly suppressed by biochar, particularly during the early stages of decomposition. <em>Paenibacillaceae 1</em>, mainly comprising the genera <em>Paenibacillus</em> and <em>Cohnella</em>, was a unique plant residue-decomposer and stimulated in the presence of biochar, suggesting its preference for the high pH conditions created by biochar. This study concluded that large amounts of accumulated biochar will aggravate the difficulty in straw decomposition, potentially harming the straw returning measure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of understory degradation induced by sika deer on soil microarthropods in beech forests: comparison between two different climatic conditions","authors":"Erika Kawakami ,&nbsp;Takuo Hishi ,&nbsp;Ayumi Katayama","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understory vegetation dominated by dwarf bamboo (<em>Sasa</em> spp.) has been decreasing in Japan because of deer overgrazing. Declining understory vegetation may reduce soil microarthropods abundance. However, the effects of understory degradation on soil microarthropods under various climatic conditions remain poorly understood. We compared soil microarthropods, soil properties, and erosion rates (cm year⁻¹) between rich understory plots (<em>Sasa</em>) and no understory plots (No<em>Sasa</em>) in six beech forests in Kyushu and San-in. The Kyushu region experiences more rainfall and less snow depth than the San-in region. In Kyushu, the abundance of soil microarthropods was 40 % significantly lower in the No<em>Sasa</em> plot than in the <em>Sasa</em> plot, whereas there were no significant differences in San-in. In both regions, soil bulk density was significantly higher in the No<em>Sasa</em> plot, but the effects of understory degradation were larger in Kyushu. These results suggest that understory degradation leads to soil runoff and reduces habitable pore spaces for soil microarthropods. Additionally, structural equation modelling analysis indicated that soil erosion following understory degradation was influenced by climatic conditions, and the increase in bulk density induced by soil erosion reduced the abundance of soil microarthropods. This finding suggests that the effects of understory degradation on soil microarthropods via changes in bulk density vary depending on climatic conditions and are stronger in erosion-prone areas. Our results imply that prevention measures for understory vegetation are urgently needed to maintain soil biodiversity, particularly in regions with climatic conditions that are highly susceptible to soil erosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103803"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use and soil texture drive shifts in communities of soil biota across natural and anthropogenic tropical ecosystems","authors":"Umar Hussaini Tarmizi ,&nbsp;Farhana Adilah Zahari ,&nbsp;Amirah Alias ,&nbsp;Seng Chee Poh ,&nbsp;Wei San Phang ,&nbsp;Kai Yue ,&nbsp;Yan Peng ,&nbsp;Siti Norasikin Ismail ,&nbsp;Xiangzhen Li ,&nbsp;Haris Hafizal Abd Hamid ,&nbsp;Mohamad Aqmal-Naser ,&nbsp;Alexandre Soares Rosado ,&nbsp;Jan Frouz ,&nbsp;Lars Vesterdal ,&nbsp;Rasmus Kjøller ,&nbsp;Jamilah Mohd Salim ,&nbsp;Petr Heděnec","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical ecosystems host immense aboveground biodiversity, but the diversity and dynamics of soil biota across different habitats and land-use types remain largely unexplored. We conducted a comprehensive field study of soil bacteria, fungi, and meso- and macrofauna across natural and anthropogenic sites along the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Natural sites included primary and secondary forest, peat forest, and tropical wetland, while anthropogenic sites included paddy field, oil palm plantation, durian orchard, and urban park with different anthropogenic pressure. Alpha diversity of soil biota differed significantly across various sampling sites, but no significant pattern was found between natural and anthropogenic land uses. Primary forests showed the highest Shannon-Wiener index for bacteria (11.1 ± 0.1), fungi (7.3 ± 0.3), and fauna (2.0 ± 0.2), while other sites showed a lower Shannon-Wiener index. Soil texture influenced bacterial and fungal diversity, while soil fauna was also shaped by pH and salinity. Beta diversity of soil microbiota was influenced mainly by soil texture and pH, while beta diversity of soil fauna was driven primarily by soil texture. Anthropogenic sites exhibited higher beta diversity than natural sites. Natural and anthropogenic networks differed in connectivity, with natural systems exhibiting more balanced and modular associations, while anthropogenic sites displayed denser but less cohesive linkages. Volatile organic compound (VOCs) and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes also varied significantly across different sampling locations and land uses. The GHG fluxes were shaped by soil texture and soil chemistry. Bacterial and fungal VOCs positively correlated with beta diversity of bacterial and fungal communities. Overall, land use and soil texture were key drivers of the diversity and composition of soil biota and ecosystem functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil tillage promotes predatory and phototrophic protists over parasitic protists","authors":"Julie Egelund Andersen,&nbsp;Rumakanta Sapkota,&nbsp;Athanasios Zervas,&nbsp;Anne Winding","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread practice of tillage, which disturbs soil structure and alters its physical and biological properties, may affect protist diversity and functional distribution. In this study, we investigated how tillage, fertilizer, and nitrification inhibitors influence the diversity, community composition, and functional groups of soil protists in a randomized agricultural field experiment comparing conventional tillage with reduced tillage, three nitrification inhibitors, and three fertilizers to test the hypotheses that tillage will decrease overall protist diversity and change protist composition, and that the change in protist community composition will depend on the functional traits, with a relative increase of predators. The genetic diversity of the protist community in 60 soil samples was assessed by DNA metabarcoding using primers targeting the V9 region of the 18S rRNA gene. To infer their ecological role in response to agricultural practices, we assigned trait-based functional diversity to our taxonomic data and found a significant increase in predators and phototrophs while parasites decreased in tilled soil compared to direct-seeded soil. These changes likely reflect bottom-up effects, light availability, and disruption of host-associated material. Fertilizer influenced community structure but not diversity or functional groups, while nitrification inhibitors showed no significant impact. This knowledge will help unravel the factors that shape the functional community structure of protists and will lead to a better understanding of the soil food web.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term effect of changing water regimes on the soil nematode community in rice-duckweed system under water-saving irrigation","authors":"Zeeshan Ahmed ,&nbsp;Junzeng Xu ,&nbsp;Weixuan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyin Liu ,&nbsp;Yawei Li ,&nbsp;Hang Guo ,&nbsp;Shengyu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice agroecosystems have garnered global attention owing to a unique transition from traditional flooding to water-saving practices, such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation, which features a dual-habitat ecosystem with high biodiversity throughout the growing period. Nematodes' taxonomic bioindication potential could reveal perturbations in the soil environment and changes in food web status under AWD. However, the influence of changing dual modes (dry and wet habitats) with duckweed (D) on nematodes was often overlooked. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to quantify the impact of flooding irrigation, and alternate wetting and drying irrigation on nematode abundance across four treatments: flooding irrigation with (FI + D) and without duckweed (FI), alternate wetting and drying irrigation with (AWD + D) and without (AWD) duckweed. For flooding irrigation, soil samples were taken at tillering, pre-mid-season drainage (MD), and at flowering post-MD. Similarly, for alternate wetting and drying irrigation at tillering and flowering for respective dry and wet cycles. The first AWD dry-cycle with duckweed (AWD + D) significantly reduced nematode abundance compared to the wet cycle (AWD + D) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.033). In FI, MD significantly reduced nematode abundance (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.007) compared to FI + D. Factor prediction analytics showed that pH in the FI post-MD and <span><math><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>−</mo><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span> in flooded and AWD-integrated treatments were the most influential abiotic drivers governing nematode taxonomic and functional diversity. AWD dry-wet cycles with duckweed, fuel colonizer CP (1–2, r-strategists) nematodes, indicating better soil health and higher microbial turnover than without duckweed. The AWD drying cycle with duckweed produced more mature, fertile soils with balanced bacterivores/fungivores and moderate C:N ratios, and demonstrated suppressive properties, which further seek an investigation into the link between soil biochemical enrichment from decomposing duckweed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of nutrient homeostasis by soil microbial functional differentiation and metabolic limitations under interactive forest type and Stropharia rugosoannulata cultivation","authors":"Suli Ke ,&nbsp;Tingyan Liu ,&nbsp;Longfei Hao ,&nbsp;Tuya Sharen ,&nbsp;Dongmei Ye ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanlin Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2026.103804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The forest-mushroom symbiosis model is a sustainable agroforestry practice; however, the microbial mechanisms driving nutrient cycling under different cultivation patterns remain unclear. This study systematically compared the effects of single (2022) versus continuous (2022 + 2024) cultivation of <em>Stropharia rugosoannulata</em> on soil microbial communities, metabolic limitations, and nutrient dynamics in three contrasting forest types: <em>Larix gmelinii</em> plantation, <em>Populus davidiana</em> plantation, and a natural secondary forest. Key findings revealed that (1) continuous cultivation universally enhanced microbial biomass carbon (+29.2 % to +83.2 %) but exacerbated carbon limitation, while shifting the primary nutrient limitation from nitrogen in plantations to phosphorus in the secondary forest. (2) Cultivation reshaped microbial communities, enriching copiotrophic bacteria (Proteobacteria and Firmicutes) and differentially stimulating fungal decomposers (Ascomycota in single-cultivation <em>P. davidiana</em> and Basidiomycota in continuous-cultivation secondary forest) (3) These microbial shifts drove divergent nutrient pathways: continuous cultivation boosted available phosphorus and total nutrients in <em>L. gmelinii</em> plantations, whereas single cultivation optimized available nitrogen in <em>P. davidiana</em> plantations. (4) Integrated path analysis revealed that forest type governs total nutrient cycling via metabolic limitations on microbial structure, whereas cultivation mode regulates available nutrients through metabolic constraints, with bacterial abundance as the core positive driver. Unlike previous studies focusing on single environments or substrates, the comprehensive pathway model proposed in this research reveals that continuously cultivated <em>S. rugosoannulata</em> regulates soil nutrient cycling through forest-type-dependent microbial pathways. This finding elucidates the underlying mechanisms behind its differential effects in plantation and secondary forest soils, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the precision management of forest fungal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 103804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}