{"title":"Protist diversity and co-occurrence patterns obtained by metabarcoding of terricolous lichens, coastal cliffs and a microbial mat in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile","authors":"Eduardo Acosta, Frank Nitsche, Hartmut Arndt","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Protists can endure challenging environments sustaining key ecosystem processes of the microbial food webs even under aridic or hypersaline conditions. We studied the diversity of protists at different latitudes of the Atacama Desert by massive sequencing of the hypervariable region V9 of the 18S rRNA gene from soils and microbial mats collected in the Andes. The main protist groups in soils detected in active stage through cDNA were cercozoans, ciliates, and kinetoplastids, while the diversity of protists was higher including diatoms and amoebae in the microbial mat detected solely through DNA. Co-occurrence networks from soils indicated similar assemblages dominated by amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) identified as <em>Rhogostoma</em>, <em>Euplotes</em>, and <em>Neobodo</em>. Microbial mat networks, on the other hand, were structured by ASVs classified as raphid-pennate diatoms and amoebae from the genera <em>Hartmannella</em> and <em>Vannella</em>, mostly negatively correlated to flagellates and microalgae. Additionally, our phylogenetic inferences of ASVs classified as <em>Euplotes</em>, <em>Neobodo</em>, and <em>Rhogostoma</em> were supported by sequence data of strains isolated during this study. Our results represent the first snapshot of the diversity patterns of culturable and unculturable protists and putative keystone taxa detected at remote habitats from the Atacama Desert.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0932473924000580/pdfft?md5=30f646a13589443cbaafd0a4351779e8&pid=1-s2.0-S0932473924000580-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Description of Conchophthirus sinanodontae n. sp. (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatia), a new endocommensal ciliate of the freshwater mussel Sinanodonta woodiana from Korea","authors":"Kyu-Seok Chae , Jae-Ho Jung , Gi-Sik Min","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new ciliate, <em>Conchophthirus sinanodontae</em> n. sp., which was discovered in the freshwater mussel <em>Sinanodonta woodiana</em> (Lea, 1834) from the Chilsancheon River, Buyeo-gun, South Korea, were investigated. The new species was characterized and could be distinguished from congeners by a combination of characters including the ovate body outline, four to six oral polykinetids deeply embedded in the upper wall of the buccal cavity, six to ten vestibular kineties, 34–49 ventral and 36–53 dorsal somatic kineties. The genetic differences among <em>C. sinanodontae</em> n. sp. and other congeners with available 18S rDNA sequences further support its distinctness. Moreover, the phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rDNA sequences show that the new species clusters with other congeners, corroborating the monophyly of the genus <em>Conchophthirus</em>. The <em>Conchophthirus</em> clade nests within the cluster of <em>Dexiotricha</em> spp., <em>Loxocephalus luridus</em>, and <em>Haptophrya</em> spp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An investigation into the morphological variation and ecological-environmental range of Cyphoderia compressa: A case study of Scottish material","authors":"Jim Buckman , Vladimir Krivtsov , Alex J. Poulton","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Cyphoderia compressa</em> has only been described from supralittoral environments, as a psammobiont, with salinities from 1.33 to 36.00 ‰. Other <em>Cyphoderia</em> species such as those in the <em>C. ampulla</em> species complex are more ecologically and environmentally widespread, occurring as free-living individuals within water bodies or in association with vegetation, and over a wider salinity range, including freshwater. We postulate that <em>C. compressa</em> may not be as restricted in terms of its environmental or ecological distribution. To this end, we examined a variety of water and sediment samples from Scottish localities, ranging from supralittoral to inland freshwater environments. The Scottish material occurs as a psammobiont within supralittoral beach sands and is newly recorded within sands from freshwater to brackish stream sections and along the margin of the freshwater Loch Lomond. It is also recorded from freshwater to brackish settings as part of the stream and pond water biota, associated biofilm and vegetative material. Test morphology is more variable than previously appreciated, including those with a papillate fundus, and many that are not as laterally compressed as typified by the species. Differences in plate morphology and size were also noted, as well as a novel arcuate cross-cutting ridged cement structure, that is restricted to <em>C. compressa</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0932473924000567/pdfft?md5=d160aa9ca30248b59d8fef74548955ed&pid=1-s2.0-S0932473924000567-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leon Berchtenbreiter , Abdullah Emir Mumcu , Antonia Stephanie Rackevei , J. Mark Cock , Hiroshi Kawai , Matthias Wolf
{"title":"18S and ITS2 rRNA gene sequence-structure phylogeny of the Phaeophyceae (SAR, Stramenopiles) with special reference to Laminariales","authors":"Leon Berchtenbreiter , Abdullah Emir Mumcu , Antonia Stephanie Rackevei , J. Mark Cock , Hiroshi Kawai , Matthias Wolf","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The phylogeny of brown algae (Phaeophyceae) has undergone extensive changes in the recent past due to regular new scientific insights. We used nuclear 18S rDNA with an extensive dataset, aiming to increase the accuracy and robustness of the reconstructed phylogenetic trees using a simultaneous sequence-structure approach. Individual secondary structures were generated for all 18S rDNA sequences. The sequence-structure information was encoded and used for an automated simultaneous sequence-structure alignment. Neighbor-joining and profile neighbor-joining trees were calculated based on 186 phaeophycean sequence-structure pairs. Additionally, sequence-structure neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood trees were reconstructed on a representative subset. Using a similar approach, ITS2 rDNA sequence-structure information was used to reconstruct a neighbor-joining tree including 604 sequence-structure pairs of the Laminariales. Our study results are in significant agreement with previous single marker 18S and ITS2 rDNA analyses. Moreover, the 18S results are in wide agreement with recent multi-marker analyses. The bootstrap support was significantly higher for our sequence-structure analysis in comparison to sequence-only analyses in this study and the available literature. This study supports the simultaneous inclusion of sequence-structure data at least for 18S to obtain more accurate and robust phylogenetic trees compared to sequence-only analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0932473924000579/pdfft?md5=47ff8a30b8663718d21e5038900254e1&pid=1-s2.0-S0932473924000579-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen-Long Song , Min Li , Zi-Qi Wang , Shuang-Lin Chen
{"title":"Taxonomy and phylogeny of three species in Perichaena sensu lato (Myxomycetes = Myxogastria) from China","authors":"Wen-Long Song , Min Li , Zi-Qi Wang , Shuang-Lin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>After <em>Gulielmina</em> was erected and <em>Ophiotheca</em> was resurrected based on some species originally included in <em>Perichaena</em> (Trichiaceae, Trichiales, Myxomyxetes), some specimens from the Herbarium of Fungi of Nanjing Normal University previously identified as <em>Perichaena</em> species were reexamined from morphological and two-gene (nuclear 18S rDNA and elongation factor-1 alpha) phylogenetic perspectives. In this study, two new myxomycete species, <em>Gulielmina subreticulospora</em> and <em>Ophiotheca dictyospora</em>, are described. <em>Gulielmina subreticulospora</em> shows the following character combination: branched plasmodiocarps, single peridium with circular protrusions in the inner surface, capillitium (2.4–)2.8–3.0(–3.4) μm in diameter, spores (7.4–)8.0–8.5(–9.0) μm in diameter and sub-reticulated. <em>Ophiotheca dictyospora</em> shows the following character combination: sessile sporocarps to short plasmodiocarps, single peridium with a densely irregular network and protrusions in the inner surface, capillitium (2.7–)3.5–5.0(–7.1) μm in diameter, uneven, decorated with spines of uneven size, spores (7.7–)8.2–8.6(–9.4) μm in diameter including obviously complete cristate reticulation with serrated edges, with deep and clear grids. Both new taxa were compared with related species and their genetic isolation was statistically tested. Moreover, a comprehensive morphological description and a detailed figure plate are provided for <em>Perichaena verrucifera</em>, and its phylogenetic position is determined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141394200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingxuan Luo , Junqi Guo , Yu Hu , Jiamei Jiang , Hongbo Pan
{"title":"Coleps shanghaiensis n. sp. challenges the validity of the genus Levicoleps (Cilophora, Prostomatida)","authors":"Lingxuan Luo , Junqi Guo , Yu Hu , Jiamei Jiang , Hongbo Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Coleps</em> is a common genus of pelagic ciliates in freshwater and brackish water habitats. Classification and phylogeny of <em>Coleps</em> species are, however, still full of confusion. In this study, we investigated <em>Coleps shanghaiensis</em> n. sp., collected from a river in Shanghai, China, by living observation, protargol staining, and molecular methods. <em>Coleps shanghaiensis</em> is about 70–90 µm × 35–55 µm in size, has a barrel-shaped body with three posterior spines, and possesses 21–24 ciliary rows, each composed of two perioral dikinetids and 19–22 monokinetids, and six caudal cilia. In SSU rRNA gene phylogenies, <em>C. shanghaiensis</em> fell within the clade of subspecies of <em>Levicoleps biwae</em>, which questions the validity of the genus <em>Levicoleps</em>. Furthermore, the biogeography of the genus <em>Coleps</em> is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protists in science communication","authors":"Álmos Becz , Federico Buonanno , Gabriele Achille , Claudio Ortenzi , Sabine Wanzenböck , Alan Warren , Bettina Sonntag","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite their high abundance and wide distribution in ecosystems, most protists remain unknown to the public. Although science communication approaches were developed in historical times to raise public awareness of these ‘enigmatic’ taxa, many aspects have not been considered in the spotlight of modern techniques. We present selected ideas and activities on how to attract the public to unicellular eukaryotes. We give examples of how protists can be included in educational work. We explain that trained non-experts can understand and teach others how to recognize protists, where they live, in which habitats they can be found, what they look like and why they are important. Consequently, members of the public can learn how environmental threats impact not only the lives of protists but also ours, e.g., by the accumulation of microplastics through an aquatic food web, up to fish used for human consumption. We suggest age-appropriate methods for application in workshops on protist recognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141229311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franciane Cedrola , Gözde Gürelli , Marcus Vinicius Xavier Senra , Millke Jasmine Arminini Morales , Roberto Júnio Pedroso Dias , Vera Nisaka Solferini
{"title":"Phylogenomics corroborates morphology: New discussions on the systematics of Trichostomatia (Ciliophora, Litostomatea)","authors":"Franciane Cedrola , Gözde Gürelli , Marcus Vinicius Xavier Senra , Millke Jasmine Arminini Morales , Roberto Júnio Pedroso Dias , Vera Nisaka Solferini","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The subclass Trichostomatia (Ciliophora, Litostomatea) constitutes a well-supported monophyletic group, which includes ciliates exclusively found as symbionts of vertebrates, primarily herbivorous mammals. Recent molecular analyses reinforce the subclass monophyly, though almost all orders, suborders, families, and genera are found to be non-monophyletic. Here, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of the subclass Trichostomatia using a phylogenomic approach and discussed some systematic inconsistencies. We propose a new Ophryoscolecidae genus, <em>Dagostonium</em>, to include <em>Diplodinium polygonale</em>. <em>Monoposthium cynodontum</em> is transferred to the genus <em>Cycloposthium</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mireya Ramírez-Ballesteros , Carlos Alberto Durán-Ramírez , Victor Manuel Romero-Niembro , Rosaura Mayén-Estrada
{"title":"Epibiotic ciliate communities on the crayfish Procambarus (Austrocambarus) sp. cultivated in a rustic aquaculture in southern Mexico","authors":"Mireya Ramírez-Ballesteros , Carlos Alberto Durán-Ramírez , Victor Manuel Romero-Niembro , Rosaura Mayén-Estrada","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rustic aquaculture systems represent a sustainable production alternative in the world, providing appropriate conditions for the establishment of epibiotic ciliates on crayfish. However, the impact of epibiotic ciliates on the aquaculture production has been insufficiently studied hitherto. The objective of this work was to identify the epibiotic ciliates on the surface of the crayfish <em>Procambarus</em> (<em>Austrocambarus</em>) sp. and analyze whether there is any correlation between seasonality and environmental conditions in an artificial pond in Chiapas, Mexico. The crayfish were collected during dry and rainy seasons to investigate their ciliate epibionts. Some physical and chemical parameters of the sampled water were measured and correlation matrix analyses were applied to detect possible relationships between the presence of ciliates and environmental parameters. Thirteen species belonging to the subclasses Peritrichia and Suctoria were identified. Significant differences were found for some environmental parameters and species recorded in both seasons. The present data could help to better understand the relationship bewteen the epibiotic ciliate community on crayfish and some environmental parameters in aquaculture systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 126092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0932473924000427/pdfft?md5=dc80aed5afbf09a1a85de88df3b7fa77&pid=1-s2.0-S0932473924000427-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141030337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniele Corsaro , Martin Mrva , Philippe Colson , Julia Walochnik
{"title":"Validation and redescription of Acanthamoeba terricola Pussard, 1964 (Amoebozoa: Acanthamoebidae)","authors":"Daniele Corsaro , Martin Mrva , Philippe Colson , Julia Walochnik","doi":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Acanthamoeba castellanii</em> (Douglas, 1930) Page, 1967 is the type species of a widespread genus of free-living amoebae, potentially pathogenic for humans and animals. The Neff strain is one of the most widely used in biological research, serving as a model for both <em>A. castellanii</em> and the whole genus in general. The Neff strain, isolated in California, closely resembles another strain found in France and originally described as a separate species, <em>Acanthamoeba terricola</em> Pussard, 1964, but both were successively synonymized with <em>A. castellanii</em>. Molecular sequence analysis has largely replaced morphological diagnosis for species identification in <em>Acanthamoeba</em>, and rDNA phylogenies show that the Neff strain forms a distinct lineage from that of the type strain of <em>A. castellanii</em>. In this study, we compared the type strain of <em>A. terricola</em> with the Neff strain and <em>A. castellanii</em>, and analysed the available molecular data including new sequences obtained from <em>A. terricola</em>. Here we provide molecular evidence to validate the species <em>A. terricola</em>. The Neff strain is therefore transferred to <em>A. terricola</em> and should no longer be considered as belonging to <em>A. castellanii</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12042,"journal":{"name":"European journal of protistology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141031470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}