Environmental Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of subinhibitory concentrations on the spreading of the ampicillin resistance gene <i>bla_CMY-2</i> in an activated sludge microcosm.","authors":"Daniel Basiry, Roald Kommedal, Krista Michelle Kaster","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2394719","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2394719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the problem of multi-resistant bacteria grows a better understanding of the spread of antibiotic resistance genes is of utmost importance for society. Wastewater treatment plants contain subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and are thought to be hotspots for antibiotic resistance gene propagation. Here we evaluate the influence of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on the spread of resistance genes within the bacterial community in activated sludge laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors. The mixed communities were fed two different ampicillin concentrations (500 and 5000 µg/L) and the reactors were run and monitored for 30 days. During the experiment the β-lactamase resistance gene <i>bla</i>_CMY-2 was monitored via qPCR and DNA samples were taken to monitor the effect of ampicillin on the microbial community. The relative copy number of <i>bla</i>_CMY-2 in the reactor fed with the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of 500 µg/L ampicillin was spread out over a wider range of values than the control and 5000 µg/L ampicillin reactors indicating more variability of gene number in the 500 µg/L reactor. This result emphasises the problem of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics in wastewater. High-throughput sequencing showed that continuous exposure to ampicillin caused a shift from a Bacteroidetes to Proteobacteria in the bacterial community. The combined use of qPCR and high-throughput sequencing showed that ampicillin stimulates the spread of resistance genes and leads to the propagation of microbial populations which are resistant to it.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1612-1624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and experimental studies of cephalexin adsorption on aluminium as a new alternative of removal from wastewater.","authors":"María Yesenia Díaz-Cárdenas, Victoria Bustos-Terrones, Samantha Giselle López-Aguilar, Angélica Sánchez-Ponce, Jorge Uruchurtu-Chavarín, Gabriela Eleonora Moeller-Chávez","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2390150","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2390150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cephalexin (CPX) is an antibiotic widely used to treat many infections. CPX has become an emerging pollutant present in wastewater. On the other hand, it is well known that organic compounds can be adsorbed over metal surfaces when the metal is in active state such as when it is rusting. This work proposes an alternative for the elimination of CPX from wastewater, applying electrochemical principles using a conventional and cheap substrate, aluminium. The first part consisted of obtaining the active states of aluminium electrodes carrying out voltametric curves at different pH (4, 7 and 9) to find the particular condition of interaction between CPX and metal surface. The potential was used in the potentiostatic tests to set the activation potential of metal at different times. After the treatment, electrolyte solutions were analysed using UV-vis spectra, and the aluminium surfaces were studied by optical micrographs and X-ray diffraction. In addition, aluminium-CPX interactions were corroborated by quantum-chemical calculations and adsorption isotherms. All results indicate that it was possible for the CPX removal at basic pH conditions, where the molecule adsorption on the aluminium substrate occurs due to a strong electrostatic interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1412-1422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient removal of organic matter and nitrogen from municipal wastewater in multi-module biochar filters for onsite wastewater treatment.","authors":"Makoto Shigei, Roger B Herbert, Frank Persson, Ekaterina Sokolova, Sahar S Dalahmeh","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2402096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2024.2402096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biochar is a promising material for wastewater treatment. This study assessed multi-module biochar filters (MmBFs) as onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs), comprising movable modules filled with biochar to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, phosphorus, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) in wastewater. The MmBF treats wastewater sequentially through six modules: three aerobic modules (M1-M3) for organic matter oxidation and nitrification, two anoxic modules (M4-M5) for denitrification, and an additional module (M6) for the removal of faecal bacteria using biochar and bark. The experiments ran for 381 days using three identical MmBF pilots with two distinct sampling periods, conducted under conditions relevant to OWTSs using municipal wastewater as influent. Water samples were taken from the influent, final effluent, and effluent of each module to evaluate the removal efficiency of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and <i>E. coli</i>. During the second sampling period, the results showed a 95 ± 2.1% removal of COD, along with a substantial removal of total inorganic nitrogen (71 ± 6.6%). However, phosphate removal was limited (3.4 ± 30.4%). <i>E. coli</i> removal decreased from 2.63 ± 0.93 log₁₀ removal in the first sampling period to 1.8 ± 0.73 log₁₀ removal in the second sampling period. In summary, the MmBFs showed promising potential in treating organic matter, nitrogen, and <i>E. coli</i>, making it an alternative option for OWTS. However, further exploration is needed to assess long-term performance, micropollutant removal, and biological activities. Design enhancements, especially for phosphorus removal are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":"46 9","pages":"1531-1543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green and sustainable strategies to control scaling in industrial plants: investigation of the efficacy of <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L. Extract against CaCO₃ scale using experimental and theoretical approaches.","authors":"Mohamed El Housse, Abdallah Hadfi, Manal A Alossaimi, Ilham Karmal, Brahim E L Ibrahimi, Said Ben-Aazza, M'barek Belattar, D E Abd-El-Khalek, Yassine Riadi, Noureddine Iberache, Imane Ammayen, Mustapha Nassiri, Sara Darbal, Ali Driouiche","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2391074","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2391074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, plant extracts have attracted increased interest as green alternatives to conventional anti-scaling. This is because they contain a wide range of bioactive compounds with high performance against inorganic scale. Additionally, they are biodegradable and pose minimal risks to human health and ecosystems. The present study aimed to assess the protection offered by the <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L. leaf extract for industrial plant surfaces against the CaCO₃ scale. Before assessing the anti-scaling performance of the <i>Rosmarinus</i> extract, phytochemical characterisation was performed by quantitative assays and HPLC-DAD analysis. Subsequently, the inhibition potential of the extract was studied using the conductivity and LCEE tests at 25°C and TH = 40°f. In addition, SEM and XRD analysis were used to assess the effect of the extract on scale morphology and crystalline phases. Finally, DFT calculations and Monte Carlo simulation were carried out to enhance knowledge of the interaction between inhibitor molecules and CaCO₃(104) and (110) surfaces and optimise [extract molecule - Ca]²⁺ complexes. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of several phenolic compounds (rosmarinic acid, vanillic acid, cinnamic acid, rutin, kaempferol, trans chalcone and quercetin). Further LCEE studies demonstrated the promising anti-scaling activity of the extract at an effective concentration of 54 mg/L. SEM micrographs and XRD diffractograms revealed a significant change in the morphology and phases of precipitated CaCO₃ scales upon the addition of the inhibitor. In addition, the computational approach strongly supported the experimental results. These results underlined the <i>Rosmarinus</i> extract's potential as a valuable green and sustainable scaling inhibitor source.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1454-1467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the elimination characteristics of smoke particles with different materials using electric agglomeration technology.","authors":"Mingfeng Lu, Jie Feng, Kaige Wang, Yunchao Li, Dingkun Yuan, Guangxue Zhang, Hailin Gu","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405663","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fire smoke, consisting of solid particles and liquid droplets, poses risks of asphyxiation, poisoning, making it a significant contributor to fire-related fatalities and environmental pollution. The exploration of effective smoke control methods represents a vital approach to reducing the threat of fire smoke to public health and safety. This study aims to determine the characteristics of elimination for the fire smoke generated from burning four typical materials, thereby validating the universality of electric agglomeration smoke elimination technology. The results indicate that the elimination efficiency of electric agglomeration varies with the material type of the smoke. The rate of change in smoke transmittance from fast to slow is: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), wood, and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), respectively. With an external potential of 4 kV, PVC smoke reaches the safe threshold after 12.1 s, while SBR smoke achieves it in just 4.9 s. Analysis of the microscopic morphology of agglomerates with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that particle size distribution is an important factor affecting electric agglomeration elimination. This is because larger initial particles carry a greater charge, enabling the formation of larger agglomerates for more efficient removal. This study provides theoretical guidance for the practical application of electric agglomeration in eliminating smoke particles.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1804-1816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transesterification of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production using alkaline-modified graphitic carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst.","authors":"Monika, Vinayak V Pathak, Sangita Banga","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405032","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing efficient, stable, cost-effective, and environmentally benign heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification is highly required for sustainable biodiesel production. The present study explores the biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO) using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) and its alkaline-modified nanocatalyst. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). From the XRD analysis, crystalline sizes of g-C₃N₄ and alkaline g-C₃N₄ were found to be 26 and 29 nm, respectively. Transesterification of WCO was carried out at 60 °C for a reaction time of 2 h using 2 wt.% of g-C₃N₄ and alkaline g-C₃N₄. Transesterification reaction catalysed by alkaline-modified g-C₃N₄ was found with a higher yield of biodiesel (89%) than the biodiesel yield (78%) with transesterification reaction catalysed by g-C₃N₄. The recyclability of both catalysts was also evaluated by reusing them for up to the 5th cycle. The obtained biodiesel was analyzed by using FTIR and GC-MS. The synthesised biodiesel was found to have significant level of monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, which make it usefuel for use as fuel. Some physicochemical properties of the obtained biodiesel were also calculated and found appropriate as per the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. With high reusability and good catalytic activity, the synthesised alkaline-modified g-C₃N₄ can be employed as a viable option for biodiesel production from WCO.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1755-1765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermal chemical modification of red mud for efficient adsorption of methylene blue.","authors":"Haiyi Hu, Yongqiong Yang, Guiyong Zhou, Ning Wang, Hannian Gu","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2391078","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2391078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Red mud (RM) is the industrial solid waste produced after alumina extraction from bauxite, and most RM is directly discharged to the landfill yards without any treatment. In this study, modified red mud (MRM) was synthesized by a hydrothermal chemical modification method as an efficient adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal. The prepared MRM was characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The effects of reaction time, initial MB concentrations, MRM dosage, temperature, and system pH were investigated in the MB batch adsorption experiments. The results showed that the modification method increased the specific surface area of RM material from 16.72 to 414.47 m²/g. The maximum adsorption capacity of MRM for MB was 280.18 mg/g under the conditions of initial MB concentration of 1000 mg/L, reaction time of 300 min, temperature of 25 ℃, and natural pH of 6.06. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherms were demonstrated to fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Temkin isotherm, respectively. This study provides a new method for the valorization of RM and demonstrates that MRM can be used as a low cost and environmentally friendly potential adsorbent for the removal of MB from wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1586-1599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141992264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving endogenous partial denitrification by cultivating denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms.","authors":"Lianrong Zhao, Ziwei Chen, Xiaoling Zhang, Aixia Chen","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2398811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2398811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) is considered a promising process due to its high efficiency and low energy in nitrogen removal, nitrite inadequacy was one of the bottlenecks for the application of anammox. However, endogenous partial denitrification (EPD) has been emerging as a stable pathway to provide nitrite for anammox. Furthermore, denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms (DGAOs) are believed to be associated with EPD. In this study, firstly, GAOs were gradually enriched in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with the dual strategy of influent phosphorus limitation and withdrawal after the anaerobic stage. DGAOs were successfully induced by adding sodium nitrate solution at the end of the anaerobic stage, resulting in NO₃^--N concentration increasing from 15 to 30 mg/L. During a typical SBR cycle, DGAOs contributed up to 96% of the conversion of intracellular carbon sources and up to around 95% of nitrate reduction during the anoxic stage. The maximum nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio (NTR) of the system reached 80%. Microbial community analysis demonstrated that the <i>Ca.</i> Compatibactors were the dominant functional bacteria for EPD, with a relative abundance of 31.12%. However, the relative abundance of phosphorous-accumulating organisms (PAOs) was only 1.02%. This study reveals the important role of DGAOs in the EPD process, which can provide a stable nitrite for anammox.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1693-1703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on high temperature gaseous hydrogen fluoride corrosion of boiler water-cooled wall pipes.","authors":"Jigang Zhang, Zijun Liu, Kun Cheng, Lianqin Jia, Kuihua Han","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405945","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogen fluoride (HF) corrosion of boiler water-cooled wall pipes at high temperature hinders the co-disposal of fluorinated hazardous wastes and coal by combustion. In this paper, common water-cooled wall pipes (15CrMoG and 20G) were utilized to perform gaseous HF corrosion experiments at high temperature on a horizontal tube furnace. The effects of temperature on HF corrosion of different water-cooled wall pipes in 0.2% HF were investigated. Corrosion kinetics curve was obtained by calculating the mass increase due to corrosion. The microscopic morphology and physical phase composition of water-cooled wall pipes after HF corrosion were analyzed. The corrosion resistances of the two water-cooled wall pipes decrease with increasing the temperature. The corrosion weight gain curves of 15CrMoG and 20G at 550 ℃ are Δ<i>W</i>^1.9144= 0.2100<i>t</i> and Δ<i>W</i>^1.8356= 0.1344<i>t</i>, respectively. The average corrosion rates of 15CrMoG and 20G are 0.0177 and 0.0125 mg/(cm²·h), respectively. The corrosion resistance of 15CrMoG is superior compared to 20G. The HF corrosion at high temperature consists of non-alternating fluorination and oxidation of the metal matrix. This study is of great significance for the protection of boilers with HF corrosion at high temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1857-1872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen reducing mechanism by microporous aeration based on microbial population characteristics: water temperature factor.","authors":"Cheng Lu, Yong Wang, Shengnan Zhou, Wen Cheng, JiaXuan Wang, XinYan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2024.2405665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The formation of black odour water is primarily attributed to the elevated concentration of organic pollutants, along with an excessive amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, ultimately leading to an anoxic aquatic environment. The water temperature influence mechanism on black-odorous water restoration by microporous aeration is still lacking depth study. This paper selected (15-18) ℃ (spring and autumn), (22-25) ℃ (summer), (8-11) ℃ (winter) as temperature conditions, and investigated temperature influence on nitrogen reduction. Researches showed that: (1) The removal rates of COD, NH₄⁺-N and TN were significantly positively correlated with temperature (r = 0.99, 0.96, 0.97), the lowest removal rates were 83.16%, 95.68%, 58.7% ((8-11) ℃), the highest values were 92.67%, 98.27%, 70.96% ((22-25) ℃), respectively. (2) At a temperature range of 22-25°C, the microbial community exhibited the highest levels of abundance, diversity, and uniformity. Notably, <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominated this temperature range with a relative abundance of 79.72%. Furthermore, temperature positively correlated with the majority of dominant bacterial species, suggesting that conditions at 22-25°C are highly conducive to the growth of most bacterial communities. Among these, <i>Limnohabitans</i>, <i>Alsobacter</i>, and <i>Candidatus_Aquirestis</i>, which possess key functions in denitrification and nitrogen removal, displayed significantly higher abundances. It explains the positive correlation between temperature and removal rates of COD, TN and NH₄⁺-N from microbial population's perspective. Thus, the best temperature for repairing black-smelly water is (22-25) ℃. This study provides technical reference for mechanism research and practical application of microporous aeration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1828-1841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}