Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Associated Factors of First Aid Services Related to Motorcycle Accidents among Motorcycle Drivers in Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mesafint Tilahun Alemayehu, Tola Getachew Bekele, Merahi Kefyalew, Wagari Tuli","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.8","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>First aid is a vital initial step in reducing serious injuries and improving the chances of survival. However, limited literature exists on first aid services among motorcycle drivers in developing countries, including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors related to first aid services for motorcycle accidents among drivers in Dilla town, Southern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15 to April 15, 2023, among randomly selected motorcycle drivers in selected ketenas of Dilla town. Data were entered into EpiData 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for coding, cleaning, and analysis. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 272 respondents participated in the study, with a mean age of 26.21 ± 4.95 years. More than half of the respondents, 149 (54.8%), had good knowledge, and 140 (51.5%) had a positive attitude, while only 109 (40.1%) demonstrated good practice regarding first aid services. After adjusting for confounders, attending college or university (AOR = 3.937; 95% CI: 1.175-13.194) was significantly associated with good knowledge. Being aged ≥33 years (AOR = 4.4; 95% CI: 1.56-12.6) was significantly associated with good practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that nearly half of motorcycle drivers in Dilla town had adequate knowledge and positive attitudes toward first aid, but only about two-fifths demonstrated good practice. Higher educational level and older age were significantly associated with good knowledge and practice of first aid, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewer Fatigue in Peer Review: A Need for New Strategies to Overcome.","authors":"Eyob Girma Abera, Daniel Yilma","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.1","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"312-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, Knowledge, and Perceptions of Neglected Tropical Diseases among Personnel of a Tertiary Hospital in Makurdi, Nigeria: Controlling Neglected Tropical Diseases.","authors":"Nndunno Asheku Akwaras, David Aondona Daniel, Tongriang Ben-Ameh, Laadi Terrumun Swende, Bamidele Ohiozoje Ornguga, Grace Nwunuji Rimamnunra","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.6","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a group of 20 diverse communicable diseases of significant public health concern. Adequately trained personnel play a vital role in implementing effective NTD control programs, as their expertise directly influences patient outcomes and the overall success of intervention strategies. This study assessed the awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of NTDs among staff in a tertiary healthcare facility in Benue State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed to study 310 randomly selected respondents using an interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of respondents were aged 31-50 years (75.4%), predominantly female (54.8%), married (72.9%), and had tertiary education (97.4%). Most were health-related professionals (59.7%). Overall, 72.6% of respondents were aware of NTDs, but only 42.6% demonstrated good knowledge. The main source of information was schools/seminars (85.8%). However, only 18.5% could name at least one NTD. Health-related disciplines significantly influenced knowledge, including recognition of NTDs as public health issues (P = 0.030) and awareness of vaccine-preventable NTDs (P = 0.001). Preventive measures such as health education and improved sanitation were widely endorsed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While awareness of NTDs was relatively high, good knowledge remained suboptimal, particularly among non-health-related professionals. Health-related disciplines significantly influenced both awareness and knowledge, underscoring the need for targeted educational interventions in non-health sectors. Strengthening public health education, integrating NTD-related content into broader curricula, and prioritizing funding for NTD control measures are recommended to bridge knowledge gaps and promote effective prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"346-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Nutrition on Academic Performance of First-cycle Primary School Children in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ermiyas Endewunet Melaku, Aklile Semu Tefera","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.4","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary school age is a critical period marked by rapid physical growth and significant mental development. While brain development is largely guided by genetic factors, it is also influenced by environmental elements such as nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nutritional status on the academic performance of first-cycle primary school children in the North Shoa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 21 to August 30, 2023, using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, as well as document reviews. Data entry was performed using Epi Data, and analysis was carried out using STATA version 14. Results were summarized using frequency tables and graphs. Binary logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with academic performance, and significant variables (p < 0.05) were further analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 514 students participated in the study. Approximately 56% demonstrated good academic performance. Factors significantly associated with academic performance included maternal education level (AOR = 4.08, 95% CI: 1.60-10.40), regular breakfast consumption (AOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 2.16-8.37), body mass index (AOR = 4.12, 95% CI: 3.04-5.57), and dietary diversity score (AOR = 3.33, 95% CI: 1.99-5.57).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed a relatively low level of academic performance among students in the study area. Maternal education, regular breakfast intake, healthy BMI, and higher dietary diversity were identified as key factors positively associated with academic achievement. Interventions aimed at improving child nutrition and parental education could enhance academic outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"328-337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Urban Indian population towards Corona Virus Vaccination.","authors":"Rama Parthasrathy, Jayakumar Rajagopal, M Gunasekar","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.9","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In COVID-19 vaccination, the government faced considerable challenges in encouraging people to get vaccinated due to misinformation, vaccine hesitancy, and communication gaps. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccination among the urban population of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, observational, questionnaire-based study was conducted among the urban population of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu. The questionnaire, adapted from a previous study, was translated into both English and Tamil and comprised four sections: socio-demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions. Data were collected through both offline (printed) and online (Google Forms) methods over a one-year period prior to the widespread rollout of mass COVID-19 vaccination programs in India. A total of 402 participants were enrolled, and responses were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that 51.24% of participants demonstrated high knowledge, 69.65% had a positive attitude, and 85.82% showed a generally favorable perception toward vaccination. The mean knowledge and attitude scores were 2.45±1.16 and 9.35±3.28, respectively. About 54% of participants agreed that vaccines are safe, while 51% believed that vaccination increased allergic reactions. A majority (57.96%) relied on mass media, alongside social media, as their main source of vaccine-related information. Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, education, and occupation were not significant predictors of knowledge, attitude, or perception. Age, however, emerged as a significant predictor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed that participants had reasonable knowledge and favorable attitudes and perceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Nevertheless, misinformation and unverified content on social media contributed to hesitancy among some individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"373-379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Malaria and Associated Factors among Under Five Febrile Children Attending Ener Amanuel Health Center, Southern Ethiopia: An Institution-based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Sintayehu Tsegaye Tseha, Mamaru Ebabu, Temam Aberar","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.2","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria is a major public health problem in Ethiopia, including Enor-Ener Woreda. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of malaria among febrile children under five years of age attending Ener Amanuel Health Center, Southern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ener Amanuel Health Center, located in Enor-Ener Woreda, from December 2022 to April 2023. A total of 218 febrile children under five years were enrolled. Blood samples were collected, and malaria was diagnosed using microscopy. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with Plasmodium infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of malaria was 21.1% in Enor-Ener Woreda, with P. falciparum being the predominant species (60.9%). Factors significantly associated with Plasmodium infection included proximity to mosquito breeding sites (P=0.025), not sleeping under insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) (P=0.021), and having beds unsuitable for ITN hanging (0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Malaria remains a significant public health concern in the study area. Key factors associated with infection include the presence of mosquito breeding sites and improper ITN use. Strengthening ITN utilization and eliminating mosquito breeding sites are essential to reduce the malaria burden among under-five children in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"314-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude of Working-Class Women Towards Exclusive Breastfeeding in Kwara State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling Practice.","authors":"Lateef Omotosho Adegboyega, Ifeoma P Okafor, Falilat Anike Okesina, Samuel Kolawole Ajiboye, Muinat Bolanle Bello","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.7","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i5.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding has long been recognized across cultures and societies as the optimal method of infant nutrition. This study therefore examined the knowledge and attitudes of working-class women towards exclusive breastfeeding in Kwara State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive survey design was employed. Using a simple random sampling technique, 420 respondents were selected. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, including mean, rank order, and percentages, were used to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that working-class women in Kwara State possessed knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding, including its benefits, techniques, and barriers. However, 67.1% of respondents demonstrated a negative attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding. The results further showed no significant differences in knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding based on age or educational qualification. In contrast, significant differences were observed in attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding according to both age (<i>F=4.83</i>, <i>p<0.05</i>) and educational qualification (<i>F=11.33</i>, <i>p<0.05</i>).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although working-class mothers generally possess adequate knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding, there is a need for targeted educational and training programs to improve their attitudes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 5","pages":"355-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Education Cost of Dental Students Using the Activity-Based Costing Method at Iran University of Medical Sciences.","authors":"Mahmoud Zamandi, Behzad Raei","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i4.8","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i4.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate cost and pricing information is essential for optimal budget allocation and sound strategic decision-making. Establishing an appropriate costing system is critical for understanding educational expenses, improving services, and managing budgets more efficiently. This study aimed to estimate the cost of educating students at the dental school during the 2022-23 academic year.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study estimated the cost of educating dental students at Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2023 using the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) method. Data were collected through interviews with financial and administrative officials, as well as relevant units such as accounting and administration, utilizing a structured checklist. After estimating the costs of activity centers, overhead and intermediate center expenses were allocated to final activity centers based on suitable allocation bases. Ultimately, the costs associated with the final activity centers which is, the educational departments, were determined, and the total cost per student was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average cost of educating a general dentistry student in the 2022-23 academic year was approximately 132,438 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) adjusted US Dollars. In the dental school, total overhead costs amounted to 802,953, while total direct costs were 1,133,853 in PPP-adjusted dollars. The largest portion of total costs (61%) was attributed to human resources, followed by consumables (20%) and equipment depreciation (14%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of costs are allocated to human resources, indicating the need to enhance productivity. Reducing consumable costs and equipment depreciation could further improve financial efficiency. It is recommended that managers and policymakers implement strategies to optimize resources and enhance educational quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 4","pages":"282-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of Vitamin A Rich Foods and Their Primary Dietary Sources among Rural Preschoolers in the Gambella Region, Southwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Dessalegn Tamiru, Gorden Koang Dak, Beyene Wondafrash","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i4.2","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i4.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, the consumption of vitamin A-rich foods remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to these foods is limited. Preschool-aged children in rural areas are especially vulnerable to vitamin A deficiency due to poor dietary diversity and limited access to healthcare services. In Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of research on vitamin A intake among rural preschoolers, particularly in the Gambella Region. The objective of this study was to assess the consumption patterns and primary dietary sources of vitamin A-rich foods among rural preschool children in the Gambella Region of Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 preschool children in the Gambella Region. Data were collected using the Helen Keller International (HKI) food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, with findings presented through frequency tables and graphs to illustrate dietary trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 381 participants, 380 (99.7%) completed the study. The majority of children (74.3%) ate two meals per day, predominantly cereals and legumes. Only 32.4% consumed vitamin A-rich foods, with particularly low intake reported for milk (2.9%), dark green leafy vegetables (6.1%), fish (5%), and fortified margarine (0.5%). Over 75% of children had inadequate vitamin A intake (P < 0.01), and 78.4% of caregivers lacked awareness of vitamin A-rich food sources. Nearly half of households (48.1%) relied on personal production for these foods, and 54.9% indicated that availability was seasonal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights critically low consumption of vitamin A-rich foods among rural preschool children in the Gambella Region, placing them at increased risk of vitamin A deficiency and related health complications such as impaired vision and weakened immunity. To address this issue, targeted nutrition education and community awareness programs are essential, alongside policy interventions to improve food access and dietary diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 4","pages":"227-236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal Medicine Training in Ethiopia: Honoring the Legacy, Embracing the Future.","authors":"Abel Mureja, Abate Bane, Wondwossen Amogne, Yeweyenhareg Feleke, Ahmed Reja","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i4.1","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v35i4.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 4","pages":"225-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13077170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}