Российский вестник гигиены最新文献

{"title":"The experience of health-centric career counseling for schoolchildren in a pediatric clinic","authors":"V. Ganuzin, G. Maskova","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.029","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the issues of career counseling for adolescents with health problems. Goal. Show the possibilities and share the experience of providing career advice with focus on health to adolescents with health problems in the settings of primary health care establishments. Patients and methods. Nine hundred forty schoolchildren were counseled in the career advice room. The participants were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — participants with disabilities since early childhood, group 2 — children with chronic diseases, group 3 — children at risk of developing chronic diseases. The inclusion criteria were: status of a schoolchild, signed and submitted informed consent form, lack of exposure to occupational hazards. The conducted study does not endanger the participants and complies with the biomedical ethics requirements. Statistica 10.0 software was used for statistical processing of the data collected. Based on the results of this work and review of the relevant publications, authors of the study suggest a structure of the health- centric career advice service. Conclusions Career advice that factors in health aspects is an important link in medical and psychological rehabilitation aimed at helping the teenager to adapt to current socio-e conomic conditions and realize his/her physical and intellectual capabilities.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116809299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omparative analysis of physical development in children living in Samara and Nizhny Novgorod","authors":"O. Sazonova, E. Bogomolova, EA Kalyuzhny, M. Gavryushin, S.R. Trubetskaya","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.031","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of physical development in children and adolescents is an integral to the monitoring of child population. Health status of children and adolescents is an essential criterion of societal welfare. Numerous studies of physical development in children indicate the heterogenous nature of growth and develpmental processes in children living in various regions of Russia. The study was aimed to perform the comparative analysis of physical development between children aged 15–17 living in Samara (a total of 714 children were examined, among them 368 boys and 346 girls) and children of the same age group living in Nizhny Novgorod (a total of 689 children, among them 351 boys and 338 girls). In school students aged 16–17, significant differences in the mean height were revealed: adolescents living in Samara were taller than those living in Nizhny Novgorod (p = 0.001). The same trend was observed in girls of the same age group. Comparative analysis showed that girls aged 15–17 living in Samara were significantly taller (p < 0.001) than girls who lived in Nizhny Novgorod. Assessment of body weight showed that the weight of boys aged 15–16 who lived in Samara was significantly higher compared to boys living in Nizhny Novgorod (p = 0.009). No significant differences were revealed between the groups of 17‑year‑old boys and the groups of girls aged 15–17 (р = 0.7). The findings on the differences in the anthropometric indicators of children living in Samara and Nizhny Novgorod justify the need for periodic development and use in healthcare practice of the regional standards for assessment of physical development in children and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117146599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors of atopic dermatitis in children and the means for individual prognosis","authors":"O. Milushkina, EA Dubrvina, M. Timerzyanov, L. Khaertdinova","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.026","url":null,"abstract":"Despite considerable progress in prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis made in recent years, the issue remains topical, since in recent decades a significant increase in the prevalence of atopic disorders is observed all over the world. The increased incidence of atopic dermatitis results from the human body exposure to the wide range of factors, as well as from the factors’ specificity and mutual activation. Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial disorder associated with genetic predisposition to atopy, realized under the influence of environmental factors. The risk factors of pediatric atopic dermatitis are divided into endogenous and exogenous factors, which are also affected by genetic susceptibility. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the factors are enhanced by triggers, which both directly and indirectly influence the body in children and adolescents. A combination of multiple factors plays a key role in chronic pediatric atopic dermatitis. Also do not forget about the impact of sanitation, hygiene, environmental factors, urbanization of the area of residence, and the presence of industrial enterprises in the residential area on the health of children and adolescents. Atopic dermatitis has a negative impact on the quality of life of children and their families. There is a clear need for further research. Currently, monitoring the effects of atopic dermatitis becomes relevant, it is aimed at addressing the issues of prevention. For its part, timely identification of the risk factors and concomitant disorders are of inestimable value for the course of the disorder.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124200501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status and life span of humans","authors":"AV Skrebneva, E. Melikhova, MV Vasilieva","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.027","url":null,"abstract":"Social factors such as bad living conditions, harmful labor conditions, low quality of medicine, loss of social contacts, etc., and lifestyle factors such as mal- and over-nutrition, hypodynamia, bad habits, etc. are the main issues of premature ageing. In this article, the alimentary factor such as the risk of premature ageing has been considered from the point of view of over- and malnutrition (protein-e nergy undernutrition) and its influence on the rate of ageing. The effect of overnutrition has been examined in the literature review of Russian and foreign investigators. Scientific publications show that one alimentary factor can be used to produce a significant influence on life span and frequency of some degenerative diseases. The relationship between malnutrition in the older population and biological age has been evaluated. 408 those surveyed from the city of Voronezh aged 55 to 70 were included into the study. The examination was nonrecurrent. The biological age of those surveyed was determined using the method by V. P. Voitenko. Malnutrition was assessed with the MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) tool. Malnutrition is observed among 2.2% of elderly patients, 58.8% of those surveyed are at risk for malnutrition, whereas 39% of them have a normal alimentary status. It is established that the biological age is correlated with the alimentary status. Statistically significant differences are found in the mean group values of the biological age in the subgroup of people with a normal alimentary status in relation to the subgroup of people with a risk for malnutrition (p<0.05): the values were 56±1.7 and 64±1.4, respectively. The publication shows a direct and indirect influence of the alimentary status (both overnutrition, and malnutrition) on the rate of senescence.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123035274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food patterns and chemical contamination of baby food","authors":"Y. Tikhonova","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.032","url":null,"abstract":"Для анализа качества питания населения, в том числе детского, остается актуальным изучение структуры питания детей. Питание детей — это фактор окружающей среды, который в дальнейшем определяет состояние здоровья и продолжительность жизни детей. Появление на рынке большого количества адаптированных и частично адаптированных молочных смесей для искусственного вскармливания способствует тому, что часто матери отказываются от грудного вскармливания и переходят на искусственное вскармливание, что может быть небезразлично для детского организма. Продукты докорма и прикорма могут содержать различные чужеродные вещества, что будет увеличивать химическую нагрузку на растущий детский организм через продукты питания. Целью исследования явилось: изучение структуры питания детей первого года жизни по данным анкетирования 600 матерей в различных ЛПУ; оценка химической контаминации продуктов для искусственного вскармливания/докармливания и прикорма на первом году жизни по данным федерального информационного фонда социально- гигиенического мониторинга Российской Федерации (ФИФ СГМ РФ) по 65 субъектам за 2012–2017 гг. Полученные данные обрабатывались с использованием компьютерных программ «Microsoft Word 2010» и «Microsoft Excel 2010». Установлено, что 37,3% детей первого года жизни находятся на грудном вскармливании, 62,7% детей получают искусственное вскармливание/ докармливание. Возраст введения прикорма в 74,7% случаев — это 4–6-й месяц первого года жизни. В качестве первого прикорма чаще используются фруктовые и овощные продукты, далее вводят злаковые продукты (каши) и мясные консервы. Эти же виды продуктов имеют самые высокие показатели по содержанию тяжелых металлов (свинец, кадмий, мышьяк, ртуть).","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115613693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygienic assessment of the academic load in modern students","authors":"E. Bulycheva","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.025","url":null,"abstract":"In modern school education, a system, developing high academic loads among schoolchildren, is being formed. The loads pose a serious problem, creating inevitable medical consequences, and producing a negative effect on the morbidity and structure of the pathology for this group of children and adolescents. Given the situation, control over the academic load, its rational distribution and initiating supervision over the academic process intensity are relevant. Basic negative factors of academic process organization were found in the course of academic schedule analysis in 1.728 classes and estimating the academic process intensity during 3.500 lessons. The maximum non-conformities to hygienic standards were found in high school students from cities. It was established that a weekly academic load was exceeded after school owing to extended learning activities, and irrational distribution of a weekly academic load because of difficult subjects. Intellectual, sensory and emotional loads were the leading criteria of an intense academic process. Highly intense academic load was noted for such school subjects as Russian, Algebra, Foreign language, Chemistry and Geometry. The same subjects are taught in different major classes with a various degree of intensity. This required scored correction of how difficult the subjects are in senior major classes.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121691081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key hearing loss risk factors for children, adolescents and youth associated with use of mobile electronic devices with headphones","authors":"GV Pavlova, S. Markelova, V. Martiusheva","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.028","url":null,"abstract":"The number of research papers about the impact electronic devices produce on the younger generation that uses them is constantly growing. This study aimed to identify the leading hearing loss risk factors for children, adolescents and youth associated with use of mobile electronic devices with headphones In the 2017–2021 academic years, we surveyed 518 students in Moscow and 1000 schoolchildren and students in the towns of Izhevsk and Tchaikovsky. The survey was designed to collect data on the conditions in which the respondents use mobile electronic devices with headphones, design features of the headphones used and their hearing health status. The inclusion criteria were: status of a schoolchild, student, signed and submitted informed consent form, questionnaire correctly completed by the respondent or his/her legal representative, one or more years of using mobile electronic devices. The conducted study does not endanger the participants and complies with the biomedical ethics requirements. Statistica 13 PL software was used for statistical processing of the data collected. Fourteen percent of the respondents reported hearing deterioration in the course of the last year. Prolonged use of mobile electronic devices with headphones increases the risk of hearing loss by 10.4 times, listening to audio files at maximum volume — by 3.2 times, listening to audio files while in a moving vehicle — by 7.1 times. Most schoolchildren and students with hearing impairments have been using headphones for at least a year, preferred in-ear headphones with silicone tips, used them at maximum volume daily, for more than two hours a day, including while in a moving vehicle. The recommendations for students and schoolchildren is to limit the time of use of their electronic devices with headphones and use them at a lower volume; complying with the recommendations can improve the functional state of their health. It is also recommended not to use headphones while in a moving vehicle. If hearing begins deteriorating, it is necessary to cease using mobile electronic devices with headphones. Today, schoolchildren and students are exposed to the hearing impairment risks associated with use of mobile electronic devices with headphones, which makes the search for the most efficient ways of forming healthy lifestyle habits among them even more urgent.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131509148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of chemical contamination of baby foods and primary pediatric morbidity","authors":"Yu. N. Tikhonova","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.021","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of baby foods is key to a child’s health, which, in turn, is one of the prioritized national goals. As they grow, children get exposed to numerous negative environmental impacts. Chemical contamination of baby foods can increase pediatric morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between baby food contamination and primary pediatric morbidity using data on 65 Russian regions collected in 2012–2017 by the Russian Federal Information Public Health Surveillance Foundation. The data were processed in Microsoft Word 2010 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Of 67,940 samples of baby foods analyzed for chemical contamination, priority pollutants (toxic element) were detected in 14.1%. The most contaminated were fruit and vegetable purees (47.1%), followed by milk formulas and cultured dairy products (19.9%). We also analyzed 32,914 indicators of pediatric morbidity. The Pearson correlation analysis detected reliable correlations between baby food contamination and the primary incidence of endocrine disorders in infants, as well as the primary incidence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and cancer in children aged 0 to 14 years.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116031143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of health dynamics in children and adolescents based on the results of regular medical check-ups","authors":"V. Ganuzin, G. Maskova, IV Storozheva, NS Sukhova","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.019","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issues of health in children and adolescents aged 7–17 years. The objective of this study is to analyze health experience in school-age children and adolescents based on regular medical check-up results. According to regular medical check-up results, 15,192 schoolchildren were examined in 2015, including 12,649 children aged 7–14 years and 2,543 children aged 15–17 years. In 2020, health of 18,708 schoolchildren was assessed, including 14,861 children aged 7 to14 years and 3,847 children aged 15 to 17 years. The authors analyze dynamics of distribution of children into health groups, and age-related incidence of school- related diseases. In children and adolescents of different age, eye disorders occupy first place in the rank of prevalent school- related diseases; the events are followed by musculoskeletal diseases, nervous and GIT diseases, progressing with age, including scoliosis. Percentage of healthy children without the signs of a school- related abnormality at school is reducing. In the majority of cases, pathological abnormalities are found in 15–17-year-old adolescents.","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127905310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygienic assessment of risk factors and health of forensic scientists","authors":"M. Timerzyanov, OA Ilina, EA Dubrvina, O. Milushkina, DE Vasilev","doi":"10.24075/rbh.2021.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/rbh.2021.020","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to develop and implement the system of hygienic measures eliminating (mitigating) the impact of risk factors in the work of forensic scientists and to estimate effectiveness of these measures and the program aimed at improvement of employment terms for forensic scientists [1, 2]. Forensic scientists were compared to a control group of other doctors. The following researches were carried out: survey of 303 forensic scientists, analysis of their employment terms based on employment terms special evaluation (2,736 materials of employment terms special evaluation), examination of forensic scientists’ health compared to other doctors by analyzing medical examination results (309 health records). Protection and promotion of working population’s health is the state priority. Its purpose is to preserve labor potential and create conditions for economic development of the country. Medical workers are exposed to a combined, complex, and associated effect of working environment conditions and parameters [3, 4]. Industrial and social factors can result in a rising incidence, reduction in life expectancy, ill health and medical staff performance increment, and require preventive measures. Those working for forensic expert organizations constitute a special population due to a large number of professional, medical and organizational, and social risk factors [5].","PeriodicalId":119609,"journal":{"name":"Российский вестник гигиены","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115775145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}