Li Yong, Wang Lifang, Liao Chenglin, Wang Liye, Xu Dongping
{"title":"State-of-Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Using Multi-State Estimate Technic for Electric Vehicle Applications","authors":"Li Yong, Wang Lifang, Liao Chenglin, Wang Liye, Xu Dongping","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671711","url":null,"abstract":"For reliable and safe operation of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, the monitoring of the internal states of the batteries such as state-of-charge (SOC) is necessary. The purpose of this work is to present a novel SOC estimation algorithm. In this work, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) as well as the parameter identification method are studied. Then, the model structure of the battery in the state-space form is further investigated. Based on the model structure analysis, a novel SOC estimation algorithm is proposed using multi-state technic and Extend Kalman Filter (EKF). Some improvements are then introduced to improve the convergence and tracking performance of the algorithm in electric vehicle applications. The performances of the algorithm are validated through some experiments and simulations. Validation results show that the proposed SOC estimation algorithm can achieve an acceptable accuracy with the mean error being less than 2.72%.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130467006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minimizing Battery Stress during Hybrid Electric Vehicle Control Design: Real World Considerations for Model-Based Control Development","authors":"C. Vagg, C. Brace, S. Akehurst, L. Ash","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671713","url":null,"abstract":"In a mild hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) aggressive use of the electrical powertrain is desired to maximize the benefits from hybridizing the vehicle, however this has negative consequences for battery management, battery state of health, and motor temperature. In this paper a control strategy cost function is presented which can minimize these negative effects without significantly affecting the achievable reduction in fuel consumption, and without requiring a detailed battery model or a motor thermal model. This concept is demonstrated on a retrofit HEV unit developed by Ashwoods Automotive, with a model validated using chassis dynamometer test data. Dynamic Programming (DP) is used to optimize the controller, and some limitations of DP which are not often recognized are discussed.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122509989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Wang, M. Cheng, Ya Wang, Bangfu Zhang, Ying Zhu, Shichuan Ding
{"title":"Energy-Release Strategy for Permanent Magnet Traction System with Onboard Energy Storage System for Subway Applications","authors":"Wei Wang, M. Cheng, Ya Wang, Bangfu Zhang, Ying Zhu, Shichuan Ding","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671732","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel energy-release strategy for permanent magnet traction system with on board supercapacitor for subway applications, in which the flux-weakening region is used. The stored energy is not released until the flux-weakening region is approaching. Compared with the conventional energy-release strategy, the proposed strategy is realized by raising the dc bus voltage instead of reducing the dc bus voltage drop. Two simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Reduced flux-weakening region and less copper loss are shown in the simulation results. Even though the energy-saving ratio 80.9% is small, the saved energy is still significant since the subway is the high power electrical system.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"8 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133384772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traction Control System for EV Based on Modified Maximum Transmissible Torque Estimation","authors":"Ziyou Song, Jianqiu Li, Liangfei Xu, M. Ouyang","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671724","url":null,"abstract":"Traction control system (TCS) of electric vehicles (EVs) without detecting vehicle velocity is drawing more and more attention. The most challenging problem in TCS is controlling the drive wheel with indirect control inputs. The maximum transmissible torque estimation (MTTE) method which is effective in terms of antiskid control has been proposed, however, this method is conservative because it cannot take sufficient advantage of adhesive force under constant torque condition even if the road is slippery. Therefore, a modified maximum transmissible torque estimation (M-MTTE) algorithm with a various relaxation factor is proposed in this paper. By analyzing and comparing the simulation results with prior control method, it is validated that M-MTTE is robust on antiskid control and achieves a better acceleration control effect.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126972399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Practical Considerations on the Electrical Safety of the High Power System in a Prototype EV","authors":"Emilio Honey, I. Suh, S. Ryu","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671699","url":null,"abstract":"Policies and market demand for eco-friendly transportation systems have drawn increasing attention to EVs. Robust and safe electrical systems are necessary to ensure the consumers' trust in the future generation of electric vehicles. This paper describes a case study dealing with the design and implementation of electrical stability and protection schemes in an electric vehicle. Fundamental safety requirements in EV electrical systems are discussed, whilst considering the integrity of the vehicle's systems in addition to the occupants' safety. The application of system-level protection devices for these requirements is then explored. Finally, the application and verification of the proposed protection circuit is described, in the process of designing and developing an electric vehicle with foldable concept, known as the \"Armadillo-T;\" an innovative, futuristic, and micro-sized vehicle driven by four in-wheel motors, which has been designed and built from zero.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123496940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Energy Feedback Strategy for Electric Vehicle","authors":"Dongyang Sun, Xudonga Wang, R. Na, Tao Wang","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671705","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the efficience of energy feedback on the whole range of speed in the process of driving , and gets the range of speed which is suitable for the energy feedback of electric vehicle. Mean while it deeply studies automotive braking strategy, and proposes the \"Urban, High-speed\"strategy which means step and dual control. The analysis of the specific situation of braking is added in the two different kinds of operating mode. The design of sliding gear can make the vehicle efficiently recycle potential energy on the downhill. By dynamically adjusting the current through the motor controller, the author intend to recollect the maximize energy under the condition of not affect the vehicles braking flexibility, security and reliability. Based on ADVISOR software in the ECE working conditions,simulation results for braking condition show that the electic vehicle can brake steadily and recover energy at most .","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125073315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low Latency Hybrid Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulator for Railway Traction System","authors":"Laisheng Tong, H. Zou, M. Sun, J. Bocker","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671735","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an extreme low latency and flexible real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulator based on FPGA and digital processor is introduced and its application on an AC railway vehicle traction system composed of power electronic converter and asynchronous motor is reported. By a novel computation load balancing, a reduced FPGA resource consumption and reduced delay introduced by HiL can be achieved. The power bench validation with a real 230 kW induction motor controller shows that the proposed solution can precisely reconstruct the frequency response of the real motor in a large spectrum.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130895840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Xu, Bing-gang Cao, Junyi Cao, Zhongyue Zou, C. Mi, Zheng Chen
{"title":"A Comparison Study of the Model Based SOC Estimation Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Jun Xu, Bing-gang Cao, Junyi Cao, Zhongyue Zou, C. Mi, Zheng Chen","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671653","url":null,"abstract":"Four model based SOC estimation methods for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are studied and compared in this paper. The equivalent model of the battery is described and the state function of the model is deduced. The analysis of the four model based SOC estimation methods are given. The simulation is established to evaluate the four methods. The urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) current profiles are applied to simulate the drive situations of an electrified vehicle. Simulation results are depicted and analyzed to compare the four model based SOC estimation methods.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"378 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115302570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Improved Model of Estimating Iron Loss for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine","authors":"Qi Li, T. Fan, X. Wen","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671684","url":null,"abstract":"As computation of iron loss is important to optimize design of the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM), this paper provides an improved model of estimating iron loss under loading condition for IPMSM. The magnetic flux density distribution in the air gap, stator teeth and yoke are obtained by the armature reaction magnetic field analysis of IPMSM, and used to estimating iron loss based on modified Steinmetz equation. The analytical computation of iron losses under different speed and current are compared to the finite element method (FEM), the results show good consistency.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115777523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Principle Elaboration and System Structure Validation of Wireless Power Transfer via Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonances","authors":"Zhenshi Wang, Xuezhe Wei, Haifeng Dai","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671701","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical analysis of wireless power transfer (WPT) via strongly coupled magnetic resonances (SCMR) is given on the coupled-mode theory (CMT) and circuit theory (CT). Furthermore, differences and similarities between these two theories are described. Some kinds of practical system structures are analyzed by CT, and the limitation of SCMR's application is elaborated. Aiming at different practical system structures, the matching methods are explored and the conclusions are validated by simulation.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131863445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}