Journal of Biology and Today`s World最新文献

{"title":"Interaction of embryonic chicken lung cell with dif-ferent strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in-fections","authors":"M. Ghadiri, S. Shahsavandi, G. Moradli, Zahra Jamshidi-Navroud","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050202","url":null,"abstract":"\"The economic losses of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) are prevented using attenuated live vaccines. Differential diagnosis of ILTV strains is still a critical problem in controlling programs. In this study, the embryonated chicken liver cell (ECL) serves as a host model to study virulence characteristics of ILTV strains. The permissivity of ECL cells to ILTV infection was investigated by assessing susceptibility of the cells to vaccine strain and virulent strain infections, analyzing the impact of viral infection on cell viability, and determining the host cellular factor X (FX) and cyclophilin A (CypA) at three passages. To evaluate the lytic replication dynamics of ILTV in infected cells the collected suspension of last passage of each strain was inoculated onto the dropped chorio-allantoic membrane of specific pathogen free eggs then checked for observing characteristic lesions. The results indicated that ECL cells are highly susceptible to attenuated vaccine strain ILTV infection. Upon infection, the strain showed faster replication kinetics in cell culture and marked cytopathic effects. Virulent strain was able to enter ECL cells but no infectious virus was produced at 3rd passage. The establishment of latency state was not confirmed by reactivation assay. In contrast to vaccine strain, cellular FX was also traced following virulent strain infection. The difference expression pattern of FX in ILTV strains-infected cells is most closely with the presence of cytopathic effects in culture. The embryonated chicken lung cell system may potentiate the relevant tool for differential diagnosis of ILTV strains.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125426736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Serum Magnesium Level in ICU In-patients under Mechanical Ventilation","authors":"Farshid Rahimi-Bashar, O. Ansari, M. Jarahzadeh","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050104","url":null,"abstract":"\"Since hypomagnesemia is the most common idiopathic unknown electrolyte disturbance among the ICU in-patients leading to increased ICU stay, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and increased treatment costs, this study aimed at investigating the total serum magnesium level of ICU patients under mechanical ventilation. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 ICU in-patients under mechanical ventilation hospitalized in Be'that Hospital in Hamedan, Iran, aged 16+ years with an APACHII score of <20. At first, the total serum magnesium level was measured on day 1, day 2, and at discharge, and its correlation with ICU stay and mechanical ventilation time was estimated. Our findings showed that on the first day, 43% of the patients had hypomagnesaemia, and 57% had normomagnesemia. On the second day, 23% of the patients had hypomagnesemia and 77% had normomagnesemia. Also, at discharge, 97% of the patients had normomagnesemia and 3% had hypermagnesemia. The ICU stay, mechanical ventilation time, and intubation of the hypomagnesemic patients were significantly higher than those of the normomagnesemics (P-value<0.05). Vigilant monitoring of the serum magnesium level in the ICU and prompt treatment lead to decreased ICU and hospital stay and reduced mechanical ventilation time.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116534073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An immunoinformatic assay to design bio adjuvanted vaccine against infectious bursal disease virus","authors":"M. Ebrahimi, S. Shahsavandi, P. Shayan, H. Goudarzi, S. Masoudi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050102","url":null,"abstract":"\"Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in young chickens worldwide. The control of infectious bursal disease (IBD) depends mainly on vaccination and strict hygiene management of poultry farms, but the disease continues to pose an important threat to the commercial poultry industry. Recently, secondgeneration vaccines based on expression of VP2 in various vectors have been developed as new strategies for vaccination against IBD. A series of the vaccines were made using different adjuvant to examine their immunogenicity. In this study we explore the idea of using TLR7 as bio adjuvant to stimulate immune responses against IBDV. Eight conserved TLR7 motifs were found among Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, and Gallus gallus following alignment of the related sequences. Each of the TLR7 motif was fused to VP2 fragment and VP2/TLR7-1 to -8 constructs were designed. By using in silico analysis include physicochemical properties determination, protein structures prediction, antigenic site determination, and evaluation of model quality, one of the chimeric proteins was subjected to introduce as vaccine candidate. The results indicate that some TLR7 motifs can be potentially used as bio adjuvant for induction of immune responses against IBDV. It is necessary to determine the potential role of the peptide in induction of immunity against IBDV infection in chicken.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125606133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Distraction Method on Bone Marrow Aspiration Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"S. Hosseini, F. Moeininia, M. Javadi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050103","url":null,"abstract":"\"Bone Marrow Aspiration (BMA) is one of the methods for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, that now day it is widely used in regenerative medicine. Although this Procedure in adults is usually performed by using local anesthesia, it is associated pain. The purpose of this study is to research into the effect of Distraction Technique (DT) on patients who have undergone BMA for appeasement of pain. This study was a parallel-randomized clinical trial. The 60 patients who underwent BMA were randomly divided into two groups. Intervention group received DT training and control group did not go through any training program. To measure the scope of severity of pain, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used respectively. Comparison of pain variable in study groups revealed that the mean score of VAS average in the intervention group has been lower than that of the control group and this difference was significant (P < 0.001 respectively). Comparison of vital signs before and after BMA showed no any significant differences between groups. However ,no significant change was observed in control group. DT is an effective technique to reduce pain in BMA candidate. Nurses need to be aware pain procedures during BMA.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133167641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evaluation of Level of Knowledge, Attitude and practice of Evidence-Based Practice and its Barriers among Nurses working in selected Iranian Hospitals","authors":"Zahra Naderkhah, R. Kalhor, M. Azmal, Mahnaz Badpa, Amin Adel, A. B. Marnani","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050902","url":null,"abstract":"It is necessary to achieve clinical effectiveness through evidence-based practice in modern healthcare organization all over the world. Evidence-based practice is critical to improve the quality of health care. The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitude and evidence-based performance and barriers of its usage among nurses. This is an applied, descriptive and cross-sectional survey that was carried out in selected hospitals under supervision of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Statistical society consisted of 250 nurses working in different departments of hospitals who were selected randomly. Data was collected through the following standard questionnaires: Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire (EBPQ) and assessing the barriers of research usage. Finally, data analysis was done using SPSS and Pearson Test. In this study, the levels of knowledge, attitude and evidence-based practice of nurses were measured as 60.42, 85.66 and 57.66 respectively. In addition, there was significant relation between knowledge, attitude and practice. The main barriers to use of research in performance were non-participation of physicians, lack of permission by manager, time deficiency and inadequacy of the new publication rate. Earning research and IT skills improves knowledge of nurses. Through increasing awareness of nurses about positive effects of evidence-based practice in patients care, nurses will pay more attention to evidences. Enhancing the knowledge has improved attitude and this improvement has led to increase level of performance. © 2016 Zahra Naderkhah et al.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130850273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Echinophora Orientalis Essential Oil against Staphylococcus aureus in Soup","authors":"Effat Farzanehnia, P. Ghajarbeygi, R. Mahmoudi, K. Mardani","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050803","url":null,"abstract":"\"Using of chemical preservatives in food may have harmful effects on human health and reduce food safety; Natural preservatives can be used to improve food safety. Echinophora Orientalis is one of the medicinal herbs that traditionally has been used as natural preservative. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the chemical composition and antimicrobial effect of E. orientalis essential oil (EO) against Staphylococcus aureus in a food model. In order to preparing E. orientalis EO, the aerial parts of the plant were collected from Binalud mountain in Nishapur, East of Iran. The EO was extracted using Clevenger and its chemical composition was determined by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Assessment of antibacterial activity of the EO was performed by inoculating the amount of 103 cfu/ml S. aureus into a certain amount of soup samples. Different concentrations of the EO (6.25, 12.5, 25 μg ml-1) added into the soup samples. The antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of the EO on S. aureus was examined in the commercial barley soup kept under fridge condition in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days after S. aureus inoculation. In total 43 components were identified in E. orientalis EO by GC-MS analysis, comprising 99.05% of the volatile oil, of which γ-decalactone (21.15%), β- cis-Ocimene (15.27%), Linalool L (8.82%), Spathulenol (7.74 %), Eugenol methyl ether (6.61%) were the major components. The EO showed strong antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria, so that no bacterial growth was observed in concentrations of 12.5 μg ml-1 and 25 μg ml-1 five days after bacterial inoculation, but bacterial growth was observed at concentrations of 6.25 μg ml-1. Average growth of bacteria in concentrations of 6.25, within five days counting were respectively 34 and 35 respectively 62.33±4.07, 42.66±3.02, 16±0.81, 1.33±0.65, 0 Cfu/ml (p<0.05). Evaluation of the sensory properties showed that concentration of 6.25 μg ml-1 of the EO was the most acceptable concentration. It was concluded that E. orientalis EO is a strong preservative and a flavoring agent in foods.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"435 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126108110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of the Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Female Hypothyroid Patients Visiting Motahari Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic in Shiraz in 2013","authors":"Hoda Taghavian, S. Roshanzamir","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040602","url":null,"abstract":"\"hypothyroidism is mainly considered as a risk factor for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). The aim of this study was determining the prevalence of CTS in female hypothyroid patients visiting Motahari Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic. Method: 300 female patients with hypothyroidism were studied. Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (symptom, functional) was filled out for the patients. In the next step, 3 signs namely Phalen’s test, tinel’s test and compression test were explored. Finally, electro diagnostic testing was performed on the patients and, based on the results of the electro diagnostic testing, the patients were divided into four groups: normal, patients with severe CTS, patients with moderate CTS and patients with mild CTS. Patients with a history of hand trauma or hand or foot surgery, patients with diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathy, and/or radiculopathy were all excluded from the study. The results were analyzed using SPSS 16 software. out of the 300 patients with hypothyroidism who underwent electromyography- nerve conduction velocity (EMG-NCV) testing, 160 patients had mild CTS and 20 patients had moderate CTS. 120 patients had normal EMG-NCV test results and Phlen’s, Tinel’s and compression tests of a significant percentage of these patients were found to be positive. the results of the study indicated that a significant percentage of the hypotheroid patients had Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124887174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Pentanucleotide STR Marker for Human Identity Testing","authors":"Neda Mehrafshan, M. Ahmadi, Reza Allaeddini","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01041201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01041201","url":null,"abstract":"\"Design of an amplification technique and assessment of a pentanucleotide tandem repeat, with locus of D6Sp57, for human identity testing in forensic sciences were investigated in this study. This short tandem repeat (STR) has a repeating sequence of CACAG. The sequence repetition and the size of STR product are specific to each person. The selective amplification of this locus in different individual genomes by polymerizes chain reaction (PCR) technique needs the optimal processing condition of thermocycler and the master mix. This optimization can be done by the correct choice of the primers and the optimization of PCR protocol. The STR of five blood samples from different individuals was amplified by PCR under the optimal condition. The products of the reaction were electrophoretically separated on a polyacrylamide gel. The results have shown the specificity of the marker to different individuals and approved the applicability of this pentanucletide marker for forensic purposes\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122256863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactic acid bacteria as probiotic candidate and their application","authors":"M. Riaz, T. Shaheen, Nagina Batool, Semhab Saleem, Fakhar Hayat","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01041202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01041202","url":null,"abstract":"\"The different functional characteristic of microorganism play very important role in the improvement of our health. Lactic acid bacteria belong to Firmicuts and are play very important rule in food and infectious medicine. The lactic acid bacteria have many important applications such as lactic acid bacteria are essential in cheese flavor. Lactic acid bacteria are non sporulating, immobilized, catalase negative and have optimum temperature for growth in the range of 20-450C. This review particularly focused on the production of different antimicrobial compounds such as bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria. The various types of bacteriocins are used as a barrier against the disease causing and food spoilage microorganisms\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127889353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of three different doses of oxytocin infusion on hemodynamic changes in cesarean delivery","authors":"S. Behdad, Zohreh Morshedizad, L. Sekhavat, Najmeh Heiranizadeh, S. Vaziribozorg","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01041203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01041203","url":null,"abstract":"\"In this study, we compared the effects of three doses of oxytocin infusion on hemodynamice changes at cesarean delivery. This study was double blind randomized clinical trial conducted on 120 patients who underwent cesarean delivery. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups on the basis of dose of oxytocin to be given after delivery (group 1:10, group 2: 40; group 3: 80 units). Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, blood loss and received serum, uterine tone, nausea and vomiting were noted. There was a significant difference in vomiting (p=0.024), uterine tone (p=0.01), and requests for additional uterogenic drug (0.033). However, no significant difference was observed in hemodynamic changes (mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate), blood loss (0.264) and received serum (0.332) among three groups. According to the present study, higher doses of oxytocin are not recommended.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133138564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}