Journal of Biology and Today`s World最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of Metal Oxid Nanoparticles and Ultrasound Stimulation","authors":"M. Mirhosseini","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040603","url":null,"abstract":"\"Recently, use of different nanoparticle metal oxides for preventing the spread of microorganisms has reached to the expanding field of nanomaterial research. The objective of this study is to validate combined ultrasound and CuO or MgO noparticle treatments for inactivating Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results showed that nanoparticles of different materials vary in their effectiveness. Ultrasound increased the antibacterial effect of CuO nanoparticles more than the increased antibacterial effect of MgO. These results indicated that CuO or MgO nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial properties that could be additionally enhanced in the presence of ultrasound and, thus, should be further studied for a wide range of medical device anti-infection applications\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115546523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Organizational and Ethical Values in Reducing Oc-cupational Stress in the view of Directors and Deans of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","authors":"F. Mehrabian, Sakineh Keshavarz-Mohammadian, Parvin Ebrahimi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040305","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational stress is the most significant cause of stress in today’s societies and a major factor leading to decline in the productivity of organizations. The identification and institutionalization of workers’ values is an important fundamental source guaranteeing growth, survival and efficiency of organizations. The present study was conducted to examine the role of organizational and ethical values in reducing occupational stress in the view of directors and deans of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. The present descriptive, correlational study with its cross-sectional approach had 44 directors of staff of Guilan University of Medical Sciences as its statistical population. Data collection instrument was a 3-section questionnaire consisting of one section for personal and demographic information (7 items), one for the role of organizational values in stress (22 items) and another one for the role of ethical values in stress (10 items), which were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. The questionnaire validity was examined and confirmed by means of surveying the university professors and its reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Data collected were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics, and the correlation among components was determined through Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis. There was a direct, significant correlation between organizational and ethical values and reduction of occupational stress (P=0.0001). The statistical difference between the mean score obtained by gender for the role of organizational values in reducing occupational stress was also significant (P=0.017). However, the difference between the mean score obtained by gender for the role of ethical values in reducing occupational stress was not significant (P=0.056). Observing ethical and organizational standards paves the ground for reducing occupational stress and job tension. In general, adherence to values provides the basis for reducing occupational stress.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121719418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Complications of Endotracheal Tube and Laryngeal Mask Airway Following Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Infertile Women","authors":"M. Jarahzadeh, K. Kianfar, F. Mousavi, Farshid Rahimi-Bashar, A. Eftekhari","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040501","url":null,"abstract":"The preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative airway management by the anesthesiologist and the use of procedures and medicines that have the least interference with patients’ discharge from the hospital are of utmost importance. This can be achieved by the use of laryngeal mask airway and endotracheal tube. This study compared the postoperative complications of diagnostic laparoscopy between two groups of infertile women undergoing this procedure. This study was a double-blind clinical trial carried out on 120 patients undergoing gynecologic surgical laparoscopy. The patients were assigned into two equal groups of 60. The laryngeal classic mask, size 3-4, was applied for patients in group A and the cuffed endotracheal tube, size 7, was used for the patients in group B. All kinds of complications of anesthesia, consumption of anti-emetic drugs, analgesics, and also discomfort and pain in airways were recorded up to 24 hs. Our findings indicated that the relative frequencies of sore throat, voice hoarseness, and cough were statistically different between the two groups at 6 h and 12 h after anesthesia (P=0.001). At 24 h after anesthesia, there was only a significant difference between the two groups regarding sore throat frequency (P=0.003). Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding heart rate (P=0.053) and mean arterial pressure (P=0.011).","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"82 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128153669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Pomegranate juice, Date palm and Fig fruit in treatment and prevention of experimental acute colitis model on rat: Immunopathogenesis aspect","authors":"Farideh Zafari-Zangeneh, M. Naghizadeh, F. Amini","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040402","url":null,"abstract":"\"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the chronic inflammation of digestive tract. IBD primarily includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Pathogenesis and etiology of IBD are still uncertain. The proinflammatory cytokines have a central role in the modulation of the intestinal immune system. In inflammatory bowel disease, (IBD) pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines are elevated in mucosal and systemic concentrations. Last decade researches showed that cytokines can be a good therapeutic target in IBD patients. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) exhibit a key role in the inflammatory process. Pretreatment and treatment effects of some modulators and inhibitors of these mediators which emphasize on different aspects of experimental colitis models mimicking IBD in human. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic and prophylactic effects of pomegranate, date and fig fruits in daily regimen in experimental acute colitis model on rat. 48 rats were divided into four groups: Intact, Prevention, Treatment and Control. Every group was subdivided into two groups: 1) Food and water were provided ad libitum. 2) Food and water were provided ad libitum and food supplements (Pomegranate juice, dried Date palm and Fig fruits). Modeling of induction acute colitis method was done by 1 ml. acetic acid 4% (pH = 2.3) based on the techniques of MacPherson (1978) and Yamada (1991). The results of this study showed that pomegranate juice and palm date dried fruit induced prophylactic effect on colitis of rat model.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123871473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of elevation on essence of medicinal plant, Descurainia Sophia (L.) in natural growth places of Kerman's province","authors":"Kian Aghaabbasi, H. Bibak","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040401","url":null,"abstract":"\"flixweed due to cure properties and suitability with body , has been considered as medicinal plant for continuous years and the traditional physicians in Iran recognize. This plant with the nature of fresh and hot nature which is applied for properties as stomach strengthen, appetizing and curing measles and scarlet fever. In this research the effect of the height from sea level on the amount of essence giving flixweed have been studied in eight regions of Kerman by different heights of 700 up to 2040 meter from sea level. The samples of flixweed were collected from different regions, Essence getting was done by grinded samples and after weighing the amount of 100 gram with Clevenger Apparatus& distillation method by water in 4 and half hours, To feel sure of correctness of the proceed for each sample ,three repetitions were occurred. The results showed that by considering different factors which affect the amount of essence giving , statistical surveys by SAS software in the level of 0/01% in full casual design with 3 repetitions and by Duncan test proved that between percentage of essence ' amount and the difference of elevation, there is a negative &significant relationship. Among different regions, most amount of essence was related with Jiroft region with the elevation of 700m , having the percentage 0.0059 ml of essence 's amount & in the region of Bardsir with the height of 2040m from sea level , the least amount of essence 0.0048ml was considered.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126588823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of dydrogesterone tablet and progesterone suppository effects on the outcome of pregnancy in pregnant women with threatened abortion: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"F. Nanbakhsh, Tahereh Behrouzi-Lak, Fariba Amiri, S. Oshnouei","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01041101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01041101","url":null,"abstract":"\"The aim of this study was to compare the effects of oral and suppository of Progesterone in pregnant women lower than 12th weeks of gestation with threatened abortion to prevent miscarriage. This random clinical trial study was conducted on 200 pregnant women with threatened abortion and gestational age ≤ 12 weeks who were referred to Kosar obstetrics and gynecology clinic in Shahid Motahari hospital affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences, 2014. All study population was randomly divided into two equal groups considering the amount of vaginal bleeding (mild to moderate). Group I (received Dydrogesterone tablet) and group II (received Progesterone suppository). The participants' data such as age, gestational age, history for vaginal bleeding in previous pregnancies, the amount of vaginal bleeding were collected in the researcher- made questionnaire. The mean gestational age at the first ultrasound assessment in the group I and II was 9.28 ± 2.68 weeks and 9.41 ± 3.45 weeks, respectively (P = 0.76). In the group I, 53 (53%) of patients had mild vaginal bleeding and 47 (47%) of them had moderate vaginal bleeding. These figures in the group II were 46 (46%) and 54 (54%) respectively (P = 0.19). In the group I, 74 (74%) of pregnancies ended in birth while 26 (26%) of pregnancies were aborted. In the group II 78 (78%) of women had full- term pregnancy and 22 (22%) of them had abortion (P = 0.31). In the current study, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of continuing the pregnancy. But because of using oral Dydrogesterone are more convenient for patients as compare as vaginal Progesterone,and it is suggested that Dydrogesterone tablets are more prescribed for threatened abortion patients.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"423 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132147844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude of Rafsanjan’s Nursing Personnel Regarding Standard Precautions","authors":"M. Asadpour, Fazlollah Ghofranipour, H. Ardebil, S. Niknami, E. Hajizadeh, G. Hassanshahi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040403","url":null,"abstract":"\"Health care workers (HCWs) and nursing personnel are at risk for occupational infection and exposure to a wide-ranging of virus-related infection. Standard precautions (SPs) are required for reducing the risk of blood-borne transmission and other pathogens in hospitals. Therefore present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of Rafsanjan’s nursing personnel about SPs. Current cross-sectional study was conducted on all nursing personnel in the study. A questionnaire was designed to measure the knowledge and attitude of nursing personnel regarding standard precautions. After determine the validity and Reliability of the questionnaire, an anonymous and self-administered questionnaire was distributed among nursing personnel. Afterwards the obtained data was inserted into the SPSS software (version16) then analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman’s correlation coefficient test. The significance level for all tests was 0.05. Results of present study showed that 94.1% of samples were vaccinated against HBV, but the majority of them did not follow checking programs for anti-HBs, HBs Ag, Anti HBV, Anti HBC and Anti HIV. Of samples 45.2% reported that had at least one time needle stick injuries in their lifetime, while only 20.10 %( 44/219) reported an injury during the last year. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the knowledge and attitude score of nursing personnel regarding standard precautions were 22.9±3.21 and 43.88±5.3, respectively. The relationships between knowledge, attitude and demographic variables were not significant. The relationship between knowledge and attitude was a direct correlation. The knowledge score was not desirable whereas attitudes score was better and it could possibly be suggested that educational programs concerning various aspects of Standard precautions should be implemented.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121598886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Characteristics Related to Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Patients with Major Tha-lassemia in the Kermanshah County","authors":"Firoozeh Khamoushi, S. M. Ahmadi, B. Karami-Matin, Touraj Ahmadi-Jouybari, M. Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M. Mahboubi, M. Ataee","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040304","url":null,"abstract":"Thalassemia is one of the most common chronic and genetic blood disorders in the world that can followed by several complications, such as mental disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics associated with stress, anxiety and depression among patients with thalassemia major in Kermanshah during 2014. This cross-sectional study done among 64 patients with thalassemia major during 2014; in the participants were randomly selected among patients who referred to Mohammad Kermanshahi hospital in the Kermanshah County to take part in this study. A standard questionnaire (DASS-21) which analyzed stress, anxiety and depression was applied for collecting data and data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 using chi-square statistical tests. The mean age of respondents was 22.31 years [95% CI: 20.42, 24.21], ranged from 14 to 58 years. Findings showed the 60.9%, 59.4 % and 18.8 % of the respondents were suffering from extremely severe anxiety, depression, and stress, respectively. Furthermore, our findings showed marital status and job have significant relationship with anxiety (P<0.05); education level has significant relationship with depression (P<0.05). Our findings indicated high level of prevalence of mental disorder among patients with thalassemia major. These results can be warning to health policy makers in Iran; and should be the focus of special attention.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129191890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory Based Factors Related to Perceptions of Professional Commitment among Pharmacy Students in west of Iran","authors":"Tahereh Etesamifard, F. Jalilian, M. Mirzaei-Alavijeh, sepide ahmadvand, S. Nezamoleslami, B. Karami-Matin, M. Mahboubi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040303","url":null,"abstract":"This cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 pharmacy students in Kermanshah University of medical sci-ences in the west of Iran, during 2014. Participants were randomly selected to participate voluntarily in the study. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire including the theory of planned behavior components. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using bivariate correlations, t-test, and linear regression statistical tests at 95% significant level. The mean age of respondents was 22.3 years [95% CI: 21.9, 22.6], ranged from 20 to 28 years. The mean score of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and professional commitment were 53.27, 19.23, 18.69, and 33.80, respectively. The results showed that professional commitment was correlat-ed with the positive attitude (r=0.506) and subjective norms (r=0.365), and perceived behavioral control (r=-0.213). Our findings showed the three predictor variables of (1) attitude, (2) subjective norms, and (3) perceived behavioral control accounted for 26% of the variation in professional commitment among pharmacy students. In addition, attitude toward professional commitment was the most influential predictor on perceptions of profes-sional commitment.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"72 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115353200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides) in remediation of cyanide soil contamination","authors":"K. Saeb, R. Khadami, Shahrzad Khoramnejadian, Esmaeil Abdollahi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01040702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01040702","url":null,"abstract":"\"The purpose of this greenhouse study was to assess the vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides) in terms of the capacity to tolerate and accumulate cyanide (KCN) from contaminated soils of varying physicochemical properties. The toxicity of potassium cyanide (KCN) to grass vetiver (Vetiveria zizonioides) was tested. At the end of test, almost all cyanides had vanished from soils. Also, the in vivo capacity of Vetiveria zizonioides to remove cyanide was evaluated. For cyanide adsorption onto Vetiveria zizonioides, various parameters, affecting the removal rate, such as pH (6-8), and contact time (3-9months) were evaluated. The effect of pH on cyanide complex ion uptake rate and capacity of Vetiveria zizonioides was studied at 4-8 mg kg-1 initial cyanide concentration. Cyanide adsorption was increased with increasing soil pH, water content and contact time. At an optimum pH of 8, over 85% removal of 8 mg kg-1 cyanide was obtained for Vetiveria zizonioides after 9 months of contact time. Data from the experiment were analyzed with statistical software SPSS. The removal of cyanide by vetiver might be useful in cleanup of soil from gold and silver mining.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129158109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}