{"title":"Assessment of Microbiological Quality of the River Damavand in Iran by Measuring Coliform Bacteria, Nitrate and pH of Water in Autumn","authors":"Shahrzad Khoramnejadian, F. Fatemi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050403","url":null,"abstract":"\"The present study was aimed to test the water of the Damavand River in Iran for fecal coliforms, total coliforms, nitrate and pH in order to investigate the microbiological quality of this river. Water samples were collected from 10 stations along the river over a three month autumn period in 2015. Coliform bacteria and nitrate levels were examined by multiple tube fermentation method and ultraviolet spectrophotometric screening method, respectively. The values of fecal coliforms and total coliforms were expressed in most probable number/100 mL. PH was measured in the field. It was noticed that significantly (P<0.05) lowest means of fecal coliforms (191.00±29.04), total coliforms (523.33±35.19) and nitrate (2.97±0.05 mg/lit) were in station 1 that was located at the most upstream point. The downstream stations showed the highest levels of fecal coliforms (800.00±00.00), total coliforms (1600.00±00.00) and nitrate (16.00±0.01 mg/lit) as a result of domestic sewage discharges and agricultural land runoff. No significant differences found between pH levels in the stations. Nonsignificant variations were observed with regard to pH, nitrate and coliforms concentrations in the studied months at 95% confidence level. Fecal and total coliform counts were positively correlated with each other and with nitrate levels (P<0.01). There was also a positive correlation between pH and total coliform levels at 95% confidence level. Coliform levels in the stations were highly above the World Health Organization limits for domestic and recreational purposes while nitrate and pH concentrations were below this standard.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133809091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Amir Hossein Zehni Moghadam, M. Javadi, A. M. Asl, A. Khodabakhshi
{"title":"Assessment of Food Security Status with lipid profile and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Seyed Amir Hossein Zehni Moghadam, M. Javadi, A. M. Asl, A. Khodabakhshi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050903","url":null,"abstract":"\"Food insecurity is defined as limited or uncertain availability of adequate and safe food for an active and healthy life at all times. Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease that has recently been proposed as a health priority in Iran. Recent studies have indicated widespread food insecurity and diabetes in the population of Iran. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food security with serum lipids and body mass index in type 2 diabetic patients who were referred to diabetes centers of Tehran. This descriptive study included 243 individuals over 25 years old with type 2 diabetes who were selected from two diabetes center in south and east of Tehran. The required information was collected by demographic and validated 18-item food security questionnaire that was proposed by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). ANOVA and Chi-squared test were used for data analysis. 31% of diabetic patients were located in the food secure group, 59.7% were among insecure group without hunger and 8.6% of patients were in the insecure group with hunger. No significant relationship was observed between food security with lipid profiles and body mass index of type 2 diabetic patients (p>0.05). No significant relationship was seen between food security with lipid profile and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes. Due to the high prevalence of food insecurity in patients with type 2 diabetes, applying a longitudinal study in this area is recommended.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130082057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahra Nemati Niko, P. Ghajarbeygi, R. Mahmoudi, S. Mousavi, K. Mardani
{"title":"Inhibitory effects of aloe vera gel aqueous extract and L. casei against E. coli in yoghurt","authors":"Zahra Nemati Niko, P. Ghajarbeygi, R. Mahmoudi, S. Mousavi, K. Mardani","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050901","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical preservatives are usually used to reduce or eliminate pathogenic or spoilage microorganisms, So many \u0000researches have been done to substitute the chemicals with naturally occurring compounds, especially plant essential oils. \u0000In this study the growth and survival of E.coli as a pathogen agent were investigated under the synergistic effects of \u0000simultaneous presence of Aloe Vera gel aqueous extract and Lactobacillus casei. For this purpose, an amount of 108-109 \u0000cfu/ml of L. casei, 103 CFU/ml E.coli, and two different concentrations of Aloe Vera gel aqueous extract (5 and 10%) were \u0000added to yoghurt. The samples were kept for 10 days in 4°C and the survival of E.coli was evaluated. The presence E. coli \u0000was determined by culture in selective media and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal \u0000concentration (MBC) of Aloe Vera gel aqueous extract against E.coli was investigated by Micro-well dilution assay. The MIC \u0000and MBC values ranged 20% and 40%. The highest antibacterial activity was seen at the end of the storage period and in \u0000the samples containing 10% extract (2.33±0.24 log10 cfu/g). E. coli count in samples containing extract and in probiotic \u0000yogurt were significantly decreased in comparison with the control group at the end of storage period. however, there was \u0000no significant difference in E. coli count between probiotic and non-probiotic yogurt containing extract and According to the \u0000results of this study L.casei and Aloe vera gel aqueous extract could be used as natural preservative agents in the dairy \u0000products.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134429697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sattari, A. Movafagh, Nahid Beladi Moghadam, Negar Modirzade-Bami, Seyyed Mojtaba Mohaddes-Ardabili, A. Sayad
{"title":"Exon 7 Sequences of IL7RA Gene Identify Two New Variants with Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis in Iranian Patients","authors":"A. Sattari, A. Movafagh, Nahid Beladi Moghadam, Negar Modirzade-Bami, Seyyed Mojtaba Mohaddes-Ardabili, A. Sayad","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050501","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder with neurodegenerative effects. It is usually seen \u0000among young adults and women. The aim of the present investigation was the study of IL7RA gene exon 7 and flanking \u0000intronic regions in MS patients compared with healthy control. In this case-control study, 100 MS patients in RelapsingRemitting \u0000phase and 87 healthy individuals were studied. DNA was extracted from whole blood cells, using Salting-out \u0000method. Samples were screened for variations in exon 7 and flanking intronic regions by direct sequencing. No mutation \u0000was found in the exon7, however 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated. In addition, we found 2 \u0000variations that were significantly associated with MS in our population. Our study demonstrated no significant variation in \u0000Iranian MS population in exon 7 but we found 2 variations in flanking regions which were associated with MS. Further \u0000studies are required to define the effects of these SNPs on the IL7R protein in multiple sclerosis.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"54 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129495567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hosseini, Mehrnoosh Shanaki, S. Emamgholipour, M. Nakhjavani, F. Razi, Taghi Golmohammadi
{"title":"Elevated Serum Levels of Adropin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Association with Insulin Resistance","authors":"A. Hosseini, Mehrnoosh Shanaki, S. Emamgholipour, M. Nakhjavani, F. Razi, Taghi Golmohammadi","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050301","url":null,"abstract":"\"Evidence suggests a hormone peptide named adropin, is involved in lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and obesity. However, its role in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still unclear in humans. Therefore, we investigated whether adropin levels are altered in T2DM patients, and evaluated its association with diabetes- related parameters. Men with T2DM (n=40) and age-matched healthy men (n=40) were participated in case-control study. Serum adropin levels were determined by ELISA. Adropin levels were found to be significantly (p=0.004) higher in T2DM patients (median=2.5ng/ml; interquartile range=1.28ng/ml) compared to healthy controls (Median=1.9ng/ml; interquartile range =0.6ng/ml). Adropin was inversely correlated with FBG (Spearman's rho= -0.335; p=0.017) in T2DM patients and was also negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (Spearman's rho= -0.391; p=0.024). Adropin i³ 2.25 ng/ml was the best cut-off point to differentiate T2DM patients from healthy controls (sensitivity= 57.5%; specificity= 82.5%; positive predictive value=76.67%; negative predictive value=66%). We showed that T2DM patients have higher adropin levels, and serum level of adropin is inversely associated with insulin resistance; therefore indicating a close association between adropin and T2DM. However, further studies are necessary to establish the role of adropin in diabetes.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122653131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atefeh Faraz, R. Yari, M. Taheri, M. Omrani, M. Saberi, M. Mazdeh, A. Sayad
{"title":"The Relation between Age, Gender and Apoptosis Regulator FasL Gene Expression in Multiple Sclerosis Patients","authors":"Atefeh Faraz, R. Yari, M. Taheri, M. Omrani, M. Saberi, M. Mazdeh, A. Sayad","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050302","url":null,"abstract":"\"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The exact immunopathogenic mechanisms are not known but there is some evidence that this severe disease is more likely to develop in genetically predisposed individuals, possibly in association with environmental factors Elimination of autoreactive T cells by activation induced cell-death (AICD) is considered to be one of major process in MS. The aim of this study were to evaluate expression level of FasL in whole blood from patients with Relapsing-Remitting (RR) form of MS, and to survey the association of FasL expression with risk, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and duration of the disease. We compared FasL expression in 50 RR-MS patients with 50 healthy controls by Taqman Real time PCR technique. Albeit there was an expression decrease, no statistically significant difference was found between total RR-MS patients and controls. However, our results showed a clear association between decrease of FasL expression in females especially older than 40 years with risk of the disease (p= 0.04, 95% CI= 0.387-1.14; p= 0.003, 95% CI= 0.139-3.12, respectively). Moreover, there was not a significant correlation between EDSS and duration of the disease and FasL expression. This finding make a valuable question what is the principal concept for this significant association between FasL expression and risk of RR-MS in females who are older than 40 years. In this study, we failed to draw an exact expression– phenotype correlation which may be due to limited statistical confirmation as a result of the small sample size and needs more investigation. These findings may possibly reflect differences in the pathogenic mechanisms associated with the failure of AICD observed in this group of MS patients.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"329 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127053204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Differentiated Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Serum (BhCG), Progesterone and CA-125 in Patients with Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy","authors":"Anisodowleh Nankali, L. Nazari, M. Hematti","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050303","url":null,"abstract":"\"Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is 6-10% of all pregnancy related deaths. The incidence of EP is 1-2% in the developed countries. In the present study we evaluated the serum BhCG, progesterone and CA-125 level in the efficacy of methotrexate for treatment of ectopic tubal pregnancy. Over a period of two years, 61 patients with the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy included in study. 30 cases were in methotrexate (MTX) treatment group and 31 cases in surgical treatment group. Sera of samples were assayed for BhCG, progesterone and CA-125. Analyses were performed using SPSS version 16 computer software. T-test and chi square, Roc analysis was used for Sensitivity and specifity. Mean of baseline BhCG level at initial presentation was 439±363 in MTX group and 1027±722 in surgical treatment group; These levels in two groups were significantly different (p=0.001). Mean of initial serum progesterone level was significantly higher in surgical treatment group than medical treatment group (p<0.006). In addition, no statistically difference was observed in CA-125 between two groups (p<0.671). Finding of this study showed that pretreatment serum BhCG and progesterone level had meaningful relation with the efficacy of medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy; Also in this study CA-125 was not a predictor of MTX treatment.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125982021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. S. Rad, B. Pakbin, K. Rahmani, Samaneh Allahyari, Katayoun Karami, RazzaghMahmoudi, P. Ghajarbeygi, Masoud Kazeminia
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Cornelian Cherry Fruit(Cornus mas L.) Grown in Qazvin province, Iran","authors":"Z. S. Rad, B. Pakbin, K. Rahmani, Samaneh Allahyari, Katayoun Karami, RazzaghMahmoudi, P. Ghajarbeygi, Masoud Kazeminia","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01051201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01051201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) has high biological and antioxidant activities. It has known for its tonic, analgesic and \u0000diuretic activities. In the present study physicochemical properties of cornelian cherry fruit collected from different areas of \u0000Qazvin province, Iran including total soluble sugar (TSS), total sugar (TS), pH, total acidity (TA), TSS/TA, dry matter, ash, \u0000flesh/seed, length (L), width (W), L/W, fruit mass and fruit weight have been investigated. Total sugar (8.83 g.Kg-1), TSS/TA \u0000ratio (14.47), dry matter (%20.71), fruit/seed ratio (5.02), fruit mass (2.16) and fruit weight (2.59) measurements of the \u0000examined cornelian cherry in the present study were lower than those reported by other researchers for cornelian cherry in \u0000the other countries. However, total soluble solid (%17.61) and ash (%0.71) content of the examined cornelian cherry were \u0000higher than those reported by other researchers. Among measured physicochemical properties evaluated for cornelian \u0000cherry, TA (%1.24), pH (3.1), length (20.9 mm) and width (13.85 mm) measurements were similar to those reported for \u0000cornelian cherry in the other studies. Cornelian cherry fruit samples collected from different areas of Qazvin province \u0000showed different properties. The variations between physicochemical properties measured for cornelian cherry fruit samples \u0000were may attributed to different genotypes of the fruit and its cultivation and growth conditions.","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126516774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation and purification of Rhizobium from French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) root nodules","authors":"Nagaraju Bantu, Nagaraju Bantu, Y. Rao","doi":"10.15412/J.JBTW.01050201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15412/J.JBTW.01050201","url":null,"abstract":"\"Six rhizobial isolates were collected from root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris plants and isolates were designated as Rb1. the majority of the isolates were rapid growers within the medium and growth obtained on 3- 5 days of the incubation whereas a few of the isolates were slow growers and growth obtained on 3-4 days. Rhizobial colonies in Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar (YEMA) medium were round mucoid and white. Under microscopic examination, bacteria appeared as nonmotile, gram negative rod shaped. The Rhizobial isolates was characterized based on the growth behavior in the medium of Congo red, HoferâÂÂÂÂs alkaline broth and polyhydroxy butyrate staining. All of these tests confirmed that findings of the present study have been isolated Rhizobium species.\"","PeriodicalId":119340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Today`s World","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131698436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}