Epilepsy Research最新文献

{"title":"Status epilepticus in scrub typhus versus tuberculous meningitis: A comparative study","authors":"Jayantee Kalita ,&nbsp;Firoz M. Nizami ,&nbsp;Prakash C. Pandey ,&nbsp;Archna Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2026.107737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2026.107737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Scrub typhus (ST) and tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are common infections in tropical regions and can present with various neurological manifestations, including seizures and status epilepticus (SE). This study compared the demographic profiles, clinical features, treatment responses, and outcomes of SE in patients with TBM and ST, using data from our patient cohort and existing literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with TBM or ST presenting with SE were identified from ongoing prospective registries. Detailed demographic, clinical, laboratory, EEG, and MRI findings, along with treatment response and outcomes, were recorded and compared between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-eight out of 587 meningitis patient had SE; 17 had TBM and 11 ST. ST patients had lower hemoglobin (p = 0.005), lower platelet counts (p &lt; 0.001), and higher serum creatinine (p = 0.01), bilirubin (p = 0.01), and ALT (p = 0.02) than TBM-SE patients. MRI was abnormal in all TBM-SE patients, but normal in ST-SE. TBM patients had delayed SE (88.2 %), whereas all the ST patients had early onset SE (p &lt; 0.001). TBM-SE required 3 or more antiseizure medications (ASM) and had often refractory (58.8 % vs. 27.3 %) and super-refractory SE (17.6 % vs. 0 %). Mortality was higher in TBM-SE (47.1 %), whereas all ST-SE patients recovered. Only 33 % TBM survivors had good recovery at 6 months. None of the ST patients had recurrence or breakthrough seizure after withdrawal of ASM.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SE in TBM is more refractory and associated with higher mortality and disability than in ST. ASM may be safely withdrawn early in ST-SE, whereas TBM-SE requires prolonged treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 107737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146009406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world evidence on the use of new antiseizure medications in brain tumor–related epilepsy","authors":"Nasim Tabrizi ,&nbsp;Mehran Frouzanian ,&nbsp;Sajad Shafiee ,&nbsp;Reza Alizadeh-Navaei","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) is a common and disabling complication of primary brain tumors. While older antiseizure medications (ASMs) are limited by adverse effects and drug interactions, newer ASMs such as levetiracetam (LEV), lamotrigine (LTG), and lacosamide (LCS) may offer better tolerability and seizure control. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these newer ASMs in patients with BTRE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study was conducted on BTRE patients treated between 2018 and 2023 at a university hospital and private neurology clinics. Adult patients with primary brain tumors and at least one seizure episode were included if treated with LEV, LTG, or LCS either as monotherapy or in polytherapy. Data on demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment strategies, seizure outcomes, and adverse events were collected. The primary outcomes were 12-month seizure freedom and retention rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 106 patients (mean age 55.3 ± 15.3 years; 52.8 % male) were analyzed. Monotherapy with LEV, LTG, or LCS was used in 74 patients, achieving an overall 12-month seizure freedom of 64.9 % and retention rate of 79.7 %. No significant differences in seizure freedom were found among the three monotherapies (p = 0.258).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Newer ASMs demonstrated favorable seizure control and tolerability in BTRE. LEV remains the most used agent, though LTG and LCS showed comparable efficacy. Tumor and treatment-related factors influenced outcomes more than ASM choice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145603172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored provocation in functional seizures, a pilot study","authors":"Hendriëtte van Loo-Flier ,&nbsp;Christoph Stephan Dietze ,&nbsp;Anne Marthe Meppelink","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate whether Tailored Provocation (TP) can result in habitual seizures during electroencephalogram (EEG) recording in patients with a probable diagnosis of functional seizures (FS) and if future research is feasible.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>The integrative model for FS suggests that seizures can be triggered by internal and external stimuli like a conditioned reflex. Using these individual stimuli as TP to provoke habitual seizures may improve diagnostic yield during EEG recording.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified individual TP and evaluated practical applicability. If possible we applied TP and analyzed the occurrence of habitual seizures and the perceived burden on participants. TP was conducted during EEG recording, in addition to standard photic stimulation and hyperventilation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 15 of 38 patients (39 %). Of these patients, 9 (60 %) experienced a habitual seizure after TP, confirming the diagnosis of FS. Epilepsy was diagnosed in 2 patients (13.3 %). All participants supported the goal of TP, and none found TP to be very or excessively burdensome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TP seems promising to increase diagnostic yield during EEG-diagnostics. Further research is needed to confirm this in larger cohorts. Still, delineating whether FS provocation is directly linked to TP or to related factors, like the effect of verbal suggestion or repeated provocation, remains challenging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated detection of the epileptogenic zone in stereoelectroencephalography for drug-resistant epilepsy using multi-epileptogenic biomarker machine learning","authors":"Chuan Du ,&nbsp;Weipeng Jin ,&nbsp;Le Wang ,&nbsp;Jingtao Yan ,&nbsp;Guangfeng Li ,&nbsp;Yuzhang Wu ,&nbsp;Guangrui Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingheng Wu ,&nbsp;Deqiu Cui ,&nbsp;Shaoya Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Neurosurgery is a viable treatment option for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), where accurate localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) is crucial for surgical success. This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) framework that integrates electrophysiological features to enhance EZ localization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed patients with DRE who underwent stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) exploration between January 2020 and December 2023. Multiple epileptogenic biomarkers, including the Epileptogenicity Index (EI), spike rate, ripple rate, and fast ripple rate, were computed. For improved EZ localization, model development was conducted using various machine learning algorithms that integrated these interictal and ictal electrophysiological features. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were employed to interpret the ML models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 38 patients with 1671 SEEG channels were included in the final analysis. Four ML models were tested, achieving AUCs ranging from 0.767 to 0.798 for predicting the EZ in patients with DRE. Among these, the deep learning model demonstrated the highest performance, with an AUC of 0.798, and was selected as the optimal predictive model. SHAP analysis identified spike rate and the EI as the most influential features, underscoring their dominant role in the model's decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Machine learning is a reliable tool for predicting the epileptogenic zone in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. The use of SHAP methods to interpret the deep learning model offers clinically relevant insights and may assist clinicians in optimizing patient-specific management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145603187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness and safety of lacosamide in infants with epilepsy aged under 2 years: A prospective study","authors":"Liu Tailin ,&nbsp;Xiong Li,&nbsp;Liu Jing,&nbsp;Wang Jiayi,&nbsp;Xiao Nong","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lacosamide (LCM) in children with epilepsy aged 1 month to 2 years, including those with developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE), and to identify risk factors influencing effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center prospective cohort study enrolled children who received LCM as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between June 2020 and March 2023, with follow-up until March 2024. The primary outcome was time to treatment failure (TF), defined as LCM discontinuation or addition of other antiseizure treatments due to insufficient effectiveness and/or treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Secondary outcomes included retention time, responder rate and seizure-free rate. Safety was assessed by TEAEs incidence. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 98 patients (25 with DEE) were included in final analysis. Median follow-up was 20.7 months; mean age at treatment initiation was 10.9 months. At 12, 24, and 36 months, probabilities of not experiencing LCM TF were 63.2 %, 54.1 %, and 54.1 %; probabilities of retention were 86.2 %, 81.3 %, and 81.3 %. At 12 months, overall responder and seizure-free rates were 76.6 % and 50.6 %. In the DEE subgroup, the 12-month probability of not experiencing TF was 37.9 %, and retention was 75.8 %. Higher baseline seizure frequency, abnormal neuroimaging, and history of status epilepticus were independent risk factors for TF. TEAEs occurred in 18.4 %, with somnolence most common.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LCM is effective and well tolerated in infants with epilepsy, including those with DEE, supporting it a viable treatment option in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allostatic load of immune cells in the spleen and brain of the Kcna1-null mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy","authors":"Jillian E. Hinman ,&nbsp;Ankita Aggarwal,&nbsp;Amberlee Haggerty,&nbsp;Stephanie A. Matthews,&nbsp;Malavika Deodhar,&nbsp;Shruthi Iyer,&nbsp;Kristina A. Simeone,&nbsp;Timothy A. Simeone","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), particularly drug-resistant TLE, is associated with chronic peripheral immune activation. Here, we determined whether a similar association was detectable in a genetic mouse model of TLE with spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS), <em>Kcna1</em>-null mice. Flow cytometry was used with fluorescence-activated cell sorting to determine the presence of lymphocytes, macrophages and granulocytes in isolated brain and spleen of wildtype (WT) and <em>Kcna1</em>-null mice. Splenic analysis revealed uniformly elevated Mac-1⁺MHC-II⁺ macrophages across all epileptic mice, whereas CD8⁺ cytotoxic T-cells increased proportionally with severe seizure frequency and burden, resulting in reduced CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios—an immune risk phenotype. Brain tissue showed increased infiltration of both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells. Importantly, Kv1.1 was not expressed on T-cells of WT mice. Using an allostatic interpretative framework, our results indicate that the immune system anticipates ongoing challenges (SRS) and maintains elevated readiness with an allostatic shift towards chronic adaptation (macrophages), but in doing so potentially damaging dynamic allostatic loads (CD8⁺ T-cells) are accumulated. The <em>Kcna1</em>-null model provides a valuable tool for investigating epilepsy immunopathogenesis without chemoconvulsant confounds. These findings support the notion that TLE has a significant immunological component which may participate in pathology and be a target for intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgery for epilepsy secondary to vascular insults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data","authors":"Adrian E. Jimenez,&nbsp;Neil A. Feldstein,&nbsp;Guy M. McKhann,&nbsp;E. Sander Connolly,&nbsp;Brett E. Youngerman","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While epilepsy secondary to vascular insults represents a well-documented cause of drug-resistant epilepsy that requires surgical intervention for optimal management, the prognostic factors for postoperative seizure-freedom among this patient population have not been well-established. This individual-patient data (IPD) meta-analysis aimed to 1) determine prognostic factors associated with seizure-freedom postoperatively and 2) factors associated with postoperative complications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and IPD meta-analysis involving studies relating to the surgical treatment of post-stroke epilepsy. An IPD meta-analysis was conducted using mixed-effects, multivariable logistic regression models to identify predictors of seizure freedom (Engels class I or International League Against Epilepsy [ILAE] class 1 or 2) and postoperative complications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 11 studies provided patient-level data for our IPD meta-analysis. Our results demonstrated that etiology of cerebrovascular insult, specifically ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke when compared to ulegyria, was significantly and independently associated with higher odds of postoperative seizure-freedom (OR=10.21, p = 0.031). Further, patients with a greater number of years between epilepsy onset and surgical treatment were significantly less likely to experience seizure-freedom postoperatively (OR=0.93, p = 0.023). Patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes were significantly less likely to experience a postoperative complication relative to patients with ulegyria in univariate analysis (OR=0.053, p = 0.015), and this association remained significant in multivariable analysis (OR=0.16, p = 0.035).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings synthesize the existing literature on the surgical treatment of stroke-related epilepsy and establish important prognostic factors for seizure-freedom in this patient population. We hope our results are useful in guiding future research efforts and further optimizing postoperative outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145602196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal, fornix, and mammillary body atrophy in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis","authors":"Mia Mojica ,&nbsp;Hannah Fleming ,&nbsp;Timo Krings ,&nbsp;Mary Pat McAndrews","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates structural changes in the hippocampus, fornix, and mammillary bodies in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), examining their relationship to clinical characteristics and association with memory performance. We conducted a retrospective study involving 104 patients with unilateral MTS and 47 age-matched healthy controls. Automatic segmentation of MRI scans was performed to calculate volumes, and atrophy was assessed relative to average values in the control group. Volume differences between patients and controls as well as associations of circuit atrophy with clinical features and memory impairment were examined. In the left MTS group, all three structures showed significantly lower normalized volumes compared to healthy controls whereas atrophy was confined to the hippocampus and fornix in the right MTS group. No significant correlations were found between atrophy and disease duration or age at seizure onset for any structure, though age at MRI was significantly correlated with hippocampal atrophy. Volume reductions in each of the circuit endpoints (hippocampus and mammillary bodies) were correlated with the degree of atrophy in the bridging white matter structure, the fornix. Lastly, comparisons between subgroups with hippocampal atrophy only versus those with greater circuit damage revealed no significant differences in memory scores, age of onset, or duration. Our findings support the view that MTS involves network-level degeneration affecting multiple memory-related structures beyond the hippocampus. Unexpectedly, no significant associations were found between atrophy and clinical or memory measures, suggesting structural damage in this portion of the Papez circuit may be of limited clinical relevance in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal diagnostic concordance and seizure outcomes following stereo-encephalography-guided volumetric radiofrequency thermocoagulation in drug-resistant epilepsy","authors":"Zhimin Xu ,&nbsp;Stéphane Jean ,&nbsp;Yihai Dai ,&nbsp;Weihong Liu ,&nbsp;Weitao Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Wei ,&nbsp;Xinrong Fang ,&nbsp;Shiwei Song","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the relationship between multimodal diagnostic concordance and postoperative seizure outcomes in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) undergoing stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG)-guided volumetric radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this multicenter retrospective study, 63 patients with DRE (43 children and 20 adults) underwent SEEG-guided volumetric RFTC between January 2020 and January 2024. All patients received comprehensive presurgical evaluations, including high-resolution MRI, PET, interictal and ictal video-EEG (VEEG), interictal and ictal SEEG, and electrically elicited seizures (EES). Pairwise concordance among these modalities was analyzed to assess diagnostic alignment. Postoperative seizure outcomes were evaluated after a minimum follow-up period of 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to the other modalities, SEEG-based modalities (ictal SEEG, interictal SEEG, and EES) demonstrated the highest concordance and sensitivity, often approaching 100 %, but were associated with lower specificity and elevated false-positive rates. MRI and VEEG offered more balanced diagnostic profiles, with moderate sensitivity and higher specificity. PET showed moderate concordance (79.66 %–88.52 %) and sensitivity (77.78 %–92.31 %), but low specificity (13.64 %–27.27 %) and high false-positive rates (72.73 %–86.36 %). SEEG-based assessments had the lowest false-negative rates, reinforcing their critical role in localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Higher concordance among presurgical diagnostic modalities, particularly those involving SEEG-based techniques, is linked to more accurate EZ localization. The perfect (100 %) concordance between interictal/ictal SEEG and EES-induced seizures suggests EES can reliably replicate epileptiform activity. This supports its potential to reduce inpatient monitoring by triggering seizures without waiting for spontaneous events. By comparing prior VEEG semiology with interictal SEEG, clinicians can confirm whether EES accurately mirrors clinical and electrical features, allowing faster EZ identification and streamlined presurgical evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term administration of EQU-001 (ivermectin) suppresses spasms in a rat model of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome","authors":"Chian-Ru Chern ,&nbsp;Antonia Schonwald ,&nbsp;Kayla Vieira ,&nbsp;Jana Velíšková ,&nbsp;Libor Velíšek","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2025.107712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated effects of long-term and acute administration of EQU-001 (ivermectin) against NMDA-triggered spasms in immature rats prenatally exposed to betamethasone and in the model of infantile epilepsy spasms syndrome (IESS). Pregnant rats were injected with betamethasone on gestational day 15 (2 ×0.4 mg/kg, i.p.). Offspring were injected with ivermectin once daily (1–4 mg/kg, i.p.) from postnatal day (P) 10 through P15. Spasms were triggered on P15 with NMDA (17 mg/kg, i.p.). Other rats received a single dose of ivermectin (1–8 mg/kg, i.p.) on P15 prior to NMDA to test acute anticonvulsant activity. Also, a randomized model was used: The spasms were triggered on P12 and ivermectin treatment (4 mg/kg) was initiated after this bout of spasms on P12, P13 and P14, with additional spasms elicited on P13 and P15. A nicotinic cholinergic α7 agonist was used to mimic effects of ivermectin, and α7 antagonist was used together with ivermectin to prevent its effects. P10-P15 administration of 4 mg/kg of ivermectin significantly suppressed occurrence of spasms on P15, an effect comparable to that of ACTH (positive control). Conversely, an acute P15 administration of ivermectin had no effects on spasms. Ivermectin in the randomized trial suppressed occurrence of spasms as well P15/P12 ratio of spasms. Ivermectin also decreased body weight gain in those animals. None of the nicotinic cholinergic α7 drugs mimicked or prevented effects of ivermectin. Our data indicate that ivermectin may become a powerful tool in the armamentarium for treatment of IESS, however the mechanisms of this action remain to be determined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 107712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}