European Addiction Research最新文献

{"title":"UK Medical Cannabis Registry: A Clinical Analysis of Patients with Substance Use Disorder.","authors":"Aishwarya Ghosh, Simon Erridge, Ross Coomber, Urmila Bhoskar, Wendy Holden, Fariha Kamal, Gracia Mwimba, Simmi Sachdeva-Mohan, Gabriel Shaya, Azfer Usmani, James Rucker, Mikael Sodergren","doi":"10.1159/000547696","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With a global rise in opioid-related mortality, there comes a need to address this with novel therapies. Cannabinoid receptors are highly expressed and co-localised with opiate receptors of the mesolimbic system. Cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) have been suggested as a measure to reduce harm as maintenance therapy for substance use disorder (SUD). This aim of this study was to assess changes in patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) and opioid medications in individuals treated with CBMPs for SUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from patients with SUD from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry were analysed. Outcomes included changes at 1, 3, and 6 months from baseline of the EQ-5D-DL, single-item sleep quality scale (SQS), and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire. Change in opioid medications was assessed as change in oral morphine equivalent (OME).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>34 patients were included. Twenty-seven (79.41%) participants were male. Twenty-nine (85.29%) participants were illicit cannabis consumers at baseline. The most common SUD was opioid use disorder (n = 18; 52.94%). Four (11.76%), 14 (41.18%), and 16 (47.05%) patients were prescribed oils, dried flower, or a combination of dried flower and oils, respectively. Improvements in GAD-7, SQS, and EQ-5D-5L at 1, 3, and 6 months from baseline were observed (p < 0.050). Median OME consumption at baseline was 274.95 (79.50-441.80) mg/day. This was reduced at 6 months (204.45 [61.88-354.85] mg/day; p = 0.043), there was no significant difference at 1 or 3 months (p > 0.050). Three (8.81%) participants reported 17 (50.00%) adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was an associated improvement in health-related quality of life PROMs and reduction in prescribed opioids in individuals with SUD treated with CBMPs. CBMPs were well tolerated by most individuals in this 6-month analysis. Further evaluation through randomised controlled trials is needed to determine causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"325-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Function among People with Severe Substance Use.","authors":"Nina Auestad, Stig Tore Bogstrand, Odd Martin Vallersnes, Anners Lerdal, Linda Elise Couëssurel Wüsthoff","doi":"10.1159/000543755","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies report a high variability of cognitive impairment in people who use drugs, ranging from 20% to 80%. Most research focuses on individuals who use drugs who are either admitted to treatment facilities or incarcerated and being abstinent from substances. The present study aimed to assess cognitive function among populations with ongoing, severe, habitual substance use, mimicking a real-world day-to-day situation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional design with 171 participants (70.2% male) with severe substance use, recruited from two sites in Oslo, Norway. All participants were screened for cognitive function using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A cutoff of <26 points was used to classify possible cognitive impairment. Participants also provided information on their alcohol and substance use, as well as demographic data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>74.9% of the participants scored below the MoCA cutoff for possible cognitive impairment. We did not find any associations between scoring below the MoCA cutoff <26 and the substance use variables (substance use, number of substances used, history of overdoses, injection drug use, and past substance use treatment).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high proportion of people with severe substance use may experience a functional cognitive impairment. This study provides novel insights into cognitive function within a population actively engaged in habitual substance use, offering a real-world perspective with high external validity. This knowledge is highly relevant for service providers who aim to deliver tailored follow-up services to this population outside of traditional treatment settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Biperiden (Cholinergic Muscarinic m1/m4 Receptor Antagonist) on Craving Nicotine: A Proof-Of-Concept Clinical Study.","authors":"Giovanna Lira Rosa Ciutti, Andréia Gomes Bezerra, Shirley Takahashi, José R Jardim, Rosângela Vicente, José Carlos F Galduróz, Paola Palombo","doi":"10.1159/000549810","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of biperiden on nicotine craving in a proof-of-concept clinical study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study involved 46 male participants (mean age: 45.3 ± 9.31 years) who smoked an average of 20.8 (10.0) cigarettes per day. Participants were randomly assigned to either a biperiden (4 mg/day) or placebo group, with treatment lasting 7 days. The outcomes were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 7 days (T1) using self-reported questionnaires, including the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges-Brief, the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire, and the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant time × treatment interaction between cigarette consumption (p < 0.001, <inline-formula><mml:math id=\"m1\" xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>η</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">p</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = 0.340) and craving (p = 0.002, <inline-formula><mml:math id=\"m2\" xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>η</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">p</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> = 0.203), indicating that participants in the biperiden group showed greater reductions than those receiving placebo. For dependence, anxiety, and depression, only the main effect of time was significant (p < 0.05), suggesting general improvement across both groups. Ethnicity did not significantly influence any outcomes, and no relevant adverse effects were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that biperiden may represent a promising pharmacological approach for reducing nicotine craving. Further studies with prolonged administration are warranted to evaluate its therapeutic potential for smoking cessation. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"359-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12779285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145631540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EUFAS Society Bulletin.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000538567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000538567","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":"30 3","pages":"186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mismatch of Biological and Social Time in Cocaine-Addicted Men.","authors":"Jeevan Fernando, Karen D Ersche","doi":"10.1159/000535219","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronotype describes a person's preferential activity pattern during a 24-hour period, which may not be in line with their social lifestyle. A mismatch between biological and social time is known as \"social jetlag,\" which has negative effects on wellbeing. Cocaine influences a person's activity levels, but very little is known about possible changes in chronotype of patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD). Here, we aimed to shed light on self-reported changes in chronotype in patients with CUD and the clinical implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 90 men from the local community were recruited; about half of the sample met the criteria for CUD, while the other half were healthy without a personal history of substance use disorder. Participants completed the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire along with questionnaires about mental health, daily fatigue, and drug/alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Half of the CUD patients fell into the category of late chronotype - a significantly larger proportion than their healthy peers. Late \"night owls\" tended to have started using cocaine at an earlier age than other chronotypes; a finding that was not observed with tobacco, cannabis, or alcohol. Drug use severity in CUD patients did not differ across chronotypes. CUD patients (52%) did not have a preferred time of day to use cocaine. The mismatch between social and biological time was significantly greater in CUD patients and unrelated to drug use or mental health status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CUD appears to be associated with disruptions in chronotype which are, contrary to a widely held view, not reflected by using patterns or addiction severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"23-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138798041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Bramness et al.: A Finnish Perspective on Addiction Training.","authors":"Jonna Levola, Margareeta Häkkinen","doi":"10.1159/000537726","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"140-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140038978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediational Analyses of the Effects of Social Behaviour and Network Therapy on Alcohol Use.","authors":"Andre Bedendo, Jacques Gaume, Joseph Studer, Gillian Tober, Duncan Raistrick, Nick Heather, Maria Lucia Oliveira Souza-Formigoni, Jim McCambridge","doi":"10.1159/000535200","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Social behaviour and network therapy involves an active participation of the practitioner in recruiting a supportive network to change the client's alcohol use. Despite achieving beneficial effects on alcohol consumption, its possible mechanisms of change are a relatively under-studied topic compared to those of other alcohol treatment interventions. This study aimed to explore therapist skills through which social behaviour and network therapy may achieve effects on alcohol consumption in comparison with motivational enhancement therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was secondary analysis of data from the UK Alcohol Treatment Trial, a multicentre, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial. The sample comprised 376 participants randomized to motivational enhancement therapy or social behaviour and network therapy. We used the UK Alcohol Treatment Trial Process Rating Scale to assess therapist skills. Outcomes drinks per drinking day and percentage of days abstinent were assessed 12 months after treatment initiation. Analyses were conducted in a simple mediation framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Therapist skills score (combining frequency and quality) for involving others in behaviour change mediated social behaviour and network therapy effects on percentage of days abstinent (b = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02; 0.10, p = 0.01). The frequency with which therapists acted as an active agent for change also mediated the effects of social behaviour and network therapy on percentage of days abstinent (b = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.003; 0.05, p = 0.03). The frequency with which the therapist stressed social support as a key factor in achieving change unexpectedly mediated an increase in drinks per drinking day (b = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01; 0.18, p = 0.02). The two latter mediation effects were not sustained when quality was considered. All other indirect effects tested were non-significant.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusions: </strong>How social behaviour and network therapy exerts effects on alcohol outcomes is not yet well understood and in this study was not attributable to observed ratings of therapist treatment-specific skills. Therapist skill in planning the involvement of others during treatment, however, warrants further study. We suggest that the present findings should be regarded as hypothesis generating as it identifies specific targets for further investigation in alcohol treatment process studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"14-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138482217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addiction Training and Research: Striking Differences between France and Germany.","authors":"George Brousse, Francois Paille, Karl Mann","doi":"10.1159/000537974","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537974","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"149-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addiction Physician Specialty Training: How Does the USA Compare with Europe?","authors":"Honora Englander","doi":"10.1159/000539191","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"153-155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Working Conditions and Other Determinants on the Risk of Substance Misuse among Healthcare Residents: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Julia de Ternay, Ludivine Nohales, Emmanuel Fort, Sophie Pelloux, Clio Coste, Pierre Leblanc, Martine Wallon, Jean-Baptiste Fassier, Benjamin Rolland","doi":"10.1159/000542592","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Substance misuse significantly impairs psychosocial functioning and correlates with many environmental factors, including working conditions. We investigated the influence of working conditions and other determinants on the risk of substance misuse among healthcare residents of Lyon, France.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an online survey among medicine, dentistry and pharmacy residents of Lyon from May 30, 2022, to July 15, 2022. Participants reported their age, sex, residency specialty, and living conditions and completed the French Job Content Questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test - consumption, and questions exploring their current tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use. We constructed directed acyclic graphs to model the effect of working conditions on substance misuse and used them to perform multivariable logistic regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1,936 residents of the Lyon subdivision, 904 (46.7%) completed the survey. Among these, 54.0% exhibited alcohol misuse, 23.7% reported tobacco misuse, and 34.5% reported illicit drug misuse. Working more than 48 h per week was not associated with any substance misuse. Low social support at work predicted the use of illicit drugs (aOR: 1.49, 95% CI: [1.04; 2.13]). Compared with general medicine residents, psychiatric residents had greater odds of reporting tobacco misuse (aOR: 2.28, 95% CI: [1.14; 4.58]) and illicit drug misuse (aOR: 2.51, 95% CI: [1.33; 4.74]). Pediatric and pharmacy residents had lower odds of reporting alcohol misuse (aOR: 0.42, 95% CI: [0.21; 0.84] and OR: 0.53, 95% CI: [0.28; 0.98], respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Social support at work significantly impacts the risk of substance misuse among healthcare residents, as do other factors, such as residents' health specialty. These findings contribute to the development of appropriate institutional policies and support programs to improve the well-being of healthcare residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11902,"journal":{"name":"European Addiction Research","volume":" ","pages":"390-401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}