ETRI Journal最新文献_第9页

Synthesis of electronically tunable multifunction biquad filter using voltage differencing differential input buffered amplifiers 利用电压差分差动输入缓冲放大器合成电子可调多功能双四级滤波器

IF 1.3 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0391

Sirigul Bunrueangsak, Winai Jaikla, Amornchai Chaichana, Piya Supavarasuwat, Surapong Siripongdee, Peerawut Suwanjan

{"title":"Synthesis of electronically tunable multifunction biquad filter using voltage differencing differential input buffered amplifiers","authors":"Sirigul Bunrueangsak, Winai Jaikla, Amornchai Chaichana, Piya Supavarasuwat, Surapong Siripongdee, Peerawut Suwanjan","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0391","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0391","url":null,"abstract":"Biquad filters are commonly used in analog circuits for various purposes in signal processing and communication applications. We synthesize an analog active biquad filter with five types of voltage-mode filtering functions. The filter is synthesized using a parallel passive resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) network and unity-gain voltage differencing amplifier. A voltage differencing differential input buffered amplifier (VD-DIBA) is the main active component, and the biquad filter has a three-input single-output (TISO) topology. By replacing the passive inductor and resistor with VD-DIBA-based inductance and resistance simulators with a subtractor, the TISO voltage-mode versatile filter is obtained from two VD-DIBAs, one resistor, and two capacitors connected to the ground. The proposed filter can provide five types of voltage-mode filtering functions: inverting bandpass and lowpass responses as well as noninverting band-stop, high-pass, and all-pass responses. The all-pass filter requires no additional active components. The three input voltage nodes have high impedance, and a low-impedance output voltage node facilitates cascade connections without using additional voltage buffers. In addition, the natural frequency and quality factor can be electronically tuned. The quality factor is controlled without disturbing the passband gain and natural frequency. The proposed filter is simulated and verified experimentally in the Personal Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (PSPICE) and through laboratory tests employing VD-DIBAs implemented using commercially available components.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"144-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multimodal audiovisual speech recognition architecture using a three-feature multi-fusion method for noise-robust systems 采用三特征多融合方法的多模态视听语音识别架构，适用于噪声稳健型系统

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0266

Sanghun Jeon, Jieun Lee, Dohyeon Yeo, Yong-Ju Lee, SeungJun Kim

{"title":"Multimodal audiovisual speech recognition architecture using a three-feature multi-fusion method for noise-robust systems","authors":"Sanghun Jeon, Jieun Lee, Dohyeon Yeo, Yong-Ju Lee, SeungJun Kim","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0266","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0266","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to varied noisy environments impairs the recognition performance of artificial intelligence-based speech recognition technologies. Degraded-performance services can be utilized as limited systems that assure good performance in certain environments, but impair the general quality of speech recognition services. This study introduces an audiovisual speech recognition (AVSR) model robust to various noise settings, mimicking human dialogue recognition elements. The model converts word embeddings and log-Mel spectrograms into feature vectors for audio recognition. A dense spatial–temporal convolutional neural network model extracts features from log-Mel spectrograms, transformed for visual-based recognition. This approach exhibits improved aural and visual recognition capabilities. We assess the signal-to-noise ratio in nine synthesized noise environments, with the proposed model exhibiting lower average error rates. The error rate for the AVSR model using a three-feature multi-fusion method is 1.711%, compared to the general 3.939% rate. This model is applicable in noise-affected environments owing to its enhanced stability and recognition rate.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"22-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance analysis of multiview video compression based on MIV and VVC multilayer 基于 MIV 和 VVC 多层的多视图视频压缩性能分析

IF 1.3 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0309

Jinho Lee, Gun Bang, Jungwon Kang, Mehrdad Teratani, Gauthier Lafruit, Haechul Choi

{"title":"Performance analysis of multiview video compression based on MIV and VVC multilayer","authors":"Jinho Lee, Gun Bang, Jungwon Kang, Mehrdad Teratani, Gauthier Lafruit, Haechul Choi","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0309","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0309","url":null,"abstract":"To represent immersive media providing six degree-of-freedom experience, moving picture experts group (MPEG) immersive video (MIV) was developed to compress multiview videos. Meanwhile, the state-of-the-art versatile video coding (VVC) also supports multilayer (ML) functionality, enabling the coding of multiview videos. In this study, we designed experimental conditions to assess the performance of these two state-of-the-art standards in terms of objective and subjective quality. We observe that their performances are highly dependent on the conditions of the input source, such as the camera arrangement and the ratio of input views to all views. VVC-ML is efficient when the input source is captured by a planar camera arrangement and many input views are used. Conversely, MIV outperforms VVC-ML when the camera arrangement is non-planar and the ratio of input views to all views is low. In terms of the subjective quality of the synthesized view, VVC-ML causes severe rendering artifacts such as holes when occluded regions exist among the input views, whereas MIV reconstructs the occluded regions correctly but induces rendering artifacts with rectangular shapes at low bitrates.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 6","pages":"1075-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-based language tutoring systems with end-to-end automatic speech recognition and proficiency evaluation 具有端到端自动语音识别和能力评估功能的人工智能语言辅导系统

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0322

Byung Ok Kang, Hyung-Bae Jeon, Yun Kyung Lee

{"title":"AI-based language tutoring systems with end-to-end automatic speech recognition and proficiency evaluation","authors":"Byung Ok Kang, Hyung-Bae Jeon, Yun Kyung Lee","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0322","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0322","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of language tutoring systems for non-native speakers by leveraging advanced end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) and proficiency evaluation. Given the frequent errors in non-native speech, high-performance spontaneous speech recognition must be applied. Our systems accurately evaluate pronunciation and speaking fluency and provide feedback on errors by relying on precise transcriptions. End-to-end ASR is implemented and enhanced by using diverse non-native speaker speech data for model training. For performance enhancement, we combine semisupervised and transfer learning techniques using labeled and unlabeled speech data. Automatic proficiency evaluation is performed by a model trained to maximize the statistical correlation between the fluency score manually determined by a human expert and a calculated fluency score. We developed an English tutoring system for Korean elementary students called EBS AI PengTalk and a Korean tutoring system for foreigners called KSI Korean AI Tutor. Both systems were deployed by South Korean government agencies.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"48-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alzheimer's disease recognition from spontaneous speech using large language models 利用大型语言模型从自发语音中识别阿尔茨海默病

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0356

Jeong-Uk Bang, Seung-Hoon Han, Byung-Ok Kang

{"title":"Alzheimer's disease recognition from spontaneous speech using large language models","authors":"Jeong-Uk Bang, Seung-Hoon Han, Byung-Ok Kang","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0356","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0356","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a method to automatically predict Alzheimer's disease from speech data using the ChatGPT large language model. Alzheimer's disease patients often exhibit distinctive characteristics when describing images, such as difficulties in recalling words, grammar errors, repetitive language, and incoherent narratives. For prediction, we initially employ a speech recognition system to transcribe participants' speech into text. We then gather opinions by inputting the transcribed text into ChatGPT as well as a prompt designed to solicit fluency evaluations. Subsequently, we extract embeddings from the speech, text, and opinions by the pretrained models. Finally, we use a classifier consisting of transformer blocks and linear layers to identify participants with this type of dementia. Experiments are conducted using the extensively used ADReSSo dataset. The results yield a maximum accuracy of 87.3% when speech, text, and opinions are used in conjunction. This finding suggests the potential of leveraging evaluation feedback from language models to address challenges in Alzheimer's disease recognition.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"96-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-shot phase-shifting on Michelson interferometry for incoherent digital holography 用于非相干数字全息技术的迈克尔逊干涉测量法上的单次相移技术

IF 1.3 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0396

Keehoon Hong, Kihong Choi

{"title":"Single-shot phase-shifting on Michelson interferometry for incoherent digital holography","authors":"Keehoon Hong, Kihong Choi","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0396","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0396","url":null,"abstract":"A single-shot phase-shifting method in incoherent digital holography (IDH) based on Michelson interferometry is proposed herein. The proposed method uses polarization-modulating optical elements and a polarization sensor in the Michelson interferometer optics to induce a geometric phase shift. It acquires four holograms with different geometric phase retardations in a single exposure to eliminate the bias and conjugate noise using a phase-shifting technique. The proposed optical system enables real-time bias and conjugate term removal from a recorded hologram without requiring sequential recording for phase shifting. Furthermore, because it is based on Michelson interferometry, it can be implemented using simple reflective optics without expensive or difficult-to-produce optical elements for single-shot phase shifting. The principles of self-interference and geometric phase shifting in the proposed optical structure were analyzed mathematically. A real-time IDH-recording experimental setup was constructed to verify the proposed method. The experimental results of single-shot phase-shifting IDH and hologram movie recordings confirm the feasibility of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"102-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0396","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139587523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and simulation of a rectangular planar printed circuit board coil for nuclear magnetic resonance, radio frequency energy harvesting, and wireless power transfer devices 设计和模拟用于核磁共振、射频能量采集和无线电力传输设备的矩形平面印刷电路板线圈

IF 1.3 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0163

Mostafa Noohi, Adel Pourmand, Habib Badri Ghavifekr, Ali Mirvakili

{"title":"Design and simulation of a rectangular planar printed circuit board coil for nuclear magnetic resonance, radio frequency energy harvesting, and wireless power transfer devices","authors":"Mostafa Noohi, Adel Pourmand, Habib Badri Ghavifekr, Ali Mirvakili","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0163","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0163","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a planar printed circuit board (PCB) coil with FR4 substrate was designed and simulated using the finite element method, and the results were analyzed in the frequency domain. This coil can be used in wireless power transfer (WPT) as a transmitter or receiver, eliminating wires. It can also be used as the receiver in radio frequency energy-harvesting (RF-EH) systems by optimizing the planar PCB coil to convert radio-wave energy into electricity, and it can be employed as an excitation (transmitter) or receiver coil in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This PCB coil can replace the conventional coil, yielding a reduced occupied volume, a fine-tuned design, reduced weight, and increased efficiency. Based on the calculated gain, power, and electromagnetic and electric field results, this planar PCB coil can be implemented in WPT, NMR spectroscopy, and RF-EH devices with minor changes. In applications such as NMR spectroscopy, it can be used as a transceiver planar PCB coil. In this design, at frequencies of 915 MHz and 40 MHz with 5 mm between coils, we received powers of 287.3 \u0000<math>\u0000 <mi>μ</mi></math>W and 480 \u0000<math>\u0000 <mi>μ</mi></math>W, respectively, which are suitable for an NMR coil or RF-EH system.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 4","pages":"581-594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139501410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polar coded cooperative with Plotkin construction and quasi-uniform puncturing based on MIMO antennas in half duplex wireless relay network 半双工无线中继网络中基于 MIMO 天线的具有普洛特金结构和准均匀穿刺的极性编码协同技术

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2022-0371

Jiangli Zeng, Sanya Liu

引用次数: 0

Providing scalable single-operating-system NUMA abstraction of physically discrete resources 为物理离散资源提供可扩展的单操作系统 NUMA 抽象

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0056

Baik Song An, Myung Hoon Cha, Sang-Min Lee, Won Hyuk Yang, Hong Yeon Kim

引用次数: 0

Deep reinforcement learning for base station switching scheme with federated LSTM-based traffic predictions 基于联合 LSTM 流量预测的基站切换方案深度强化学习

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0065

Hyebin Park, Seung Hyun Yoon

{"title":"Deep reinforcement learning for base station switching scheme with federated LSTM-based traffic predictions","authors":"Hyebin Park, Seung Hyun Yoon","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0065","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0065","url":null,"abstract":"To meet increasing traffic requirements in mobile networks, small base stations (SBSs) are densely deployed, overlapping existing network architecture and increasing system capacity. However, densely deployed SBSs increase energy consumption and interference. Although these problems already exist because of densely deployed SBSs, even more SBSs are needed to meet increasing traffic demands. Hence, base station (BS) switching operations have been used to minimize energy consumption while guaranteeing quality-of-service (QoS) for users. In this study, to optimize energy efficiency, we propose the use of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to create a BS switching operation strategy with a traffic prediction model. First, a federated long short-term memory (LSTM) model is introduced to predict user traffic demands from user trajectory information. Next, the DRL-based BS switching operation scheme determines the switching operations for the SBSs using the predicted traffic demand. Experimental results confirm that the proposed scheme outperforms existing approaches in terms of energy efficiency, signal-to-interference noise ratio, handover metrics, and prediction performance.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 3","pages":"379-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139482721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0