ETRI Journal最新文献_第10页

EMOS: Enhanced moving object detection and classification via sensor fusion and noise filtering EMOS：通过传感器融合和噪声滤波增强运动物体检测和分类

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0109

Dongjin Lee, Seung-Jun Han, Kyoung-Wook Min, Jungdan Choi, Cheong Hee Park

{"title":"EMOS: Enhanced moving object detection and classification via sensor fusion and noise filtering","authors":"Dongjin Lee, Seung-Jun Han, Kyoung-Wook Min, Jungdan Choi, Cheong Hee Park","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2023-0109","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic object detection is essential for ensuring safe and reliable autonomous driving. Recently, light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-based object detection has been introduced and shown excellent performance on various benchmarks. Although LiDAR sensors have excellent accuracy in estimating distance, they lack texture or color information and have a lower resolution than conventional cameras. In addition, performance degradation occurs when a LiDAR-based object detection model is applied to different driving environments or when sensors from different LiDAR manufacturers are utilized owing to the domain gap phenomenon. To address these issues, a sensor-fusion-based object detection and classification method is proposed. The proposed method operates in real time, making it suitable for integration into autonomous vehicles. It performs well on our custom dataset and on publicly available datasets, demonstrating its effectiveness in real-world road environments. In addition, we will make available a novel three-dimensional moving object detection dataset called ETRI 3D MOD.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"45 5","pages":"847-861"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71980945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Background memory-assisted zero-shot video object segmentation for unmanned aerial and ground vehicles 背景记忆辅助无人机和地面飞行器零样本视频对象分割

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0115

Kimin Yun, Hyung-Il Kim, Kangmin Bae, Jinyoung Moon

{"title":"Background memory-assisted zero-shot video object segmentation for unmanned aerial and ground vehicles","authors":"Kimin Yun, Hyung-Il Kim, Kangmin Bae, Jinyoung Moon","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2023-0115","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and ground vehicles (UGV) require advanced video analytics for various tasks, such as moving object detection and segmentation; this has led to increasing demands for these methods. We propose a zero-shot video object segmentation method specifically designed for UAV and UGV applications that focuses on the discovery of moving objects in challenging scenarios. This method employs a background memory model that enables training from sparse annotations along the time axis, utilizing temporal modeling of the background to detect moving objects effectively. The proposed method addresses the limitations of the existing state-of-the-art methods for detecting salient objects within images, regardless of their movements. In particular, our method achieved mean <math>\u0000 <mi>J</mi></math> and <math>\u0000 <mi>F</mi></math> values of 82.7 and 81.2 on the DAVIS'16, respectively. We also conducted extensive ablation studies that highlighted the contributions of various input compositions and combinations of datasets used for training. In future developments, we will integrate the proposed method with additional systems, such as tracking and obstacle avoidance functionalities.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"45 5","pages":"795-810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71970557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A three-dimensional two-hemisphere model for unmanned aerial vehicle multiple-input multiple-output channels 无人机多输入多输出通道的三维双半球模型

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2022-0456

Zixu Su, Wei Chen, Changzhen Li, Junyi Yu, Guojiao Gong, Zixin Wang

{"title":"A three-dimensional two-hemisphere model for unmanned aerial vehicle multiple-input multiple-output channels","authors":"Zixu Su, Wei Chen, Changzhen Li, Junyi Yu, Guojiao Gong, Zixin Wang","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2022-0456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2022-0456","url":null,"abstract":"The application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has recently attracted considerable interest in various areas. A three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output concentric two-hemisphere model is proposed to characterize the scattering environment around a vehicle in an urban UAV-to-vehicle communication scenario. Multipath components of the model consisted of line-of-sight and single-bounced components. This study focused on the key parameters that determine the scatterer distribution. A time-variant process was used to analyze the nonstationarity of the proposed model. Vital statistical properties, such as the space–time–frequency correlation function, Doppler power spectral density, level-crossing rate, average fade duration, and channel capacity, were derived and analyzed. The results indicated that with an increase in the maximum scatter radius, the time correlation and level-crossing rate decreased, the frequency correlation function had a faster downward trend, and average fade duration increased. In addition, with the increase of concentration parameter, the time correlation, space correlation, and level-crossing rate increased, average fade duration decreased, and Doppler power spectral density became flatter. The proposed model was compared with current geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) and showed good consistency. In addition, we verified the nonstationarity in the temporal and spatial domains of the proposed model. These conclusions can be used as references in the design of more reasonable communication systems.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"45 5","pages":"768-780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71970558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Real-time 3D multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using 3D LiDAR point cloud for mobile robot 基于三维激光雷达点云的移动机器人三维多人实时检测与跟踪

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0116

Ki-In Na, Byungjae Park

{"title":"Real-time 3D multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using 3D LiDAR point cloud for mobile robot","authors":"Ki-In Na, Byungjae Park","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2023-0116","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile robots are used in modern life; however, object recognition is still insufficient to realize robot navigation in crowded environments. Mobile robots must rapidly and accurately recognize the movements and shapes of pedestrians to navigate safely in pedestrian-rich spaces. This study proposes real-time, accurate, three-dimensional (3D) multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using a 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point cloud in crowded environments. The pedestrian detection quickly segments a sparse 3D point cloud into individual pedestrians using a lightweight convolutional autoencoder and connected-component algorithm. The multi-pedestrian tracking identifies the same pedestrians considering motion and appearance cues in continuing frames. In addition, it estimates pedestrians' dynamic movements with various patterns by adaptively mixing heterogeneous motion models. We evaluate the computational speed and accuracy of each module using the KITTI dataset. We demonstrate that our integrated system, which rapidly and accurately recognizes pedestrian movement and appearance using a sparse 3D LiDAR, is applicable for robot navigation in crowded spaces.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"45 5","pages":"836-846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71962449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fully parallel low-density parity-check code-based polar decoder architecture for 5G wireless communications 用于5G无线通信的基于全并行低密度奇偶校验码的极性解码器架构

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0002

Dinesh Kumar Devadoss, Shantha Selvakumari Ramapackiam

{"title":"Fully parallel low-density parity-check code-based polar decoder architecture for 5G wireless communications","authors":"Dinesh Kumar Devadoss, Shantha Selvakumari Ramapackiam","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0002","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"A hardware architecture is presented to decode (N, K) polar codes based on a low-density parity-check code-like decoding method. By applying suitable pruning techniques to the dense graph of the polar code, the decoder architectures are optimized using fewer check nodes (CN) and variable nodes (VN). Pipelining is introduced in the CN and VN architectures, reducing the critical path delay. Latency is reduced further by a fully parallelized, single-stage architecture compared with the log N stages in the conventional belief propagation (BP) decoder. The designed decoder for short-to-intermediate code lengths was implemented using the Virtex-7 field-programmable gate array (FPGA). It achieved a throughput of 2.44 Gbps, which is four times and 1.4 times higher than those of the fast-simplified successive cancellation and combinational decoders, respectively. The proposed decoder for the (1024, 512) polar code yielded a negligible bit error rate of 10−4 at 2.7 Eb/No (dB). It converged faster than the BP decoding scheme on a dense parity-check matrix. Moreover, the proposed decoder is also implemented using the Xilinx ultra-scale FPGA and verified with the fifth generation new radio physical downlink control channel specification. The superior error-correcting performance and better hardware efficiency makes our decoder a suitable alternative to the successive cancellation list decoders used in 5G wireless communication.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 3","pages":"485-500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48876171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive threshold for discrete fourier transform-based channel estimation in generalized frequency division multiplexing system 广义频分复用系统中基于离散傅立叶变换的信道估计自适应阈值

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0003

Vincent Vincent, Effrina Yanti Hamid, Al Kautsar Permana

{"title":"Adaptive threshold for discrete fourier transform-based channel estimation in generalized frequency division multiplexing system","authors":"Vincent Vincent, Effrina Yanti Hamid, Al Kautsar Permana","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0003","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Even though generalized frequency division multiplexing is an alternative waveform method expected to replace the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in the future, its implementation must alleviate channel effects. Least-squares (LS), a low-complexity channel estimation technique, could be improved by using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) without increasing complexity. Unlike the usage of the LS method, the DFT-based method requires the receiver to know the channel impulse response (CIR) length, which is unknown. This study introduces a simple, yet effective, CIR length estimator by utilizing LS estimation. As the cyclic prefix (CP) length is commonly set to be longer than the CIR length, it is possible to search through the first samples if CP is larger than a threshold set using the remaining samples. An adaptive scale is also designed to lower the error probability of the estimation, and a simple signal-to-interference-noise ratio estimation is also proposed by utilizing a sparse preamble to support the use of the scale. A software simulation is used to show the ability of the proposed system to estimate the CIR length. Due to shorter CIR length of rural area, the performance is slightly poorer compared to urban environment. Nevertheless, satisfactory performance is shown for both environments.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 3","pages":"392-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42405983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nonorthogonal multiple access multiple input multiple output communications with harvested energy: Performance evaluation 能量采集的非正交多址多输入多输出通信:性能评价

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0048

Toi Le-Thanh, Khuong Ho-Van

引用次数: 0

Improved wearable, breathable, triple-band electromagnetic bandgap-loaded fractal antenna for wireless body area network applications 改进的可穿戴、透气、三频电磁带隙加载分形天线，适用于无线身体区域网络应用

IF 1.3 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0137

Mallavarapu Sandhya, Lokam Anjaneyulu

引用次数: 0

Factors affecting real-time evaluation of muscle function in smart rehab systems 智能康复系统中影响肌肉功能实时评估的因素

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2021-0417

Hyunwoo Joe, Hyunsuk Kim, Seung-Jun Lee, Tae Sung Park, Myung-Jun Shin, Lee Hooman, Daesub Yoon, Woojin Kim

{"title":"Factors affecting real-time evaluation of muscle function in smart rehab systems","authors":"Hyunwoo Joe, Hyunsuk Kim, Seung-Jun Lee, Tae Sung Park, Myung-Jun Shin, Lee Hooman, Daesub Yoon, Woojin Kim","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2021-0417","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2021-0417","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in remote medical technologies and smart devices have led to expectations of contactless rehabilitation. Conventionally, rehabilitation requires clinicians to perform routine muscle function assessments with patients. However, assessment results are difficult to cross-reference owing to the lack of a gold standard. Thus, the application of remote smart rehabilitation systems is significantly hindered. This study analyzes the factors affecting the real-time evaluation of muscle function based on biometric sensor data so that we can provide a basis for a remote system. We acquired real clinical stroke patient data to identify the meaningful features associated with normal and abnormal musculature. We provide a system based on these emerging features that assesses muscle functionality in real time via streamed biometric signal data. A system view based on the amount of data, data processing speed, and feature proportions is provided to support the production of a rudimentary remote smart rehabilitation system.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"45 4","pages":"603-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2021-0417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48936945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Network traffic prediction model based on linear and nonlinear model combination 基于线性和非线性模型相结合的网络流量预测模型

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2023-0136

Lian Lian

{"title":"Network traffic prediction model based on linear and nonlinear model combination","authors":"Lian Lian","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0136","DOIUrl":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0136","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a network traffic prediction model based on linear and nonlinear model combination. Network traffic is modeled by an autoregressive moving average model, and the error between the measured and predicted network traffic values is obtained. Then, an echo state network is used to fit the prediction error with nonlinear components. In addition, an improved slime mold algorithm is proposed for reservoir parameter optimization of the echo state network, further improving the regression performance. The predictions of the linear (autoregressive moving average) and nonlinear (echo state network) models are added to obtain the final prediction. Compared with other prediction models, test results on two network traffic datasets from mobile and fixed networks show that the proposed prediction model has a smaller error and difference measures. In addition, the coefficient of determination and index of agreement is close to 1, indicating a better data fitting performance. Although the proposed prediction model has a slight increase in time complexity for training and prediction compared with some models, it shows practical applicability.","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 3","pages":"461-472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41747839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0