Mariur Rodriguez Moreno , Mary L. Setelin , Joshua D. Hansen , James L. Corey , Kirt L. Noble , Lillian R. Stillwell , Emily Angell , Olivia A. Stubbs , Jugal Kumawat , Carlos S. Muñoz Gomez , Stacey J. Smith , Daniel H. Ess , David J. Michaelis
{"title":"Controlling Catalyst Speciation to Achieve Room Temperature Pd‐Catalyzed Aminations with Aryl and Heteroaryl Chlorides","authors":"Mariur Rodriguez Moreno , Mary L. Setelin , Joshua D. Hansen , James L. Corey , Kirt L. Noble , Lillian R. Stillwell , Emily Angell , Olivia A. Stubbs , Jugal Kumawat , Carlos S. Muñoz Gomez , Stacey J. Smith , Daniel H. Ess , David J. Michaelis","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401337","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The amination of aryl halides with palladium catalysts (Buchwald‐Hartwig amination) is a widely used transformation in synthetic and drug discovery chemistry. In this report, we demonstrate that a monometallic 2‐phosphinoimidazole Pd catalyst exhibits comparable or enhanced reactivity when compared to all ligands screened for room temperature amination of aryl chlorides with secondary amines. The di‐tert‐butylphosphine derivative showed extremely high reactivity while the di‐isopropyl variant led to almost complete loss of catalytic activity. Computational and experimental mechanistic and kinetic studies indicate that a monometallic Pd structure rather than a bimetallic Pd structure is key to fast catalysis. The di‐tert‐butylphosphine ligand has fast catalysis because it thermodynamically disfavors the formation of a much less active bimetallic Pd complex. A wide substrate scope is demonstrated for the arylation of secondary amines with aryl chlorides using our new catalyst system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ganesh P. Pawar , Indrajeet J. Barve , Li‐Ching Shen , Chung‐Ming Sun
{"title":"Base‐Mediated Four‐Component Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction: One‐Pot Access to Imidazole‐4‐(2H)‐Ones","authors":"Ganesh P. Pawar , Indrajeet J. Barve , Li‐Ching Shen , Chung‐Ming Sun","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401433","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A base‐mediated one‐pot, two‐step, four‐component reaction has been developed to synthesize imidazole‐4(2<em>H</em>)‐ones, utilizing commercially available amino acid esters, aldehydes, alkynes, and amino alcohols. Control experiments and isolation of the intermediate revealed the mechanistic details. This four‐component reaction proceeds via imine formation, followed by the nucleophilic addition of alkyne to form a propargylamine precursor. Subsequently, the propargylamine precursor under undergoes base‐mediated conversion into 1‐azadiene, followed by in situ ketene formation to generate (allylideneamino)prop‐1‐en‐1‐one. The nucleophilic addition of amino alcohol and subsequent intramolecular cyclization provides imidazole‐4 (2<em>H</em>)‐ones exclusively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401433"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shipan Xu , Biquan Xiong , Minjing Yuan , Weifeng Xu , Renfeng Cao , Fan Cao , Longzhi Zhu , Shuang‐Feng Yin
{"title":"Synthesis of Layered Copper‐Based 2D‐MOFs for Enhanced Catalytic Regioselective Phosphorylation of Alkynes and P−H Bonds","authors":"Shipan Xu , Biquan Xiong , Minjing Yuan , Weifeng Xu , Renfeng Cao , Fan Cao , Longzhi Zhu , Shuang‐Feng Yin","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401414","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A functionalized heterogeneous Cu‐based metal‐organic framework (Cu‐2D‐MOF) was synthesized through the reaction of Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> ⋅ 3H<sub>2</sub>O with 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoroterephthalic acid and 4,4′‐bipyridine. The synthesized material underwent comprehensive characterization using various techniques, including FT‐IR spectroscopy, N<sub>2</sub> physical adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Subsequently, the catalytic performance of Cu‐2D‐MOFs was assessed in the hydrophosphorylation and aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative coupling reactions involving alkynes and P−H bonds. The catalyst demonstrated remarkable catalytic activity in both transformations, effectively yielding a wide variety of (<em>E</em>)‐alkenyl‐phosphoryl and alkynyl‐phosphoryl compounds, respectively. Notably, the incorporation of this MOF material facilitated the phosphorylation reaction to proceed seamlessly, eliminating the necessity for supplementary small molecular organic ligands. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrated ease of recovery and recyclability through a simple recovery process. Employing a systematic approach of sequential control experiments, we have delineated the potential transformation pathway of the reaction and consequently hypothesized a probable reaction mechanism for the observed transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Zheng , Zhaoyang Wang , Yacong Wang , Chao Chen , Chao Shen
{"title":"Photo‐Induced Oxidative C−H Esterification of Quinoxalinones with Arylaldehydes under Mild Conditions","authors":"Kai Zheng , Zhaoyang Wang , Yacong Wang , Chao Chen , Chao Shen","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202500018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202500018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The first example for photo‐induced oxidative C−H esterification of quinoxalinones with arylaldehydes under benign conditions has been reported. This method is distinguished by its capacity to accommodate a diverse array of quinoxalinones and arylaldehydes, culminating in the synthesis of the corresponding esters with moderate to good yields. The protocol is lauded for its environmental benignity, eschewing the need for hazardous transition metals and costly photocatalysts, and relies solely on hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) as the oxidant. Moreover, the scalability of the synthesis and the derivative transformations of the products have been demonstrated, underscoring its practical utility in organic synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202500018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin‐Ming Xu , Jiping Wang , Sen Chen , Xiaoxu Chen , Jinchun Chen , Qian Liu , Zu‐Li Wang , Miao Tian , Kai Sun
{"title":"Visible Light‐Promoted Cascade Sulfonylation‐Cyclization‐Aromatization of Tertiary Enamides to Access Multi‐Substituted Pyridines and 1,2‐Dihydropyridines","authors":"Xin‐Ming Xu , Jiping Wang , Sen Chen , Xiaoxu Chen , Jinchun Chen , Qian Liu , Zu‐Li Wang , Miao Tian , Kai Sun","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401516","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionalized pyridines and 1,2‐dihydropyridines are crucial organic entities in natural products, organic materials, drugs and catalysts. Despite progress, a facile and eco‐friendly synthesis remains desirable so far. In this context, we disclose a novel visible light‐promoted radical cascade sulfonylation‐cyclization‐aromatization of <em>N</em>‐propargyl enamides with selenosulfonates. This approach avoids the use of metal‐ or photocatalyst, bases and external oxidants, marking a significant advance in sustainable and green chemistry accords. Utilizing this protocol, we successfully synthesized a diverse range of sulfonated 1,2‐dihydropyridines and pyridines, featuring good functional group compatibility, simple operation and mild condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalie Härterich , Andreas Schneider , Philip Horz , Nicolas D. Travnicek , Bernhard Hauer
{"title":"Structure‐Guided Engineering of Oleate Hydratase for the Synthesis of Small Chiral Alcohols without Decoy Molecule","authors":"Natalie Härterich , Andreas Schneider , Philip Horz , Nicolas D. Travnicek , Bernhard Hauer","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401358","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small and chiral secondary alcohols are sought‐after compounds that are frequently used in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. However, their stereochemically correct synthesis remains a challenge for the chemical industry. Synthetic routes are restrained by multiple steps and thus low atom efficiency. Here we employ engineered variants from the oleate hydratase from <em>E. meningoseptica</em> to produce chiral C5‐C8 secondary alcohols within a single step. First, we established a two‐phase system (2‐PS) to trap the volatile substrates/products which facilitated semi‐rational mutagenesis in the active site and tunnel of the enzyme. These efforts led to variants with an up to 20‐fold increase in catalytic activity and >99% <em>ee</em>, notably, without the use of a decoy molecule. Computational analysis indicated structural changes in the tunnel radius, ligand transport and energy profiles, which gave us hints to explain the enhanced performance of the variants. Interestingly, scaling up the reaction volume demonstrated significant increases in product concentrations, leading up to a 100‐fold increase in comparison to the current benchmark. This new 2‐PS and the engineered enzyme variants offer a promising approach for a scalable, asymmetric hydration of small unactivated alkenes, which would drastically ease the access to chiral alcohol‐based pheromones or drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401358"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Cascade Synthesis of 5‐Alkylidene‐γ‐Lactams via Copper‐Catalyzed Hydro‐Oxycarbonylation","authors":"Galder Llorente , Maria Teresa Herrero , Garazi Urgoitia , Raul SanMartin","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401535","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal‐catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of alkynes and, more precisely, the intramolecular hydro‐oxycarbonylation (cycloisomerization) of acetylenic acids, has been widely employed as a key step in cascade processes for the construction of valuable and complex molecules. However, in contrast with other aminonucleophiles, no method has been reported for the reaction between primary monoamines and non‐activated alkynoic acids. Hence, a procedure has been devised for the regio‐ and diastereoselective preparation of 5‐alkylidene‐γ‐lactams via a copper‐catalyzed cascade reaction between alkynoic acids and amines. The developed protocol proves to be scalable and demonstrates significant tolerance to a wide range of structurally diverse alkynoic acids and amines bearing various functional groups, as evidenced by 60 high‐yielding examples. An exhaustive experimental and computational analysis of the reaction is also provided to unravel the nature and role of the copper catalyst, the observed regioselectivity and the mechanism of the reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Becerra‐Ruiz , Bethan Winterson , Edwin G. Pérez , Thomas Wirth
{"title":"Hydrofluoroether Synthesis through One‐Pot Anodic Iodoalkoxylation of Alkenes","authors":"Martin Becerra‐Ruiz , Bethan Winterson , Edwin G. Pérez , Thomas Wirth","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incorporation of carbon‐fluorine bonds can profoundly influence the chemical and physical properties of drugs, agrochemicals, and materials. Different methods allow the installation of CF<sub>3</sub>, CF<sub>2</sub>H units and C−F bonds including trifluoro‐ and difluoromethoxylations, reflecting the limited diversity of reactions available to synthetic chemists. We introduce the 2,2,2‐trifluoroethoxy group through an electro‐oxidative iodination of alkenes as a versatile substituent for fluorine chemists. An iodoarene serves as an unusual iodine source facilitating the 1,2‐iodoalkoxylation of a broad range of industrially relevant aliphatic alkenes in high yields (31–98%) showing high Markovnikov regioselectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401108"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Au(I)‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Hydroarylation of Allenes for the Synthesis of Tetrahydrodiazepines or Tetrahydrodiazonines","authors":"Pengyu Zhou , Pascal Retailleau , Vincent Gandon , Arnaud Voituriez , Xavier Guinchard","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401541","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allenes tethered to pyrroles undergo Au(I)‐catalyzed hydroarylation leading to tetrahydrodiazepines or tetrahydrodiazonines. The regioselectivity of the reaction is governed by both the substitution pattern of the allene and the nature of the Au(I) ligand. Hence, alkyl‐gem‐disubstituted allenes preferentially lead to tetrahydrodiazepines via 7‐<em>exo</em>‐cyclizations, while aryl‐substituted allenes preferentially lead to tetrahydrodiazonines via 9‐<em>endo</em>‐cyclization when a phosphite ligand is used. Enantioselective reactions have been developed with the SEGPHOS chiral ligand, leading to chiral heterocycles with high enantioselectivity (up to 96% ee). In addition, DFT calculations have streamlined the regioselectivity (7‐<em>exo</em> vs 9‐<em>endo</em>) of these gold(I)‐catalyzed cyclizations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401541"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong‐Ping Pu , Chao‐Jiu Long , Zhe‐Kai Liu , Zhi Guan , Yan‐Hong He
{"title":"Combined Electrooxidation and Proline Catalysis for Asymmetric Formal Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Benzylic Alcohols with Ketones","authors":"Hong‐Ping Pu , Chao‐Jiu Long , Zhe‐Kai Liu , Zhi Guan , Yan‐Hong He","doi":"10.1002/adsc.202401466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adsc.202401466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a method for asymmetric formal cross‐dehydrogenative coupling of benzylic alcohols with ketones through combined electrooxidation and organocatalysis. Employing inexpensive and environmentally friendly proline as a chiral organocatalyst, various benzylic alcohols and simple ketones serve as substrates to directly obtain diverse chiral β‐hydroxycarbonyl compounds with moderate to good yields (up to 85%) and excellent stereoselectivity (up to 99% ee and 99:1 dr). The reaction proceeds under mild conditions at room temperature in air, without oxidants or additives, demonstrating robust functional group tolerance and atom efficiency. Hydrogen gas released at the cathode is the sole byproduct. Using L‐ or D‐proline allows straightforward access to both chiral configurations of β‐hydroxycarbonyl compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"367 8","pages":"Article e202401466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}