Eurasian Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Moisture on Soil CO2 Efflux in a Cotton Field in Northwestern China","authors":"Zhimin Zhao, Fengxia Shi","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603542","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In order to explore the effect of moisture on soil CO₂ effluxes in a Cotton field in Northwestern China, soil profile CO₂ concentration, soil profile temperature and moisture at depths 5, 10 and 15 cm were measured simultaneously. Based on the models of Fick first law of diffusion, Moldrup model, gas transport equation, van’t Hoffequation, exponential equation and quadratic function equation, the effects of soil moisture and temperature on soil CO₂ efflux (<i>F</i>₍₀₎) was determined. The results were as following: (1) <i>F</i>₍₀₎ has an optimal soil moisture, and the optimal moisture of <i>F</i>₍₀₎ is close to the field capacity (FC). In this study, the field capacity (FC) was close to 0.278 m³/m³. When the values of soil moisture were higher than the optimal soil moisture values of <i>F</i>₍₀₎, soil moisture is the main limiting factor for <i>F</i>₍₀₎, and <i>F</i>₍₀₎ is negatively correlated with soil moisture at soil moisture value &gt;0.278 m³/m³ (FC). However, the values of <i>F</i>₍₀₎ increased with the increase of soil moisture when the values of soil moisture were lower than the optimal soil moisture values of <i>F</i>₍₀₎. (2) Soil moisture affected the temperature responses of <i>F</i>₍₀₎ by a clear threshold inflection point, which significantly influence the temperature sensitivity of <i>F</i>₍₀₎. We concluded that the scale of changes in soil moisture is significant to <i>F</i>₍₀₎. These factors should be incorporated into models to improve the prediction of carbon-climate feedbacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140581018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of Exchangeable Zinc in Lowland Rice Cultivated Soils in Sri Lanka as Affected by the Differences in Climate, Soil, and Water Availability","authors":"C. Chandrasekara, M. Ariyarathne, U. Rathnayake, D. Sirisena, M. Nijamudeen, H. Kadupitiya, R. Chandrajith, L. Suriyagoda","doi":"10.1134/s106422932360327x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s106422932360327x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient required for the growth and development of rice plants. Even though rice is widely cultivated, and its grains are used as the staple food in Sri Lanka, the exchangeable Zn concentration in rice cultivated soils is not known. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the distribution of exchangeable Zn concentration and examine the interactive effects of agro-climatic zones (ACZ), soil orders and water sources on determining the concentration of exchangeable Zn in lowland paddy fields in Sri Lanka. A total of 7.309 soil samples were collected from six ACZ, six soil orders, and three water sources used for rice cultivation using stratified random sampling approach. Exchangeable Zn concentration was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS) after extracting in 0.01 M CaCl₂ solution. Concentration of exchangeable Zn was in the range of 0.03–11.247 µg kg⁻¹ with mean value of 438.2 µg kg⁻¹. The highest concentration was recorded in the Wet zone (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05). Concentration of exchangeable Zn in Histosols was higher than that in Alfisols, Inceptisols, and Vertisols (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05). In addition, rainfed paddy fields retained the highest Zn than the paddy fields receiving supplementary irrigation water (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05). Concentration of exchangeable Zn was negatively correlated with soil pH. Therefore, implementation of soil Zn improvement strategies considering the heterogeneity of exchangeable soil Zn among ACZ, soil orders and water sources are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"319 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140581107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Season-Dependent Effect of Fire-Derived Charcoal on the Above- and Belowground Litter Decomposition in Boreal Forests","authors":"S. V. Bryanin, A. V. Kondratova, A. V. Danilov, E. S. Susloparova","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603013","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Fire-derived charcoal (charcoal) is a stable byproduct of forest fires, which accumulates in the litter layer and soils of boreal forests. Therefore, the decomposition of litter and roots as one of the key processes in the carbon cycle in the soils of northern forests proceeds almost everywhere in the presence of charcoal. To date, the data on the influence of charcoal on the organic material decomposition in boreal forests are extremely scarce and most of them do not consider the cold period, which lasts on the average half a year in this zone. The goal of this work is to determine the seasonal influence of charcoal on the decomposition of plant litter of different qualities (larch needles, birch leaves, grasses, and mixtures of these litter types) on the soil surface and the roots of the same types in the soil. A field litterbag experiment demonstrates that charcoal accelerates the decomposition of litter in a species-specific manner. Charcoal accelerates the mass loss of recalcitrant aboveground litter (needles) and all types of roots during the cold season. As for the warm season, charcoal accelerates the decomposition of only needles and has no effect on the roots. Thus, our study shows a greater influence of charcoal on the subsoil decomposition especially in the cold season. The seasonal influence of charcoal is demonstrated for the first time and should be taken into account as an important factor of humus formation and carbon dynamics in the soils of boreal forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140147941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Accumulation in Peat Soils of Floodplain Mires in the Northeast of the Central Russian Upland","authors":"E. M. Volkova, O. A. Leonova, A. V. Golovchenko","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603049","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Peat deposits of the Bol`sheberezovskoe and Podkos`movo floodplain mires formed during the Atlantic–Subboreal periods of the Holocene in the Nepryadva River valley in the northeastern part of the Central Russian Upland have been studied. Data on the botanical composition of peat indicate that the genesis of these mires was associated with eutrophic paleocenoses, which accumulated carbon at a rate of 21.8–95 g/m² per year. The formed eutrophic peat was characterized by a high degree of decomposition (45–55%) and by a low rate of vertical growth (on average, 0.3–0.6 mm/year), which was due to the seasonal dynamics of the level of mire waters. The carbon content of peat is 14% for the Podkos`movo mire and 31% for the Bol`sheberezovskoe mire. The differences are due to the specific water–mineral nutrition of the mires: the high carbonate and ash contents of the Podkos`movo mire. Carbon stocks in peat soils of floodplain mires vary from 51.5 up to 125 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for 10-cm-thick horizons. This parameter is determined by the degree of decomposition of plant residues, which depends on the composition and structure of microbial complexes. The microbial complex of Bol`sheberezovskoe and Podkos`movo mires is dominated by the fungal and bacterial components, respectively. This is the reason for the differences in the microbial biomass of the mires: 222 g/m<sup>2</sup> for the Podkos`movo mire and 898 g/m² for the Bol`sheberezovskoe mire. The differences between the two floodplain mires are related to the degree of variation in the level of mire waters during the growing season, which is more considerable at the Bol`sheberezovskoe mire because of its artificial drainage. Floodplain mires are important depots of atmospheric carbon, and the intensity of its accumulation is determined by a combination of factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Thallium Ecotoxicity by Biological Properties of Soils","authors":"N. A. Evstegneeva, S. I. Kolesnikov, A. N. Timoshenko, T. V. Minnikova, N. I. Tsepina, K. Sh. Kazeev","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323602998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323602998","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Thallium ecotoxicity was assessed in laboratory model experiments by changing in microbiological, biochemical, and phytotoxic properties of soils in the South of Russia: ordinary chernozem (Haplic Chernozem (Loamic)), seropesok (Eutric Arenosol), and slightly unsaturated brown forest soil (Eutric Cambisol), differing in texture, pH, and organic matter content. There was usually a direct relationship between Tl concentration and the deterioration rate of the studied soil properties. The ecotoxicity of Tl nitrate was higher as compared to Tl oxide. The ecotoxic effect of Tl was the strongest for chernozem and seropesok within 10 days and for brown forest soil within 30 days after contamination. Restoration of biological soil properties was recorded on the 90th day. The resistance to Tl contamination was the greatest for ordinary chernozem and the smallest for seropesok. The results obtained indicate a high ecotoxicity of Tl.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Spring Burns on the Properties of Humus Horizon of Chernozem in the Southeast of Western Siberia","authors":"I. N. Semenkov, S. A. Lednev, G. V. Klink, D. P. Kasymov, M. V. Agafontsev, S. N. Kostrova, T. V. Koroleva","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603062","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Influence of spring grass fires on the properties of the upper humus horizon of migrational–mycellary chernozem (Haplic Chernozem) has been studied by the example of soils at the Basic Experimental Complex, Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Tomsk). A total of 56 samples (5–14 replicates) were collected at the plots burned two months ago, 1, 2, 3, and 11 years ago. A considerably high stability of the controlled soil properties (cation–anion composition of water extract, content of grain-size fractions and mobile compounds of a wide range of elements, total C and N, organic carbon, pH value, basicity of <span>({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - })</span>) under pyrogenic impact of spring grass fires has been found. The content of mobile Ca, Mg and Sr, as well as water-soluble Mg²⁺ and basicity of <span>({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - })</span> appear to be informative parameters reflecting a significant pyrogenic impact over the past 11 years. Their content is higher in the soils at recently (0–3 years ago) burnt plots as compared to old-burnt (11 years ago) and unburnt plots. Among the studied parameters, the pH value, the content of mobile Ba and Sr, and the content of grain-size fractions 1–5, 5–10, and 10–50 µm show a low variation coefficient (mainly &lt;20% in all studied subsets of samples); whereas the content of water-soluble ammonium and mobile Li and Zn manifest a high variation coefficient (&gt;70%).</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140147928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for Measuring Organic Carbon Content in Carbonate-Containing Soils: A Review","authors":"E. V. Shamrikova, E. V. Vanchikova, E. V. Kyzyurova, E. V. Zhangurov","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603104","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In the world practice, the organic carbon content (C_org) in the soils containing carbonates is measured in different ways. We have analyzed the methods for solving this problem including the state-of-the-art approaches, such as thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and spectroscopy. As is shown, the presence of CaCO₃ does not prevent the C_org measurement with dichromatometric method (Tyurin and Walkley–Black variants). The disadvantages of this method comprise the laborious analysis, constant presence of operator, incomplete oxidation of organic compounds, and environmental pollution. The measurement of soil weight loss-on-ignition (LOI) is economical and rapid but overestimates C_org content because of inadequacy of the conversion factor of 1.724, the presence of adsorbed and chemically bound water, as well as mineral components decomposing at <i>T</i> = 105–550°C. The most relevant solution for assaying the C_org content in carbonate soils is to use an analyzer and a calcimeter although the accuracy of C_org measurements in the presence of carbonates is significantly reduced because the errors of two methods are quadratically summed. A high cost of the device, maintenance, verification, and repair limit its widespread use in soil laboratories. The content of soil carbonates can be measured using both gravimetric (LOI) and volumetric (calcimeter) methods. The latter method is preferable for the soils with the prevalence of CaCO₃ in carbonates. The preliminary removal of carbonates from soil samples is labor-intensive and can cause a partial loss of C_org via acid extraction. A high cost of the instruments and the absence of the libraries of soil spectra hinder the development of Vis-NIR and MIR spectroscopy as an alternative to wet chemistry methods. Further comparative studies will give a deeper insight into the spatial patterns in the distribution of soil organic carbon.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Formation on Loamy Deposits in Technogenic Landscapes of the Taiga Zone in the Northeast of the European Part of Russia","authors":"I. A. Likhanova, E. G. Kuznetsova, Yu. V. Kholopov, S. V. Deneva, E. M. Lapteva","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603128","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The formation of soils on loamy deposits during the primary succession of vegetation after biological reclamation of a technogenically disturbed area (quarry) in the middle taiga subzone of the northeast of European Russia (Komi Republic) is considered. The planting of <i>Picea obovata</i> on the reclaimed area activates the formation of the tree layer and helps to accelerate pedogenetic processes. In drained conditions, by the beginning of the third decade of succession, litter horizons were formed, soil bulk density in the upper mineral horizons decreased, and a tendency towards redistribution and differentiation of the clay fraction and iron and aluminum compounds in the soil profile was noted. The latter may indicate the beginning of eluviation. The heterogeneity of the quarry surface (presence of highs and lows with a height difference of up to 2–6 m) contributes to the redistribution of moisture within the quarry and the appearance of areas with surface waterlogging. Under these conditions, the role of conservation of organic residues (peat formation) is enhanced, and gleyzation processes are activated. With an increase in the degree of surface waterlogging of soils, the soil acidity and the stocks of soil carbon and nitrogen increase, which is typical for an analogous series of background soils. The calculated rate of organic carbon accumulation in the soil layer of 0–20 cm in drained soils of the quarry is about 0.4 t/ha per year. In the waterlogged soils, it increases to 1.0–1.2 t/ha per year. The stocks of organic carbon in the upper 20 cm of the profile of young soils remain two–four times lower in comparison with the background native soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Enzymatic Activity of Haplic Chernozem Contaminated with Ag, Bi, Te, and Tl","authors":"T. V. Minnikova, S. I. Kolesnikov, N. A. Evstegneeva, A. N. Timoshenko, N. I. Tsepina, K. Sh. Kazeev","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603037","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Enzymatic activity of soils is the most important diagnostic indicator of the ecological state of soils affected by various types of anthropogenic impact. The aim of the study was to evaluate the enzymatic activity of ordinary chernozem (Haplic Chernozem) contaminated with Ag, Bi, Te, and Tl. Ten enzymes (catalase, dehydrogenase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, ascorbate oxidase, ferrireductase, protease, phosphatase, invertase, and urease) were analyzed. According to the degree of inhibition of enzymes, heavy metals formed the following sequence: Tl &gt; Ag &gt; Bi &gt; Te. With an increase in the concentration of heavy metals, the toxic effect on the activity of enzymes increased. The oxidoreductases showed greater sensitivity to Ag, Bi, Te, and Tl contamination than hydrolases. Among oxidoreductases, the highest sensitivity was found for ferrireductase, and the lowest one for ascorbate oxidase. According to the activity of enzymes of the hydrolase class, invertase was the most sensitive, and urease was the least sensitive. When contaminated with Ag, Bi, and Te, invertase had the highest informative value, and when contaminated with Tl, urease and polyphenol oxidase were the most informative. Among the enzymes of the oxidoreductase class, the highest information value was found for peroxidase, and the lowest one for ascorbate oxidase. Among the enzymes of the hydrolase class, invertase was the most sensitive, and phosphatase was the least sensitive. The results of the study can be used to assess the ecological state of soils contaminated with Ag, Bi, Te and Tl.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Net Primary Production of Steppe Ecosystems and the Reasons Underlying Its Spatial Variation","authors":"A. A. Titlyanova, E. K. Vishnyakova, E. N. Smolentseva","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323603141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323603141","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The changes in net primary production—aboveground (ANP), belowground (BNP), and total (NPP)—are considered for meadow, true, and dry steppes. The investigated meadow and true steppes are found between 36° and 116° E, 47° and 56° N. In Tyva, the production of dry steppes has been determined for different landscape positions: from the mountaintop to the bottom of intermontane depression. The ANP value in meadow steppes changes eastward from 10.2 to 3.1 t/ha per year; in true steppes, from 5.8 to 0.7 t/ha per year and depends on many factors, such as air temperature, precipitation, and soil properties. The latter are controlled by a set of factors, including the topographic position of ecosystem, which determines different soil moistening. The general trend of the eastward decrease in the ANP value is often disturbed both in meadow steppes and true steppes. In some cases, ANP increases rather than decreases in a series of meadow steppes, which is explained by certain changes in soil conditions. The first increase in ANP from 4.8 (63° E) to 6.1 (73° E) t/ha per year occurs with the replacement of Luvic Chernozem (Loamic) by Inclinigleyic Chernozem (Loamic) resulting from additional soil moistening. The second increase from 3.6 (75° E) to 6.6 (90° E) t/ha per year is related to the change from Tonguic Chernozem (Siltic) to Haplic Chernozem (Siltic, Pachic). Three increases in ANP are observed in true steppes, namely, when (1) Skeletic Kastanozem (Siltic) is replaced by Calcic Chernozem (Siltic); (2) Haplic Solonetz (Loamic), by Calcic Chernozem (Loamic); and (3) Mollic Leptosol (Siltic), by Calcic Chernozem (Siltic). The BNP value in the upper 30‑cm-thick soil layer of meadow and true steppes generally decreases eastward from 26.8 to 7.7 t/ha per year without any evident regular pattern. In Tyva with its different relief, the ANP of dry steppes varies from 3.7 to 1.7 t/ha per year and BNP, from 27.0 to 8.7 t/ha per year. Consequently, not only air temperature and precipitation determine the ANP value in grass ecosystems but also the soil properties, such as soil structure, C_org content, nutrients, and water availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140148213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}